2022年天津市河东区高三下学期联合考试英语试题含解析.pdf

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1、2021-2022高 考 英 语 模 拟 试 卷 考 生 请 注 意：1.答 题 前 请 将 考 场、试 室 号、座 位 号、考 生 号、姓 名 写 在 试 卷 密 封 线 内，不 得 在 试 卷 上 作 任 何 标 记。2.第 一 部 分 选 择 题 每 小 题 选 出 答 案 后，需 将 答 案 写 在 试 卷 指 定 的 括 号 内，第 二 部 分 非 选 择 题 答 案 写 在 试 卷 题 目 指 定 的 位 置 上。3.考 生 必 须 保 证 答 题 卡 的 整 洁。考 试 结 束 后，请 将 本 试 卷 和 答 题 卡 一 并 交 回。第 一 部 分（共 2 0小 题，每 小 题

2、1.5分，满 分 3 0分）1.What do you think of Betty?一 Lovely,though sh e be naughty sometimes.A.should B.mustC.can D.need2.一 What about asking these new graduates to take on the task?I m afraid not.While they are energetic and a m b i t i o u s,o f them seems to be suitable for this demanding job.A.no one B.

3、everyone C.none D.few3.It is believed that many more popular terms on the Internet this year.A.will be created B.have createdC.are created D.are creating4.You know,people have different opinions about the construction of the project.-We welcome any comments from them,favorable o r.A.so B.otherwiseC.

4、else D.rather5.This is the first time that w e a Him in the cinema together as a family.A.see B.had seenC.saw D.have seen6.As he works in a remote area,he visits his parents onlyA.anxiously B.occasionallyC.practically D.urgently7.Professor Wang in our school till next Sunday.A.will have stayed B.has

5、 stayed C.is staying D.stayed8.What surprised us most is that he doesnt know the differences between the two books lie.A.that B.what C.which D.where9.It is widely acknowledged in foreign companies that employees should b e in terms of innovation capability.A.examined B.evolvedC.evaluated D.encourage

6、d1 0.I dont care for baseball.How can you say you dont like something youve never even tried it!A.till B.after C.unless D.when11.Have you seen Jiang Wens movieLeZ the Bullets F/yrecently?Yes.I it twice last week,At home and in the theatre.A.had enjoyed B.enjoyed C.have enjoyed D.was enjoying12.I t a

7、 Saturday afternoon in M ay_ Margaret could arrange for me to meet her elder,sister.A.was until;when B.was until;thatC.was not until;when D.was not until;that13.Their flight due to bad weather.They would like to know when the flight will take off.A.had been delayed B.was delayedC.has been delayed D.

8、will be delayed14.Why do you turn to me for help you can easily work out the problem independently?A.until B.whenC.after D.unless15.Mom,can you give me an extra 200 yuan a month?Son,we have just bought a house,and from now on we need to practise strict A.economy B.medicine C.self-control D.patience1

9、6.You should set a goal and see you can achieve it in the coming exam.A.which B.whatC.whether D.when17.If you leave this application form and go to another website,you will lose you have already filled out on thisform.A.whatever B.whoeverC.wherever D.whenever18.Most students study because ifs u n a

10、v o i d a b l e.,there are students who actually enjoy it.A.As a result B.In additionC.In conclusion D.By contrast19.I have no idea what made the students so excited and crazy._ it have been their teams victory in the finals?A.Must B.CouldC.Would D.Should20.The number of stay-at-home fathers reached

11、 a record high last year,new figures s h o w,f a m i l i e s saw a rise infemale breadwinners.A.asC.because D.though第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解（满 分 4 0分）阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D四 个 选 项 中，选 出 最 佳 选 项。21.（6 分）Exposing living tissue to subfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage.Microscopic

12、 icecrystals（结 晶 体）cut cells and seize moisture（潮 气）,making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation.Thus,organscan be made cold for only a few hours ahead of a procedure.But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds（化 合 物）一 similar to those found in particularly hardy（耐 寒 的）animalscould lengthen

13、 organs9 shelflife.Scientists at the University of Warwick in England were inspired by proteins in some species of Arctic fish,woodfrogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing,allowing them to flourish in extreme cold.Previousresearch had shown these natural antifreeze molecules（分 子）co

14、uld preserve rat hearts at-1.3 degrees Celsius for up to24 hours.But these proteins are expensive to extract（提 取）and highly poisonous to some species.uFor a long timeeveryone assumed you had to make synthetic（人 造 的）alternatives that looked exactly like antifreeze proteins to solvethis problem,“says

15、Matthew Gibson,a chemist at Warwick who co-authored the new research.uBut we found that youcan design new molecules that function like antifreeze proteins but do not necessarily look like them.”Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water Scientists

16、do notknow exactly how this process prevents ice crystal formation,but Gibson thinks it might throw water molecules intopush-pull chaos that prevents them from tuning into ice.To copy this mechanism,he and his colleagues synthesizedspiral-shaped molecules that were mostly water-repellentbut had iron

17、 atoms at their centers that made themhydrophilic,or water-loving.The resulting compounds were surprisingly effective at stopping ice crystals from forming.Some were also harmless to the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans,indicating they might be safe for other animals.“These compounds are really cool

18、 because they are not proteinsthey are other types of molecules that nonethelesscan do at least part of what natural antifreeze proteins do,says Clara do Amaral,a biologist at Mount St.JosephUniversity,who was not involved in the research.Gibsons antifreeze compounds will still need to be tested in

19、humans,however;and may be only part of a solution.46We dont have the whole picture yet,do Amaral adds.Its not just onemagical compound that helps freeze-tolerant organisms survive.Its a whole suite of adaptations.1、What will happen if organs are kept for a long time in temperatures below zero?A.They

20、 will have ice crystal formation inside.B.They will not suffer permanent damage.C.They will have longer shelf life.D.They will be fit for transplantation.2、What can we learn about natural antifreeze proteins?A.They look like Gibsons antifreeze compounds.B.They are composed of antifreeze molecules ha

21、rmless to other species.C.They are spiral-shaped and have iron atoms at their centers.D.They can be found in organisms living in freezing cold weather.3、How are antifreeze molecules prevented from ice crystals?A.By creating compounds both water-repellent and water-loving.B.By extracting the proteins

22、 from some hardy animals.C.By making synthetic alternatives like antifreeze proteins.D.By copying spiral-shaped molecules mostly water-resistant.4、W hafs the main idea of the passage?A.Push-pull chaos might prevent water molecules from turning into ice.B.The final solution to preserving donor organs

23、 has been found recently.C.Chemicals inspired by Arctic animals could lengthen organs shelflife.D.Gibsons antifreeze compounds can do what natural antifreeze proteins do.2 2.（8 分）A good book is indeed the best friend of a person.The same goes for high-profile CEOs of worldrecognized companies as wel

24、l.Lefs have a look at the favorite books of some of the world-famous CEOs.Apple CEOTim Cook,Competing against Time by George Stalk Jr.and Thomas M.HoutThis book is based on 10 years of valuable research done by the authors.It talks about how new concepts ofmanaging time in new product development,pr

25、oduction and sales provide companies with the advantages to succeed inthis highly competitive world.Microsoft CEO（Former）Bill Gates,The Catcher in the Rye by J.D.SalingerA few themes explored in the novel are rebeHion（叛 逆），anxiety and confusion.It tells that young people are a littleconfused,but can

26、 be smart about things and see things that adults dont really see.Gates said,I didnt actually readThe Catcher in the Rye until I was 13,and ever since then Pve said thats my favorite book?9Oracle CEOLarry Ellison,Napoleon by Vincent CroninThis book is considered by far the best biography ever writte

27、n on Napoleon Bonaparte.Ellison said,nIt*sinteresting to read about him for a couple of reasons:to see what an ordinary man can do with his life and to see howhistory can distort（歪 曲）the truth entirely.,OWE CEO Oprah Winfrey,To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper LeeThis book talks about how a little girl

28、observes the people around her.Winfrey said,661 read it in eighth or ninthgrade,and I was trying to recommend the book to other kids.So it makes sense to me that now I have a book club,because I have been doing that probably since I read this book.”1、What is the theme of Competing Against Time?A.How

29、 to increase production.B.How to improve efficiency.C.How to enrich experience.D.How to save energy.2、Which book may be chosen by parents to learn about rebellious kids?A Competing against Time.B.The Catcher in the Rye.C.Napoleon,D.To Kill a Mockingbird,3、What can be inferred from Winfreys words?A.S

30、he loved reading when young.B.She read the book with other kids.C.The book has an influence on her career.D.The book is about a girls thoughts.23.（8 分）Steve and I pulled trash for four solid hours continuously,except for about five minutes when we stoppedto talk.My shoulder hurt badly each time I pu

31、t another full barrel on it,and my legs occasionally trembled as I washeading for the street.But the rest of me said,“Go,trashman,go.”I could not have imagined there would be joy in this.Dump.Lift.Walk.Lift.Walk.The hours flew by.Saturdaymeant many people were outdoors working in their gardens or gr

32、eenhouses.Most of them looked approachable enough.There wasnt time for lengthy talks but enough to exchange greetings that go with civilized ways.But I was shocked tofind that this wasnt the case.When I said hello to them,most often the response was either nothing at all,or a surprising stare becaus

33、e I hadspoken.One woman in a housecoat was startled as I came around the corner of her house.At the sound of my greeting,shegathered her housecoat tightly about her and retreated quickly to the door.I heard the lock click.Steve complained angrily on the long ride to the dump:wThey dont realize were

34、humans.”1 had originally planned to stay at this employment for only two days but now Pm going to continue.I have decided,too,to keep saying hello in peoples yards.It doesnt do any harm,and it still feels right Frankly,Im doing an essentialtask.I left this country a little cleaner than I found it th

35、is morning.Not many people can say that tonight.John Gardner wrote that a society which praises its philosophers and looks down on its plumbers（管 子 工）is introuble.Neither its pipes nor its theories will hold water.he warned.He might have gone a step further and called forrespect for both our economi

36、sts and our trashmen;otherwise,theyll both leave rubbish behind.1、How did the woman feel when she heard the authors greeting?A.Doubtful.B.Embarrassed.C.Frightened.D.Pitiful.2 At the end of the passage,whats the authors attitude to his job?A.He is ashamed of it.B.He is boastful about it.C.He is proud

37、 of it.D.He isnt serious about it.3、What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A.Both the facilities and the thoughts of society may go wrong.B.Both the trashmen and the economists should not be respected.C.Both practice and theories are importantD.Both the pipes and the theories m

38、ake sense.4、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.An Experience as a Trashman B.The TrashmanC.Economists and Trashmen D.Misunderstanding24.（8 分）Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris,a small metal cylinder（圆 柱 体）rests on a shelfbeneath a double set of bell jars.

39、It has lain there for more than a century,its rest only occasionally disturbed when therooms three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious pieceof metal.First,the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft,alcohol-soaked cloth.Then it is steam

40、ed with pure water.Finally,the 1kg cylinder is returned,carefully,to its resting place.Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual,but has a purpose.The castle houses the International Bureau ofWeights and Measures and that piece of shining,circular metal is its holiest relic.It is the defining mas

41、s（质 量）againstwhich all other kilograms are measured.This is the international prototype,or standard,of the kilogram.The IPK,inshort.Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made.They are stored around the world and used tostandardise individual nations weights and measures syste

42、ms.But the days of the IPK,in its current form,are numbered.The International Bureau of Weights and Measures hasdecided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement-based on electric current-inorder to define the mass of an object.The king of kilograms is about to be

43、dethroned.“One key reason for doing this work is to provide international security,w says Bureau spokesman Paul Robinson.“If the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed,we would have no reference left for the worldsmetric weights system.There would be chaos.The current definition

44、of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder inParis,after all.”Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more andmore precise measurements.uDrug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured interms of a f

45、ew millionths or even billionths of a gram,“says Robinson.wWe need to be prepared to weigh substanceswith that kind of accuracy.”1、What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?A.Its cared for with great devotion.B.Its used in religious ceremonies.C.Its beautifully designed and decorat

46、ed.D.Ifs the most valuable metal in the world.2、Which of the following best explains dethroned”underlined in paragraph 5?A.rebuilt B.removedC.destroyed D.upgraded3、What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?A.To protect the metal cylinder from damage.B.To make taking measurements more economical

47、.C.To provide all countries with the same standard.D.To satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.4、What can be a suitable title for the text?A.No more kilosB.A heavy technologyC.The future of the kiloD.The history of measures25.（10 分）Dark Sky Parks around the WorldWarrumbungle National ParkSituat

48、ed in the central west slopes of New South Wales is Australians only dark sky park,Warrumbungle.The parkhas served as a dark sky park since July 2016.Its crystal-clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural,educational,and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth.Tourist

49、s can use Australians largest opticaltelescope within the park boundaries to view the auroras（极 光）,the Milky Way,and faint shooting stars.SarkSark is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the UK.It was the Worlds First DarkSky Island set up in January 2011.Its historica

50、l and cultural blend attracts over 40,000 tourists annually.With no motorvehicles and public lighting on the island,there is an exceptional view of the dark skies.A rich Milky Way is visible inthe dark night skies from the shores of the island.Pic du Midi de BigorrePic du Midi de Bigorre in France w