合句译法汇总课件.ppt

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1、合句译法 合句译法指将若干内容关系密切的短句合并为一个长句，多用于汉译英。汉语强调意合，结构较松散，因此简单句较多；英语强调形合，结构较严密，因此长句较多。所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利用连词、分词、介词、不定式、从句、独立结构等把汉语短句连成长句。汉语少用关联词，常用多个动词表示逻辑关系。从形式上看，它们都是平等，没有主从、偏正之分；从逻辑上分析，分句之间也有主从之分。翻译时，先分析汉语短句之间的主次、逻辑关系，意思为主的句子为正句，用英语限定式动词结构来表达；从属的分句即偏句，用非限定式动词短语、介词短语、或增加从属关联词、从句形式来处理。区分主次关系 1.表示原因部分，一般应从属于表示结果

2、的部分 他们患得患失，/拒绝接受分配给他们的任务。Considering the gain and loss,they refused to accept the jobs assigned to them.没有农业，/人类便不能生存，社会生产也就不能继续下去。译：But for agriculture,man could not exist,nor could social production proceed.2.表示方式或状态的部分，一般应从属于表示行为或动作的部分。其后走过三个人，都有四五十岁光景，手摇白纸扇，缓步而来。Behind him came three men,all som

3、e forty to fifty years old.Fanning themselves with white paper fans,they advanced slowly.3.表示方法和手段的部分，应从属于表示目的部分 我们用自己动手的方法，达到了丰衣足食的目的。By using our own hands we have attained the objective of“ample food and clothing”.4.属于修饰或说明关系的分句或短语，译作从属部分 这个战争，在东方历史上是空前的，在世界历史上也将是伟大的，全世界人民都关心这个战争。The people of th

4、e whole world are concerned about this war,which has no precedent in the history of the East,and which will be a great war in world history,too.5.背景情况描述部分，一般应从属于结论部分帝国主义(imperialist)国家对外侵略扩张，争夺世界霸权(hegemony)，/必然走向战争。Engaged in aggression and expansion abroad for the purpose of the world hegemony,the

5、 imperialist inevitably will go to war.6.否定或反说部分，一般应从属于肯定或正说部分国际争端在此基础上予以解决，而不诉诸武力威胁International disputes should be settled on this basis,without resorting to the use of threat or force.经典句式对照 我们有决心，有信心，通过深化改革、扩大开放，/变压力为动力，/迎接加入世贸组织带来的挑战，促进国民经济不断取得新的发展。We have the determination and confidence that

6、through the deepening of reform and opening wider to the outside world,we can turn pressure into motive force to take the challenges arisen from our accession to the WTO and enable the national economy to achieve new progress on a continuous basis.With confidence and determination,and through furthe

7、r reform and opening wider to the outside world,we will respond positively to the pressure upon us,meeting challenges arising from Chinas accession to the WTO,and pushing forward the development of our national economy.合句译法（1）在关联词处合译。Mark wasnt able to escape from the fire.Neither were the children.

8、马克和孩子都没能从火里逃生。Overwork may cause physical decline.Then insomnia may result.工作过度会造成体力下降进而导致失眠。我们不能出卖我们的国格，不能出卖我们的人民。Wecanneithergiveupournationaldignitynor betrayourpeople.合句译法（2）从主语转换处合译The river is very wide.One cannot see the opposite bank.河宽得看不到对岸。She went back home to take care of her husband.He

9、 was seriously ill.她回家去照顾病重的丈夫。骆家辉（Locke)的父亲和祖父都出生在中国，/他曾担任过两届华盛顿州州长，/是美国第一位华裔州长。Locke,whose father and grandfather were born in China,/served two terms as governor of Washington and/was the first Chinese-American governor in the United States.He has been ill for many years.He died in loneliness fin

10、ally.他生病多年后孤独的死去。He came back to his hometown.He has left it for quite many years.他回到了阔别已久的故乡。合句译法（3）按内容连贯合译 Outwardly,I was everything a well-brought up girl should be.Inside,I was screaming.外表看，我是个教养良好的小姐，但是骨子里我很反叛。Failure does not imply you have wasted time and life.It shows you have reasons to s

11、tart again.失败并不意味着你浪费了时间和生命，而是表明你有理由重新开始。门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有12把，五颜六色，大小不一。In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.描述性的多个汉语单句，常合并成几个词或短句这种床工艺先进，结构新颖，造型美观，款式多样。The design of this bed is technologically advanced with novel structure,beautiful shape，and various patterns.翻译练习1.即使是最

12、好的厨师，有时也会做出不好的菜来。The best cook sometimes makes bad dishes.2.他家境贫寒，不得不中途退学。The want/poverty of his family forced him to leave off/quit/drop out of school.（在关联词处合译）（按内容连贯合译）3.尽管我们的生活越来越富足用上了中央空调，看上了液晶电视，喝上了美味咖啡然而相对经济的繁荣来说，真正的幸福却滞后了。Despite all the wealth we have accumulated central heating,plasma TVs

13、and delicious coffee true happiness has lagged out economic prosperity.（在关联词处合译）4.英国研究者说，家务劳动既费时又累人，虽然也算是身体运动，却既无益于身体健康也无助于减除赘肉。Its exhausting,time-consuming and although it counts as physical activity,housework doesnt improve health or help to shed those excess pounds,British researchers said.（在关联词

14、处+主语转换处合译）5.我们愿意与亚欧伙伴及世界其他国家发展友好合作关系，携手并肩，不懈努力，建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐社会。We are willing to/will continue to develop friendly relations and cooperation with our Asian and European partners and other countries in the world and work with them to build a world of harmony,durable peace and common prosperity.（按内容连

15、贯合译）6.当他们活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。As long as they are living，they always work and study as hard as possible,unwilling to dream their life away,let alone waste even a single moment of their lives（按内容连贯合译）7.专家认为，这个热潮同样也激发了礼服时尚，越来越多的设计师开始着眼于红色婚礼服，因为红色在冬季更加受人们青睐。Experts believe the trend is im

16、pacting on wedding dress fashion with more designers creating red wedding dresses,which are becoming popular choices at winter ceremonies.（在关联词处+主语转换处合译）8.农民缺乏培训，许多农场生产效率低，使得绝大多数农村人口在国内处于不利的地位。Inadequate training for farmers and the low productivity of many farms place the vast majority of country dwellers in a disadvantageous position in their own country.9.每天下午四五点钟喝上一杯茶，吃一点烤面包或饼干，相互之间再闲聊几句，这种情景在英国到处可见。There is a scene to be witnessed everywhere in England at four or five PMwhen people enjoy a cup of tea，with toast or biscuit and with a bit of conversation