过去分词作后置定语ppt课件.ppt

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1、The Past Participle as the Attribute过去分词作定语，在语态上表被动；在时间上表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统1.过去分词作定语的含义a.及物动词的过去分词，具有被动和完成的意义a broken cupa wounded soldiera cup which is broken a soldier who was wounded篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一

2、种得分类型的系统a grown womana retired officera woman who has growna officer who has retiredb.不及物动词的过去分词，具有主动和完成意义。B:Yes.And we had canned fish,smoked sausages,cakes made by our teacher and fresh apples picked from the orchard.We also played a lot of games there.B:Indeed,to our delight,we helped a lost boy

3、to find his mother.单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。单个过去分词过去分词短语2.过去分词作定语位置已升起的太阳有组织的旅行 a risen sunan organized trip单个过去分词和形容词修饰 something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody 等不定代词时,也要放在这些词后面。nothing reportedsomething importantsomething else过去分词作定语的作用相当于定语从句，二者可以转换。a lett

4、er written in pencil the book borrowed by Jack=a letter which was written in pencil=the book which was borrowed by Jack3.过去分词作定语和定语从句的转换4.形容词性化过去分词作定语常见的有：amazed,embarrassed,disappointed,excited,encouraged,bored,interested,tired,worried,surprised,satisfied,pleased,moved,frightened等。The _ children we

5、re opening their presents.A.excited B.exciting C.excite D.excitesexcited过去分词与现在分词作定语1.语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动。an inspiring speech the inspired audience鼓舞人心的演说受到鼓舞的观众the falling leaves落叶（正往下落的）落叶（已经落到地面的）the fallen leaves2.时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“动作正在进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词表示的动作”或“

6、没有一定的时间性”Do you know the boy _(lie)under the big tree?He is a leader_(respect)by the people.lyingrespected3.及物动词的过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个完成了的动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作.the problem discussed yesterdaythe problem being discussed 已经发生，完成正在发生Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.(2011江苏)A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared 解析：compare的动作是survey发出的，现在分词短语做后置定语。高考解析