Unit 4 Grammar and usage 主谓一致讲义 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册.docx

《Unit 4 Grammar and usage 主谓一致讲义 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Unit 4 Grammar and usage 主谓一致讲义 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册.docx（4页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、主谓一致谓语动词用单数的清况 主语是单数名词或者是不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式Water is useful.The city was founded in the 8th century BC. 不定式、现在分词和从句做主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous To read English aloud every morning is of great benefit to you. What makes me annoyed is his negative attitude. 当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词

2、时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt Fifty minutes isnt enough to finish this testTen miles seems like a long walk to me 由and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数。(两者共用一个限定词)The teacher and writer is her friends. 那位老师兼作家是她的朋友。 两个单数名词and连接，表示一个概念或者是不可分割的整体做主语时，谓语动词也用单数。

3、常见的此类短语有“war and peace（战争与和平）, iron and steel（钢铁）, a needle and thread（一针一线）, bread and butter（黄油面包）, a horse and cart.（马车）”Egg and rice is her usual breakfast. 早餐她通常吃蛋炒饭Knife and fork is used to eat western food. 刀叉用来吃西餐 一些以-ics结尾的学科名词以及news, works等，常用单数谓语动词形式。但当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。这类单词有： econom

4、ics经济学 electronics电子学 physics物理学 politics政治学 mathematics数学 statistics统计学 Politics is his favorite subject Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend 不定代词“nothing, nobody, something, someone, anyone, anybody, anything, everyone ,everyb

5、ody等”在句中做主语时，谓语动词一律用单数形式Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 世上无难事，只怕有心人 Someone wants to buy the house each, every, either, neither, many a ,the whole+单数名词，谓语动词常用单数Every boy gets a prizeMany a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页注意：each，all，both用作同位语时，谓语动词仍应与主语保持一致 We each have an English-Ch

6、inese dictionary Many a +单数名词、more than one+单数名词、one and a half+复数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。Many a student has distinguished themselves in this final exam.More than one person thinks the law needs to be simplified.One and a half bananas is left on the table 由noand no; eachand each; everyand every; many a .and

7、many a.等构成复合主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Each teacher and each student was given a bookEvery hour and every minute is importantMany a teacher and many a student enjoys the book very muchNo time and no money is wasted in the whole course.谓语动词用复数的情况 复数名词做主语时，谓语动词用复数The students are visiting the remains of Pompeii.

8、主语由and或both.and.连接，谓语动词用复数形式。如：You and I have been chosen to represent the company at the conference. (研讨会) 注意：如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。 The teacher and writer is her friend 表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers，shoes, glasses, pants, scissors等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。 His black trousers are too long他的黑

9、裤子太长。Your glasses are on your nose 注意:若这些词带有单位词pair of，则由单位词的单复数形式来决定谓语动词的形式 Two pairs of scissors are made in Hangzhou. 这两把剪刀都是杭州产的 有些集合名词如：cattle(牛)，people，police，poultry(家禽)等做主语，总是跟复数动词形式。The people hope to live a happy lifeThe police have caught the criminalCattle feed on grass 名词clothes，works(作

10、“著作”讲)，goods，contents，the Olympic Games的谓语动词一般用复数。如：Clothes keep people warm His works have been translated into several foreign languages 表示某国人的总称的the Chinese, the British, the Irish等谓语动词用复数The Chinese are hard-working. 中国人民是勤劳的。谓语动词单复数由of后的名词决定 由“some of，plenty of，a lot of，lots of，most of，the rest

11、 of，all of，half of，part of或分数（例如：two-thirds of ）、百分数(例如：80% of )+名词”等短语做主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词的数保持一致。Half of the apple is rotten这个苹果的一半腐烂变质了。Half of the apples are rotten这些苹果有一半腐烂变质了。About one third of the books are worth reading.大约三分之一的书值得一读。Over 30 of the students were absent from the meeting就近原则 or，eit

12、her.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but(also)., whetheror, notbut.等连接的并列成分作主语时，根据就近一致的原则处理。如： Either the teacher or the students are to blame Not only the students but also their teacher doesnt know about it Neither you nor I know how to do it there be结构中的主谓一致关系，谓语动词通常和最邻近的那个主语一致。 There are four chairs an

13、d a table in the room 在主语和谓语倒装的句子中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。 On the wall are some famous paintingsBetween the two windows hangs a picture就远原则l 当主语后面跟有with，together with，along with，as well as，rather than，but, like，in addition to，as much as，more than，no less than，except，but，besides，including等连接的词组时No one but

14、Tom and Mike knows anything about it.The professor together with a number of students was doing experiments in the lab at that time.主谓一致的特殊情况 在定语从句中，关系代词做主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致.The news that has been published in todays newspaper is shocking. “one of+复数名词” 后的定语从句关系词做主语，从句谓语动词用复数He is one of the stud

15、ents in our class who have got the first prize. “the only(first/very) one of +复数名词” 后的定语从句关系词做主语，从句谓语动词用单数。He is the only one of the students in our class who has got the first prize. a number of +可数名词复数 做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式（许多）the number of +可数名词复数 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。（的数量） A number of new houses have been buil

16、t there The number of the people who know the secret is very limited “a large quantity of+不可数名词”做主语，谓语用单数 “a large quantity of+可数名词复数”做主语，谓语用复数 “large quantities of+不可数名词复数名词”做主语，谓语用复数 A large quantity of money was spent on the bridgeA large quantity of books are on sale now. Large quantities of bee

17、r are consumed in the city every year.集体名词做主语时的主谓一致 如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如表示成员则用复数。常见的这部分名词有：army，audience，class，club，committee，company，crowd，family，group，government，organization，party，team等。 His family is small. 他的家庭是个小家庭 His family are all model workers. 他的家人都是先进工作者。 the + adj.表示某类人或者是the+姓氏复数做主语时，谓

18、语动词用复数形式 The poor live a hard life穷人过着一个艰难的生活。 The Greens are going to London. 格林一家要去伦敦the + adj. 表示某类事物、表示某一类抽象概念或表示某一人时，谓语动词用单数形式。The beautiful is not always the good.美的东西不一定是好的。Yesterday an accident happened on the road and a person was injured. The injured was rushed to hospital. 昨天路上发生了一起事故，一个人受伤了，伤者很快被送进了医院 All 单独做主语表示人时，谓语动词用复数；表示物时，谓语动词用单数All have gone to Beijing. 所有的人都去了北京All is going well. 一切顺利.学科网（北京）股份有限公司