2019-2020学年人教版英语必修第一册UNIT4SectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures.pdf

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1、Section Discovering Useful Structuressupplyn供应(量)；补给；pl补给品vt供应；供给(教材 P52)The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country 向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。(1)school/medical supplies学校用品/医疗用品(2)supply sth to sb 为某人提供某物supply sb with sth 为某人提供某物The water supply has been c

2、ut off because the workers are repairing the main pipes因工人们在修主要管道，水资源供应被切断。The Internet supplies a lot of information to us every day因特网每天给我们提供很多信息。There is no need to worryWe can supply you_with whatever you needThere is no need to worryWe can supply whatever you need to_you没有必要担心，我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。su

3、rvivevi生存；存活vt幸存；艰难度过(教材 P52)She s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake她在喂在地震中幸存的婴儿。(1)A survive B(by)A 比 B 活得长 survive on 依靠 生存下来survive from 从 存活下来，流传下来(2)survivor n幸存者survival nU 幸存；C 残存物Of the six people injured in the terrible accident,only two survived在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。The travel

4、er trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea被困在孤岛上的那位旅客靠在海里捕到的鱼生存了下来。Some strange customs have survived from earlier times有些奇怪的风俗是从早年流传下来的。The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers by ten years那位老妇人比她所有的兄弟姐妹晚去世10 年。He was the only survivor in that bad accident,

5、and after the survival,he has been living a happy and healthy life关系代词引导的限制性定语从句用适当的关系代词填空1(教材 P50)There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls2(教材 P50)Two thirds of the people who_lived there were dead or injured3(教材 P50)The number of people_who were killed or badly injured in the quake w

6、as more than 400，000 4(教材 P50)Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead5(教材 P50)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed6(教材 P52)A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake

7、in Ecuador定义1在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。2关系词分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose,as 等)和关系副词(when,where,why 等)两类。关系代词的基本用法1who 指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。(作主语)Danny was a man

8、 who we rescued from the ruins丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语)2whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who 代替。Rose is the person(who/whom)you should care about罗丝是你应该关心的人。The boy(who/whom)the teacher often praises is their monitor老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。3whose 既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。Any student whose family is too poor

9、 to go to school can get help from the government任何由于家境贫寒而上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。(修饰人)He lives in a room whose window faces north他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。(修饰物)即时演练1 关系代词填空The woman who is shaking hands with my sister is a doctorThose who want to see the film set down your names,pleaseThe girl who graduated from Cam

10、bridge University is called AmandaI like those books whose topics are about historyThe old man whom/who you spoke to is a famous doctor4which 指事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。China is a country which has a long history中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。(作主语)The radio(which)he bought yesterday doesnt work他昨天买的收音机坏了。(作宾语)This is

11、 the house in which I once lived 这是我曾经住过的房子。(作介词 in 的宾语)5that 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who，whom，指物多用which。This is the novel that interests me 这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。(指物，作主语)The magazine(that)I bought yesterday is lost我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(指物，作宾语)The number of people that/who come to visit this city ea

12、ch year reaches one million每年来参观这座城市的人数达100 万。(that 指人，作主语)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。译昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。误The film(that/which)we saw it last night is very frightening正The film(that/which)we saw last night is very frightening即时演练2 关系代词填空Look,here are some people who/whom/th

13、at I want you to meetDo you still remember the chicken farm that/which we visited three months ago?The picture which/that was about the accident was terrible关系词只能用that 而不用 which的情况1当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,much等不定代词时。Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？All that ca

14、n be done has been done所有能做的都做了。2先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。This is the most delicious food that I have ever had这是我吃过的最美味的食物。3先行词被all,every,no,the only,the very,the last等修饰时。Ive read all the books that are not mine我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。The

15、 only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。4当先行词既指人，又指物时。We often talk about the persons and things that we remember我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。即时演练3 完成句子这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。This is the most beautiful park that_I_have_visited

16、她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。She took photographs of the things and people that_she_was_interested_in聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。Chatting was the_only_thing_that interested her most单句语法填空1Last weekend my roommates and I talked about the happy days that/which we had in college 2Jake used to be a brave boy that/whom/who his tea

17、chers always praised3Ann s parents allowed Ann to help John whose family was poor4They have got a robot that/which can take care of the old and babies5Lucy called her brother that/whom/who she hadnt spoken to for five years6The firefighter rescued those who were trapped in the lift7I visited the cou

18、ple last week whose daughter is studying in the United States8It is the most interesting story that I have ever read9There are many things that/which I need to buy before the trip to France10 Martin didn t buy the new cellphone whose price was too high for him11Do you like the film Titanic whose mus

19、ic is very beautiful?12 Im not interested in the story that/which is about the trip to the moon13 One Hundred Years of Solitude is the most wonderful book that I have read so far14 When she came near,I found that she was one of my classmates that/whom/who I had not met since graduation15 Today there

20、 are lots of video games that/which eat up our time16 Lucy likes the woman writer whose books teach her a lot17 Johnson is the student whom/who/that his teachers are proud of18 I won t do anything that harms me or my friends forever19 All the stories that MrsYang wrote have something to do with teen

21、agers20 Alice is one of the girls in our school who have won the prize three times语法与写作请将下列句子升级为含定语从句的复合句。1We are going to interview the writerHis new novel has been well received by the publicWe_are_going_to_interview_the_writer_whose_new_novel_has_been_well_received_by_the_public 2The washing mach

22、ine is out of orderMrs Green bought the washing machine a month ago The_washing_machine_(that/which)_Mrs_Green_bought_a_month_ago_is_out_of_order3The police are looking for the little girlThe little girl got lost yesterdayThe_police_are_looking_for_the_little_girl_that/who_got_lost_yesterday4The gir

23、l is making a speech under the national flag The girl is our monitorThe_girl_who/that_is_making_a_speech_under_the_national_flag_is_our_monitor5They visited Peter yesterdayPeter s leg was injured in a car accidentThey_visited_Peter_yesterday_whose_leg_was_injured_in_a_car_accident6I value the cellph

24、oneMy aunt gave me the cellphone as my birthday gift last weekendI_value_the_cellphone_(that/which)_my_aunt_gave_me_as_my_birthday_gift_last_weekend7Susan is cleverSusan s dream is to become a famous singerSusan,_whose_dream_is_to_become_a_famous_singer,_is_clever8Mary can t believe the newsTony tol

25、d her the news just nowMary_ can _believe_the_news_(that/which)_Tony_told_her_just_now阅读理解AOn Jan 11,a mother named Amy Calhoun had an extremely scaring experience before a neighbor came to help herAfter drinking milk and a small amount of juice,her 7-week-old son Oliver began to cryHis mother gentl

26、y patted(拍打)his back Then he vomited(呕吐)The vomit was stuck in Oliver s noseHe couldn t breatheCalhoun ran downstairs She laid him on the hard floor and went outside and shouted for help She tried CPR She wasn t doing it rightShe went outside and shouted again for helpShe turned around Oliver was bl

27、ue His eyes were closed“He was gone，”she said The next thing she knew was that a stranger was there“I don t even remember seeing him come in，”she saidMarcus Brewer ran to the homeCalhoun was cryingHe saw the lifeless baby“She was just saying,My baby s dead ”he said “That s all I remember her saying”

28、Brewer,a former volunteer firefighter,told her to calm down and tell him what had happened He picked Oliver up Oliver s arms and legs hung loosely Brewer turned him over and strongly patted his backHe sucked(吸)out the vomit and performed CPRAfter a while,Brewer saw Olivers dark blue lips shakeAnd Ca

29、lhoun heard Oliver cryOliver had been brought back to life just before the ambulance arrivedCalhoun and her baby were moved to Medical Center,where the doctors said he was perfectly healthyCalhoun thought the incident could be a lesson,and encouraged everyone to learn CPR “There might be one day whe

30、n youll have to use it to save a loved one or a stranger，”she said“If it weren t for him,my son would not be here right now”As Oliver gets older,she plans to tell him his story【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一个7 周大的婴儿因呕吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸，邻居赶来对其实施急救，从而使婴儿得救。1Why did Oliver stop breathing?A He drank bad milk and juiceBSometh

31、ing harmed his lungCSomething was stuck in his noseD His mother wrongly patted himC解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“The vomit was stuck in Oliver s nose He couldn t breathe ”可知，Oliver 因呕吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸。2Calhoun didn t notice Brewer come into the home probably because _A she was calling 911 Bshe was lost in great sadness

32、 Cshe was doing CPR downstairs D she was shouting outside for help B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的描写以及“She was just saying,My baby s dead，”he said “That s all I remember her saying”可知，Calhoun 当时惊慌失措，十分难过，无暇顾及屋里是否进来陌生人。3What s the RIGHT order of Brewer s first-aid steps?A Turn Oliver overpat the back suck out the v

33、omit perform CPR BTurn Oliver overperform CPR suck out the vomitpat the back CPerform CPR turn Oliver over pat the back suck out the vomitD Turn Oliver oversuck out the vomitpat the back perform CPR A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Brewer 施救的顺序可知答案。4What s the best title for the passage?A Never Ignore a Strangers Hel

34、p BA Neighbor Saved a Baby by CPR CHow to Perform CPR on Babies D A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed B解析：标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述陌生邻居如何通过CPR 来救人的故事，故 B 项作标题最佳。BHaving lived in California until 1970,my family has felt a number of earthquakesWe have been fortunate,however,to have suffered no bodily harm

35、 or property damageThere is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the presentThe site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude(震级)and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 60 There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and,lucki

36、ly,none is shown in the websiteSo,my personal experiences with earthquakes might be considered insignificantThere are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California As the shaking beca

37、me stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other All three of us(my daughter,I and the tree)shook for two or three minutes which to us felt like hours The second one was in 1963 Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California The earth

38、started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the_famous_landmarkMy third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in CaliforniaIt was in my sixties and I was alone in an old churchAs the building started to shake,I quickly headed for the door to go outside I remembe

39、r I said a little prayersomething like,“Help me get out of here in time,Dear Heavenly Father”Minutes later,I was safe outside【解题导语】作者回忆了自己经历的三次地震。5The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about _A a new film about an earthquake Bhow to survive an earthquake Chis three earthquake experiences D

40、 how to save children in an earthquake C解析：写作意图题。作者主要向读者介绍了自己经历的三次地震。6The earthquakes the author has experienced _A all caused bodily harm Bare all recorded in a website Call measured more than 60 D all happened in California D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The first one was in 1955 in California”和第四段第二句以及第五段的“My

41、third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California”可知答案。7When the first earthquake happened,the author _A was staying with his daughter Bwas planting fruit trees Cheld on to a tree for hours D was in a hotel A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句及最后一句的“All three of us(my daughter,I and the tree)shook fo

42、r two or three minutes”可知第一次地震发生时，作者和他的女儿正待在一起。8What does the underlined part“the famous landmark”refer to?A A church BDisneyland CA building destroyed by an earthquakeD The place where the author was bornB解析：推理判断题。根据上文“Our entire family was visiting Disneyland”可知答案。七选五First rains of the season alwa

43、ys make everybody happyHowever,as it begins to rain often,you will possibly feel bored1_ Well,you can do many fun things,which will make the day a truly enjoyable one2 _ Take a little time out for yourself Then take a long walk and watch everything You can walk in your neighborhood or even take the

44、subway and discover new places in the town If you like taking pictures,take your camera along with you to catch beautiful moments Host a rain dance party!3 _ It can also be in your backyard Make sure that the dance floor is hard and even to avoid accidentsPlace the stereo(立体声音响)under the roof in cas

45、e it gets wet Call your friends and enjoy the party!Watch and listen to nature For example,you can take your bike and ride in a green hilly area 4 _ If you can t go outside your house,sit in the balcony(阳台)with a cup of tea and listen to the sound of water falling on different objectsThere are many

46、things to do on a rainy day But make sure you take a rain jacket or an umbrella while going out in the rains 5_ When it comes to preventing you catching a cold in the rains,you can eat a lot of vitamin C,and take a bath once you come back homeA Take a walk by yourselfBYou can stop to buy an ice crea

47、mCSo how can you have fun on such a rainy day?D You can sit on the top of a hill and enjoy the viewEYou won t get completely wet and then catch a coldFHave some coffee outside and enjoy the conversationG The dance floor can be near your homes swimming pool【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何开心地度过雨季。1C解析：该空前说下雨天

48、你会觉得很烦恼，所以如何开心地度过雨天呢？其实你可以做许多开心的事，由此可知 C 项正确。2A解析：该空为该段的主题句，根据该空后的“Take a little time out for yourself”以及下文多次提到的walk 可知，选项 A 正确。3 G解析：根据空后“It can also be in your backyard Make sure that the dance floor is hard and even”可知，It 指代的是the dance floor，G 项中提到“The dance floor”，所以应选G 项。4D解析：根据该段的主题句“Watch and

49、 listen to nature”和空前的“For example,you can take your bike and ride in a green hilly area ”可知，D 项正确。虽然 B 项也是以 You can开头，但是与本段的主题句“赏雨和听雨”不一致。5E解析：外出的时候记得要带雨衣或雨伞，否则会因淋湿而感冒，由此可知E 项符合语境。语法填空Mountain climbing is a sport different from rock climbing Mountain climbing equipment therefore differs 1_ rock cli

50、mbing equipment sometimes,2_ the two sports do have many pieces of equipment in commonPerhaps 3 _ most common piece of mountain climbing equipment is the carabiner,4 _ is a metal hook(挂钩)with a gate that opens and closes to make a rope through it This piece of equipment is used for a variety of purp