中国文化导读-复习ppt-习题-总结课件.ppt

《中国文化导读-复习ppt-习题-总结课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中国文化导读-复习ppt-习题-总结课件.ppt（59页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、Page 1GeneralReview2012.5Page 2Review-Words&ExpressionsnConfucianism:core,code;benevolence仁;justice义;allegiance忠;forbearance忍,ethical德;thegoldenmean中庸,harmony;equilibrium平衡;nTaoism:indigenous,doctrine,substance,conform,prolonged;nMohismnLegalismPage 3Review-Words&ExpressionsnMetaphysics形而上学:TheBooko

2、fChanges易经,intuition;nBuddhist;samsara轮回nNeo-Confucianism道学:nIslam:prophet先知,pilgrim朝圣者,Allah真主（穆斯林信奉的神）Page 4nahundredschoolsofthoughtcontend,nthephilosophyinpre-Qintimes,theorthodoxphilosophyduringtheHandynasty,metaphysicsduringtheWeiandJindynasties,theBuddhistphilosophyduringtheSuiandTangdynasty,

3、Neo-ConfucianisminSongandMingdynasties,applicationphylosophyintheMingandQingdynasties,nConfuciusandMencius,benevolenceandjustice,allegianceandforbearance,thedoctrineofthegoldenmean,nnon-action,threeprofoundstudies,ntheThreePureGods,EightTaoistImmortals,nsamsara,thedoctrineofFourNobleTruth,theEight-F

4、oldPath,nMosquePage 5Quiz-MultipleChoices1.ConfucianismisaschoolofthoughtrepresentedbyConfuciusand_.a.Laozib.Menciusc.Zhuxid.HanFeizi2._isheEnglishwordfor“仁”,theveryimportantConfucianidea?a.justiceb.forbearancec.benevolenced.allegiancebcP18Page 6Quiz-MultipleChoices3._advocatestheprincipleof“achievi

5、nggoodgovernmentthroughnon-action”?a.Taoismb.Confucianismc.Legalismd.Mohism4.TheideathatHeavenaffectshumanaffairsandhumanbehaviourfindsresponsesinHeavenandthepoweroftheemperorsareauthorizedbyHeavenbecamepopularinthe_dynasty.a.Weib.Hanc.Jind.QinabP19Page 7Quiz-MultipleChoices5.“Opportunitiesvouchsafe

6、d惠赐byHeavenarelessimportantthanterrestrial地上的advantages,whichinturnarelessimportantthantheunityamongpeople.”Thiswellexpressedtheideathat_wasthehighestprinciple.a.loveb.heavenc.harmonyd.allegiance6.Accordingto_,peoplecanbecomeacelestialbeing仙人throughpracticingthereligion.a.Buddhismb.Islamc.Christiani

7、tyd.TaoistreligiondcP21Page 8Quiz-MultipleChoices7.BuddhismwasintroducedintoChinalongago,butduringthe_dynasties,Buddhismentereditsgoldenage.a.SuiandTangb.JinandSuic.TangandSongd.SongandYuan8.TheFourSacredBuddhistMountainsinChinaare_.a.MountWutai,MountEmei,MountHuangshan,andMountPutuob.MountJiuhua,Mo

8、untEmei,MountHuashan,andMountPutuoc.MountWutai,MountEmei,MountHuangshan,andMountJiuhuad.MountWutai,MountEmei,MountJiuhua,andMountPutuodaP26P27Page 9Quiz-MultipleChoices9.AccordingtoMuslims,Muhammadis_.a.Godb.Allahc.aprophetd.aking10.Theideaof“Theworldischanging,transient易变的andunreal”isadvocatedby_.a

9、.Buddhismb.Confucianismc.Taoistreligion d.Metaphysics玄学AcP20P27Page 10Quiz-Understandingoftheterms1）a hundred schools of thought contend2）Banning all schools of thought except Confucianism3）Heaven affects human affairs and human behaviour findsresponses in Heaven4）The power of the emperors are autho

10、rized by Heaven.5）Man is an integral part of nature.6）There is nothing outside the mind and no rationalism outside the mind7）Subjective consciousness is the origin of all things in the world.8）To prefer it is better than only to know it.To delight in it is better than merely to prefer it.9）Opportuni

11、ties vouchsafed by Heaven are less important thanterrestrial advantages,which in turn are less important than the unityamong people.10）When the Eight Immortals cross the sea,each demonstrateshis/her divine power.a.罢黜百家，独尊儒术；b.君权神授；c.心外无物，心外无理；d.知之不如好之，好之不如乐之；e.八仙过海，各显神通；f.百家争鸣；g.天人感应；h.天人合一；i.吾心便是宇宙

12、；j.天时不如地利，地利不如人和。fagbhcidjePage 11Quiz-Understandingoftheschoolofthought1）Confucianism2）Taoism3）Mohism4）Legalisma.Aschoolofthoughtespousinglayingdownlawstounifythethoughtofpeople,promotingagriculturetoachieveaffluence,wagingwarstogainstrengthandpower,andestablishingasystemofbureaucracy.b.Aschoolofth

13、oughtadvocatingbenevolenceandjustice,allegianceandforbearance,thedoctrineofthegoldenmeanandvaluestheethicalrelationsofmen.c.AschoolofthoughtadvocatingthedoctrinethattheDaoistheprinciple.Apersonshouldliveasimplelife,nottostriveforwealth,fameorpower,whichwillonlygiveoneworriesandtrouble.d.Aschooloftho

14、ughtadvocatingthatifallthepeopleintheworldloveoneanother,therewouldbenohatred,calamities,andhostilities.Italsoadvocateshonouringvirtuouspeople,opposingfatalismandaggressivewars.bcdaPage 12Quiz-Blank-fillingn“ItstruethatmyknowledgegoesnofurtherthanThe Analects.Ireliedononehalfofitconstantlyinassistin

15、gEmperorTaizutoconquerandstabilizethecountry;IcannowusetheotherhalftohelpYourMajestysecurepeaceandharmonyunderheaven.”Whosaidthis?_nThe Great Learning,The Doctrine of the Mean,The Works of Menciusand_arecalled“theFourBooks”(四书).The AnalectsZhao Pu,prime minister in Song dynastyPage 13Quiz-FindtheEng

16、lishtranslationsfortheirChineseproverbs.1)君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。2)忠告而善道之，不可则止，毋自辱也。3）吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺七十而从心所欲不逾矩。）君子和而不同，小人同而不和。）君子泰而不骄，小人骄而不泰。）吾尝终日不食，终夜不寝，以思，无益，不如学也。a.Advise them to the best of your ability and guide them properly,butstop when there is no hope of success.Do not ask to be snub

17、bed.b.The gentleman is dignified,but never haughty傲慢的;common people are haughty,but never dignified.c.I once spent a whole day without food and a whole night without sleep,in order to meditate.It was no use.It is better to learn.d.The true gentleman is conciliatory和解的but not accommodating.Common peo

18、ple are accommodating but not conciliatory.e.At fifteen I set my heart upon learning.At thirty,I had planted my feet firm upon the ground.At forty,I no longer suffered from perplexities.At fifty,I knew what were the biddings of Heaven.At sixty,I heard them with docile ear.At seventy,I could follow t

19、he dictates of my own heart;for what I desired no longer overstepped the boundaries of right.f.A true gentleman is calm and at ease;a small man is fretful and ill at ease.faedbcPage 14Quiz-TermExplanationnConfucianismnMetaphysicsduringtheWeiandJindynastiesP18,28P20,192Page 15Quiz-DiscussionnTheBasic

20、FeaturesofAncientChinesePhilosophynThepositiveandnegativeaspectsoftherationalworldoutlookseekingforharmonyandmaintainingequilibrium平衡nUnderstandingof“theperfectgoodnessislikewater”(上善若水).P21P22P19Page 16Key Words and ExpressionsnCalligraphy:nStrokes,scripts,radicals,Pictography,the seal form;the off

21、icial form;the cursive form;the regular form;the running form;dot stroke;horizontal stroke;vertical stroke;curved stroke;angular stroke;hooked strokenThe sage of calligraphy n“The handwriting reveals the person”Page 17Key Words and ExpressionsnPainting:nink-wash painting;seal engraving;four treasure

22、s of the study:brush,ink,paper and ink stone;mural painting;wood-cut block print;Chinese Spring Festival Picturesn“Painting and Calligraphy have the same origin.”Page 18Choosethebestanswer1.In221BC,PrimeMinisterLiSioftheQinDynastyunifiedthewritingsystemandsuggested_asthestandardformofwriting.A)these

23、alformB)theofficialformC)thecursiveformD)theregularform2.thestructureofaChinesecharacterisformedwith_.A)radicalsB)strokesC)rootsD)scripts3._,whichcametoprominenceintheTangdynasty,issquareinformandnon-cursiveinstrokesA)thesealformB)theofficialformC)therunningformD)theregularformABDP51P51P52Page 19Cho

24、osethebestanswer4.The Foolish Man Moving Mountain istheoutstandingpaintingworkof_.A)QiBaishiB)XuBeihongC)WangXiziD)YanZhenqing5.Duaninkstonesnowareproducedin_.A)DuanzhouB)XuanchengC)ZhaoqingD)SuzhouBCP54P55Page 20DiscussionnBrieflyintroducethedevelopmentofChinesecharacter.nWhatsyourunderstandingofth

25、eChinesesaying“Thehandwritingrevealstheperson”（字如其人）?nUnderstandingof“paintingandcalligraphyhavethesameorigin.”（书画同源）P51-53P51P53Page 21Key Words and ExpressionsnTraditionalOperas:nBeijingOpera,fourbasicskills(singing,recitation,acting,acrobaticfighting),fourroles(sheng,dan,jing,chou),facialmake-up(

26、colorcode,linesandpatterns),costumesnKunquOpera,ShaanxiOpera,ChuanOpera(facechanges),YueOpera,HuangmeiOperainvaluableinvaluablePage 22What do you know about Beijing Opera?Work in pairs and choose the right answers.1.When did Beijing Opera start?a)the late 18th century b)the late 19th century c)the l

27、ate 20th centurya)the late 18th centuryPage 232.How many main roles are there in Beijing Opera?a)4 b)8 c)123.What are the main instruments played in Beijing Opera?a)violin b)jinghu c)drum d)piano e)sanxian f)guitara)4b)jinghuPage 244.Whichoperaisworthyofthename“ancestorofallChineselocaloperas”.A)Sha

28、anxiOperaB)YueOperaC)HuangmeiOperaD)KunquOpera5.WhichoperawaslistedintheOralandIntangibleCulturalHeritagebytheUN.A)ShaanxiOperaB)YueOperaC)HuangmeiOperaD)KunquOperaD)KunquOperaA)ShaanxiOperaPage 256.WhichoperaisalocaloperainAnhuiProvince.A)ShaanxiOperaB)YueOperaC)HuangmeiOperaD)KunquOperaC)HuangmeiO

29、peraPage 26Match the main roles with their names.sheng male roles with brightly painted face dan female roles jing clown roles chou male rolesPage 27I.TranslatingthefollowingintoChinesenCompassvehiclenSeismographnGoldbachsConjecturenShenzhouVnCompendium of Meteria Medica指南车指南车地震仪地震仪哥德巴赫猜想哥德巴赫猜想神舟五号神

30、舟五号本草纲目本草纲目ExercisesP89P84P85P88P82P78invaluableinvaluableinvaluableinvaluablePage 28II.TranslatingthefollowingintoEnglishn望闻问切listening,smelling,inquiringandobserving,andfeelingthepulsen五禽戏thefive-AnimalExercisesn丸散膏丹pills,powder,extractsandpelletsExercisesP83P82P8294Page 29nThecompassvehicle,nbamb

31、ooslips,ntraditionalChinesemedicine,practitionersoftraditionalmedicine,listening,smelling,inquiringandobserving,andfeelingthepulse,theFive-AnimalExcercises,CompendiumofMeteriaMedica,nfive-strokecodecomputerinputmethod,nGoldbachsConjucture,nhybridricePage 30III.Multiplechoice1._isknownasthemotherofci

32、vilization.Ithasalonghistoryandincludesblockprinting（雕版印刷）andmovabletypeprinting（活字印刷）.A.CompassB.PapermakingC.GunpowderD.PrintingDExercisesP80Page 31II.Multiplechoice2._smonumentalmasterpiece,Compendium of Meteria Medica,includes1892medicalsubstances,11096prescriptions,and1162illustrations.Eighthun

33、dredandthirty-fiveyearsearlierthanthenextpharmacopeia(药典)intheworld.A.BianQueB.HuaTuoC.ZhangZhongjingD.LiShizhenDExercisesP82Page 32II.Multiplechoice3._spioneeringworkinhybridricebreedingandproductiontechniqueshasrevolutionisedricecultivationinChina,establishingChinasworldleadingpositioninhybridrice

34、research.A.YuanLongpingB.ChenJinruiC.CaiLunD.ZhengheAExercisesP88Page 33II.Multiplechoice4.OnOct16,1964,Chinaexplodedthefirst_bombinLopNur罗布泊ofXinjiang,becomingthethirdcountrywithatomicweaponcapabilityaftertheUnitedStatesandtheformerSovietUnion.A.nuclearB.hydrogenC.TNTD.dynamiteAExercisesP85Page 34D

35、iscussionnHowiswesternmedicinedifferentfromthetraditionalChinesemedicine?P81-82Page 35KeyWordsandExpressions:nSpringFestival,ntheCowherdandWeaverMaid,nLanternFestival,nARiversideSceneatQingmingFestival,nDragonBoatFstival,nMid-AutumnFestival,nDoubleNinthFestival,ntheDoubleSeventhFestival,nEight-Treas

36、urePorridge,nWaterSplashingFestival(Ethnicfestivals)P113-114Page 36Keywords&PhrasesnSpring Festival Eve Dinner 年夜饭nPay a New Year Call 拜年nWish you prosperity 恭喜发财nstay up late on the Chinese New Years Eve 守岁nDumpling，Jiaozi饺子nWalking on Stilts踩高跷nDragon Dance舞龙灯nLion Dance舞狮nSacrifice to Kitchen God

37、祭灶神nSetting off firecrackers 放鞭炮Page 37Keywords&PhrasesnSpring Couplets春联nUpside-down Fu Character 福到nTemple Fair庙会nRed Packets压岁钱nThe Year of Dragon龙年The Dragon Personality属龙nThe Dragon Child龙宝宝nChinese Zodiac Compatibility Dragon 中国十二生肖龙nMarried Daughters Return to Parents Home 初二回娘家Page 38Keyword

38、s&PhrasesnTomb Sweeping or Ancestor Worshipping 给祖先扫墓nBurning Paper Treasures 烧纸nCold Foods 寒食nWillow Trees 柳树nKite-Flying 放风筝nChrysanthemum菊花What are the activities in Qingming Festival?Page 39Keywords&PhrasesnHangingPicturesofZhongKui悬钟馗像nHangingwarmwormwood挂艾蒿nDragonBoatRace赛龙舟nZong Zi粽子nRealgarW

39、ine雄黄酒ncarryingfragrantpouches带香包nWardoffevil避邪Page 40nEatmooncakes月饼nFestivitiesoftheMid-AutumnFestival中秋宴会nFamilygathertogether家庭聚会nAppreciatetheroundmoon赏月Keywords&PhrasesPage 41Makingthechoices:1.WhichofthefollowingholidayisnottheOfficialChineseHoliday?ANewYearsDay(January1)BInternationalWomensD

40、ay(March8)CTree-PlantingDay(April1)DTheSeventhEve(7thoftheseventhmonth)2.Theseasonaldivisionpoint“惊蛰”is:A.RainWaterB.GraininEarC.theWakingofInsectsD.SlightColdDCPage 42Makingthechoices:3.WhichactivityisnotinSpringFestival?A.SacrificetotheKitchenGodB.GuessingRiddlesC.PayaNewYearCallD.PastingtheCharac

41、terFu4.Asearlyasthe_,LaternFestivalhadbecomeafestivalwithgreatsignificance.A.WesternHanDynastyB.SongDynastyC.TangDynastyD.ShangDynastyBAPage 43Makingthechoices:5.WhatdontyouusuallydointheQingmingFestival?A.TombSweepingorAncestorWorshippingB.SettingofffirecrackersC.EatingColdFoodsD.Kite-Flying6.Which

42、ofthefollowingisnotrelatedtoDragonBoatFestival?ABurningPaperTreasuresBHangingPicturesofZhongKuiCDragonBoatRaceDZongZiBAPage 44Makingthechoices:7.JadeRabbitisrelatedto:AChildrensDayBSpringFestivalCDragonBoatFestivalDMid-AutumnFestival8.WhichofthefollowingfestivalsisnotEthnicFestival?AWaterSplashingFe

43、stivalCNadamFairBTorchFestivalDDoubleNinthFestivalDDPage 45Makingthechoices:9.A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is drawn byAWuDaoziBGuKaizhiCZhangZeduanDYanLiben10.WhichofthefollowingisnotrelatedtotheDoubleSeventhFestival?ATheMikyWayBTheWeaverMaidCMagpiesDChrysanthemumCDPage 46KeyWordsandExpres

44、sions:nEightregionalcuisinengreentea,blacktea,compressedtea,scentedtea,ndrinkerswagergame,drinkfirsttoshowrespect,arm-crossedwinenseasonings,nWhatarethecharacteristicsofeachregionalcuisine?P119-121Page 47Exercisesn1.IntheWeiandtheJindynasties,baozi(stuffedbun)appeared.Butatthattimeitwascalled_.nA.Ta

45、ngyuanB.ZongziC.JiaoziD.Mantoun2.Inwhichdynasty,choppingboard,knifeandrollingpinwereusedinsteadofmerehandstorolldoughandcutpieces?nA.HanB.TangC.SongD.Yuann3.FromwhichcountrywascarrotintroducedintoChinaintheYuanDynasty?nA.UKB.FranceC.IranD.Indian4.WhatarethemainfeaturesofChinesecuisine?(Morethanonech

46、oice)nA.TasteB.FreshnessC.ColourD.AromaE.CrispinessD.MantouB.TangC.IranA.TasteC.ColourD.AromaPage 48n n5.At a formal banquet,the elderly or people of high 5.At a formal banquet,the elderly or people of high status are allocated specific seats.Which side of the status are allocated specific seats.Whi

47、ch side of the table do they usually sit on?table do they usually sit on?n nA.South B.North C.East D.WestA.South B.North C.East D.Westn n6.Which one of the following behaviors is 6.Which one of the following behaviors is considered appropriate at a formal banquet?considered appropriate at a formal b

48、anquet?n nA.A.The Chinese host uses his chopsticks to put food in your bowl or plate.n nB.B.The Chinese host sets the teapot down where the spout is facing towards somebody.n nC.C.The guest sticks his chopsticks upright in the rice bowl.n nD.D.The guest taps on the bowl with chopsticks for amusement

49、.n n7.According to a Chinese saying,which one of the 7.According to a Chinese saying,which one of the following is not included in the“seven things in the following is not included in the“seven things in the house”?house”?n nA.firewood B.sugar C.soy sauce D.teaA.firewood B.sugar C.soy sauce D.teaB.N

50、orthB.NorthA.A.The Chinese host uses his chopsticks to put food in your bowl or plate.B.sugarB.sugarPage 49n n8.According to the legend,who discovered tea?8.According to the legend,who discovered tea?n nA.Emperor Huang B.Fuxi C.Shennong D.Li A.Emperor Huang B.Fuxi C.Shennong D.Li ShizhenShizhenn n9.