2023年Unit4HistoryandTraditions精品讲义.pdf

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1、UNIT 4 History and Traditions 三言 两语 1.Britain has many places of interest,which attract a lot of tourists from all over the world.2.Qianmen Street,with a history of 600 years,is 800 metres in length,along which there are more than 300 shops.3.The change in peoples way of life largely results from th

2、e fact that peoples living conditions have greatly improved.1.我设法收集了一些有用的信息，包括英国的文化和历史。I managed_to_collect some useful information,including British culture and history.2.这个小村庄三面环山，在东面，面向一条清澈的河流。Surrounded_by_mountains on three sides,the small village faces a clear river on the east.核 心 单 词 默写识记 根据

3、汉语释义写出单词 1.chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n.(公司或机构的)首领；酋长 2.nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近 3.defence n.防御；保卫 4.surround vt.围绕；包围 5.charge n.收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电 6.ensure vt.保证；确保；担保 7.approach n.方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近 8.position n.位置；姿态；职位 9.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应 10.eager adj.热切的；渴望的 11.custom n.风俗；习俗；习惯 12.b

4、attle n.战役；搏斗 vi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗 13.amount n.金额；数量 14.poet n.诗人 15.striking adj.引人注目的；显著的 语境运用 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2021浙江卷)In Bellevue,the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches(approach)2.All our officers are trained to defend(defence)themselves against knife att

5、acks.3.(2021 浙江卷)The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp,which was surrounded(surround)by a high wire fence.4.My phone is power off because I forgot to get it charged(charge)ahead of time.5.Large television screens were_positioned(position)at either end of the stadium.6.Please remember to_ensu

6、re(ensure)all lights are switched off when you leave the classroom.续表 拓 展 单 词 词汇变形 根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑 puzzling adj.令人困惑的 puzzled adj.感到困惑的 2.evidence n.证据；证明 evident adj.明显的 3.achievement n.成就；成绩；到达 achieve v.取得；到达 4.location n.地方；地点；位置 locate v.定位 5.fascinating adj.极有吸引

7、力的；迷人的 fascinate v.使着迷 fascination n.魅力；吸引力 6.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称 announcement n.通知 7.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 generosity n.大方；慷慨 generously adv.大方地；慷慨地 8.greet vt.问候；迎接 greeting n.问候；招呼；迎接 9.crowd n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使 拥挤 crowded adj.拥挤的 10.individual adj.单独的；个别的 n.个人 individually adv.个别地；单独地；独特地 in

8、dividuality n.个性；个人；特色 individualism n.个人主义 语境运用 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.There was a puzzled look on the little girls face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle)2.I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a key university,which will give you a wonderful sens

9、e of achievement.(achieve)3.It was_announced that the amusement park would be closed.We were shocked by the announcement.(announce)4.Entering a supermarket,I was warmly greeted by the greengrocer.His cheery greetings made me feel at home.(greet)5.The museum is_located in the southwest of the city an

10、d you can find its location easily on the map.(locate)6.I was deeply fascinated by the fascinating scenery of the scenic spot.(fascinate)阅 读 单 词【教师用书独具】1.Confucius n.孔子 2.mansion n.公馆；宅第 3.cemetery n.墓地；公墓 4.philosophy n.哲学 5.descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙 6.heel n.足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟 7.kingdom n.王国；领域 8.currenc

11、y n.通货；货币 9.military adj.军事的；军用的 10.conquer vt.占领；征服；控制 11.port n.港口(城市)12.gallery n.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊 13.landscape n.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景 14.butter n.黄油；奶油 vt.涂黄油于 15.honey n.蜂蜜 16.ancestor n.祖宗；祖先 17.courtyard n.庭院；院子 18.snack n.点心；小吃 19.county n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县 20.feast n.盛宴；宴会；节日 21.roll vi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚

12、动 n.卷(轴)；翻滚 22.dot n.点；小(圆)点 vt.加点；遍布 23.cattle n.牛 24.roar vi.&n.吼叫；咆哮 25.ocean n.大海；海洋 26.scent n.气味；气息 27.pub n.酒吧；酒馆 28.wine n.葡萄酒；果酒 29.beer n.(一杯)啤酒 30.stew n.炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)vt.&vi.炖；煨 31.sensory adj.感觉的；感官的 32.transition n.过渡；转变；变迁 熟 词 生 义 1.(2021 天津卷)We stop challenging custom.We just follow the c

13、rowd.民众 2.(2021 北京卷)She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.联系；接洽 3.(2021 全国卷)The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.猛冲 4.(浙江卷)At the start of this year,foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 mil

14、lion.总计 高频短语 短语应用 1.an_amount_of 大量 2.break_away_(from_sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱 3.belong_to 属于 4.as_well_as 同(一样也)；和；还 5.keep_ones_eyes_open_(for)留心；留意 6.join_._to_.把 和 连接或联结起来 7.be_eager_to_do 渴望去做 8.be_similar_to 和 类似 9.refer_to_._as 把 称作 语境运用 1填入一个适当的词 1.I wonder whether it can be bent and joined to oth

15、er materials.2.The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.3.A good translation should be similar to the original text not only in form but also in spirit.语境运用 2填入一个适当的词 The poor young man wanted to break away 1.from this new place because he thought th

16、at he didnt belong 2.to it.He must keep his eyes open 3.for everything.Otherwise,he would be blamed by his new boss.He missed his families as well 4.as his old friends.教材原句背诵 句式仿写应用 1.have sth.done They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.今年夏天我要把我的房间装修一下，因为它有点旧了

17、。I will have_my_room_decorated this summer because it is a bit old.2.be likely to And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face,you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.据我判断，你更有可能获得这个工作。As far as I can judge,you are_more_likely_to_get_the_job.1.surround vt.围绕；包围

18、(1)surround sb./sth.with/by.使某人/某物被 包围(2)surrounding adj.周围的(3)surroundings n.环境(通常用复数形式)词块 be surrounded by family and friends 有家人和朋友陪伴在身边 the surrounding scenery 四周的风景 单句语法填空(2021 全国卷)When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding(surround)the mountain tops,he was redu

19、ced to tears.(2021 江苏卷)Steve arrived and sat in the front row,surrounded(surround)by his family.(2021 天津卷)Now we live in a world surrounded(surround)by the“cant do attitudes.(2021 天津卷)Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings(surround)during the journey?句式升级(普通表达)The tall building in the

20、distance is home to my fathers company.The tall building is surrounded by a great many big trees.(高级表达)The tall building surrounded_by_a_great_many_big_trees_in_ the_distance is home to my fathers company.(分词作定语)(高 级 表 达)The tall building which_is_surrounded_by_a_great_many_big_ trees_in_the_distanc

21、e is home to my fathers company.(定语从句)2.charge vt.收费；控告；充电 n.收费；主管；指控；控告；指责；批评(1)charge sb.with sth.因某事控告某人(2)charge sb.for sth.向某人索取 的费用(3)free of charge/for free 免费 in charge(of)主管；负责；照顾 in the charge of/in ones charge 由某人负责；由某人管理 take charge of 掌管；负责；看管 词块 the person in charge 负责人 service charge

22、效劳费 criminal charges 刑事指控 单句语法填空(江苏卷)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to$20,half of what it used to_charge(charge)(江苏卷)Far from charging(charge)consumers high prices,many of these services are free.I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free w

23、hile the third costs$30.The man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs.Your order will be delivered free of charge within a ten-mile limit.一句多译 他不能掌管这个工程，因为这超出了他的能力。The programme cant be in_his_charge because it is beyond his ability.He cant be in_charge_of the programme b

24、ecause it is beyond his ability.3.amount n.金额；数量(1)a small/large amount of 不可数名词单数动词 少/大量的 amounts of 不可数名词复数动词 大量的(2)amount to 合计；共有 词块 a large amount of information 大量的信息 单句语法填空(2021 新高考全国卷)Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.Its reported that a large amount of

25、money was_spent(spend)on the bridge.Its reported that large amounts of money were_spent(spend)on the bridge.完成句子 据说一大笔资金投入到了这个分公司。Its_said_that_a_large_amount_of_capital is invested in the branch.4.approach vi.接近；靠近；走近 vt.接近；接洽；对付；着手处理 n.接近；方法；途径(1)the approach of 的来临 an approach to.做某事的方法；通向某地的路 at

26、 the approach of 在快到 的时候(2)approach to/towards.接近，靠近 approach 作名词时，后面常跟介词 to，表示“的方法，而 way,method,means 表示“方法时后常跟介词 of。词块 the approach of autumn 秋天的来临 a new approach to the railway station 去火车站的一条新路 单句语法填空(2021 浙江卷)I couldnt see Don,but as I approached(approach)the tractor he jumped out onto the road

27、,apparently unhurt,and dashed back to me.(上海卷)Approaching(approach)the city centre,we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.(2021 全国卷)Chinas approach to protecting its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.At the approa

28、ch of the 2022 university entrance examination,most of us stay up late to study.词汇升级/句式升级(普通表达)As the time for graduation is coming,we are busy with our papers.(高级表达)As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing_near/around_ the_corner,we are busy with our papers.(高级表达)With_the_time_for_graduati

29、on_approaching,we are busy with our papers.(with复合结构)5.belong to 属于；归属；为 的一员(1)belong to 不用于进行时态也没有被动形式。类似用法的还有 take place,occur,happen等。(2)belong vi.应在(某处)；适应(3)belonging n.归属(4)belongings n.所有物；财产 词块 a sense of belonging 归属感 personal belongings 个人财物 单句语法填空(2021 浙江卷)The students feel that they belo

30、ng to a particular group.(2021 全国卷)Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects.Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings(belong)?Have you seen a dictionary belonging(belong)to our school library?Yes,it is over there and Mary is using it.一

31、句多译 众所周知，中国是属于第三世界的国家。It is well-known that China is a country which_belongs_to the Third World.(定语从句)It is well-known that China is a country belonging_to the Third World.(分词作定语)6.have sth.done(教材原文)They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡，并对法律制度进

32、行了修改。(1)“have sth.(宾语)过去分词(宾语补足语)表示三种意义。一是“让/叫/使/请别人做某事；二是表示主语遭受的损失；三是完成或解决某事(主语可参与)，宾语后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。(2)have sb.do sth.让某人做某事(3)have sb./sth.doing 让某人一直在做某事/让某事一直发生(4)have sth.to do 有某事要做(不定式作定语)金句(2021 天津卷)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken.我需要一个新

33、的护照，所以我不得不去照张照片。单句语法填空 I fell down and broke three of my teeth.I wonder how many times I have to come here and have my false teeth fixed(fix)(北京卷)I wont have you making(make)the same mistake again and again.When his mother had him do his homework,he decided to have his light burning(burn)all night t

34、o pretend he was working hard.(山东卷)I have a lot of readings to_complete(complete)before the end of this term.句式升级(普通表达)You should take the chance to deepen your knowledge of traditional Chinese culture.(高 级 表 达)You should take the chance to have_your_knowledge_of_ traditional_Chinese_culture_deepene

35、d.(have 宾语宾补)用所给词的正确形式填空 1.At the meeting they discussed three different approaches(approach)to the study of mathematics.2.Entering the room，I found Jack surrounding(surround)himself with piles of books.3.Its said that amounts of water in this area were(be)polluted and some specialists were sent the

36、re to solve the problem.4.Charged(charge)with acting dishonestly in her business,she was in low spirits.5.There is no doubt that these cultural relics belonging(belong)to the state should be returned.在空白处填入一个适当的词 1.Paper-cutting has a history of over 1,500 years,which belongs to traditional art in C

37、hina.2.Kate was in a hurry to grow up,eager for knowledge and experience.3.When the teacher announced the news to the students,they all burst into cheers.4.It is thought that girls should be trained to defend themselves against some attacks.5.My uncle is so generous with his money that he is popular

38、 with his friends.查缺补漏 1.Claire had her luggage checked(check)an hour before her plane left.2.It was freezing cold and we all crowded(crowd)around the stove to keep warm.3.It is important to_remember(remember)that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years to achieve.4.Its

39、 believed that it is difficult to break away from the habit of smoking.5.Actors have to learn their cues as well as their own lines.【教师用书独具】单元话题语篇练(2021 河北宣化模拟)Silk is mainly produced in the south of the Yangtze River Delta.The people 1.living(live)in the region were the inventors of silk fabric,and

40、 no other culture discovered this process independently.The history of silk making 2.began(begin)6,000 years ago,and the earliest example of silk fabric 3.that has been discovered dates from 3630 BC in Henan.Silk cloth producing process was well advanced during the Shang Dynasty(about 1600 1046 BC)e

41、ra.China produces about 150,000 tons 4.annually(annual).This is much more than the rest of the world.Only India has a comparably large industry that produces about 30,000 tons.It is thought that silk 5.was_exported(export)along the Silk Road routes about 400 BC ago.But after that,the 6.various/varie

42、d(variety)kingdoms kept secret the methods of silk 7.production(produce)for another thousand years.It might have been one of the most energetically guarded secrets in history.Anyone 8.found(find)secretly carrying silkworm eggs,or mulberry(桑树)seeds was put to 9.death(die)Silk garments were worn by em

43、perors and royalty.It was a symbol of status,10.so common people were prohibited from wearing silk.Silk was also used for a number of other applications including luxury writing material.单元话题写作练 1.补全要点句(黑体局部请使用本单元所学词汇)很多人都渴望去参观大英博物馆，因为它可以被视为一场视觉盛宴。Many people are_eager_to visit the British Museum be

44、cause it can be regarded as a feast of eyes.没有其他博物馆能够取代大英博物馆。No other museums can take_the_place_of the British Museum.对于全世界游客来说它是一个极有吸引力的旅游景点。It is a fascinating tourist attraction for tourists from all over the world.大英博物馆包括九个展厅，其中一个就是中国展厅。The British Museum consists_of nine showrooms,one of which

45、 is the showroom of China.当你环顾这个展厅四周时，你可能会觉得困惑，英国居然拿走了那么多属于中国的珍贵的东西。When you look around the showroom,you may feel_puzzled that Britain should have taken so many valuable things belonging_to China.游览大英博物馆，你必须确保把要参观的东西列一张单子。When visiting the British Museum,you must ensure that you have made a list of

46、 the things which you want to see.只有用这种方式，你才能确保不遗漏那些引人注目的东西。Only in this way can you make sure not to leave out anything striking.2.升级平淡句(1)用 which 引导的非限制性定语从句合并 1 中句 和句 No other museums can take the place of the British Museum,which is a fascinating tourist attraction for tourists from all over the

47、 world.(2)用 what 引导的主语从句和 that 引导的表语从句升级 1 中句 When you look around the showroom,what may puzzle you is that Britain should have taken so many valuable things belonging to China.3.衔接成文 Many people are eager to visit the British Museum because it can be regarded as a feast of eyes.Besides,no other mus

48、eums can take the place of the British Museum,which is a fascinating tourist attraction for tourists from all over the world.The British Museum consists of nine showrooms,one of which is the showroom of China.When you look around the showroom,what may puzzle you is that Britain should have taken so many valuable things belonging to China.Whats more,when visiting the British Museum,you must ensure that you have made a list of the things which you want to see.Only in this way can you make sure not to leave out anything striking.