初中英语宾语从句知识点全面解析.docx

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1、初中英语宾语从句知识点全面解析 宾语从句歌诀 宾语从句三姊妹,that，if/whether,wh-/how展风采展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变陈述请你选that，疑问需用if/whether连特殊问句作宾从，原来问词不用换三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意留意变脸的if/when，从句的简化记心间 歌诀解码 一、三姊妹宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1. 由that引导的宾语从句。如：We knew （that）we should learn from each other.2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：Please tell m

2、e if/whether you have been to America.3. 由who，where，how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？二、三关1. 引导词关如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。2. 语序关陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：He is an honest boy. The teache

3、r said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Does he work hard？I wonder.I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know. I dont know when he left.3. 时态关如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：I have heard（that）he will come back next week.如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要

4、用过去的某种时态。如：He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.三、人称的变化和标点的使用1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife？”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my k

5、nife. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number.2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk？I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know？Where does he live？Do you know where he lives？四、两副面孔if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从

6、句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow，I wont come.（时间状语从句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句）五、从句的简化1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the grou

7、nd.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station？Can you tell me how to get t

8、o the station？中考真题演练1.重庆A卷-Do you know _?-Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.A. why did they move here B. why they moved hereC. when did they move here D. when they moved here2.山东烟台-Do you know _ ?-Perhaps tomorrow, but Im not sure.A. how well go to the museum B. which place well visit next

9、 SundayC. when well travel to Disney Land D. why he wont come here3.四川自贡-How about buying an iphone 6s for your birthday ?-Oh, its maybe too expensive, Dad. Do you know _ ?A. how much it costs B. how much does it costC. how much it cost4.四川成都-Could you tell me _ ?-My life is not what it used to be .

10、A.what you think of yourself B.how you like your present lifeC.what your life is like after you became famous5.山东临沂-Excuse me, do you know _yesterday ?-Sure. It closed at 6:00 p.m.yesterday.A.when the bookstore closes B.when does the bookstore closeC.when the bookstore closed D.when did the bookstor

11、e close6.福建福州-Mr. Black, could you tell me_?-At 10:00tomorrow morning.A.where well go hiking. B.when well have a meetingC.whether you will come to may birthday party7.湖南株洲 Do you know when _today.A.is the bookstore closed B.does the bookstore closeC.the bookstore closes8.四川宜宾 We must remember _.A.wh

12、at our teacher said B.what did our teacher sayC.what has our teacher said9.江苏南京-Are you going camping this after ?-A typhoon is coming. Im not sure _the road to the mountain will be closed.A.which B.what C.whether D.why10.湖南衡阳-My neighbor asked me _ I heard the big noise last night or not .A.whether

13、 B.if C.what11.天津-Could you tell me _ youll go to Paris?-Next month.A.why B.where C.when D.how12.山东菏泽-Excuse me, but could you please tell me _ ? -Sure.A.where is the restroom B.when the store opens C.what time does it begin13.山东德州-Excuse me. Id like to take exercise but Im new here. Could you pleas

14、e tell me _ ?-Follow me. Ill take you there.A.how I can get to the airport B.where the supermarket isC.how to get to the police station D.which is the way to the sports center14.山东滨州-What did your father say to you just now ?-He asked me _.A.that I would like to see a movie B.where I will spend my h

15、olidayC.if I enjoyed myself at the party D.when did I attend the graduation party15.四川达州-Could you please tell me _ Zhang Aipings hometown ? -The day after tomorrow, I think.A.when will you visit B.when you will visitC.why you will visit D.how you will visit16.四川攀枝花-Could you tell me _ the beautiful

16、 mobile phone ? I want to buy one, too.A.when did you buy B.when you boughtC.where you bought D.where did you buy17. 重庆B卷- I like Super Brain very much. Do you know _ on show?- At 10:00 every Friday evening. Its a good program to make science popular.A. where it is B. where is it C. when it is D. wh

17、en is it18.安徽-Look at the stone bridge. Do you know _it was built?-In the 1860s. It is quite old.A.when B.how C.where D.why19.四川广安-Can you tell me _ ?-Sure. For about 3 weeks.A.how long Thomas has bought the bike B.how long has Thomas bought the bikeC.how long Thomas has had the bike D.how long has

18、Thomas had the bike20.四川绵阳-Could you tell me _?-At nine oclock, in ten minutes.A.how will leave B.when he has leftC.why he is leaving D.when he will leave21.新疆阜康、米泉-Could you tell us _ the sports meeting ?-On Wednesday this week.A.where we are going to have B.where are we going to haveC.when we are

19、going to have D.when are we going to have22.江苏连云港-What did Max just say to you ?-He asked me _.A.if I would like to go skating B.when did I buy this CDC.where I will spend the weekend D.that I had a good time23.四川巴中-I wonder _next week. Please call me when they return.A.when they will come back B.wh

20、en will they come backC.when they come back24.四川南充-Do you know _ ?-Sure. On August 5th, 2016.A.when will the 31st Olympic Games open B.where will the 31st Olympic Games openC.when the 31st Olympic Games will open D.where the 31st Olympic Games will open25.甘肃武威-I told the teacher _ I had seen.A.what

21、B.which C.where D.that26.甘肃武威-Could you please tell me _ ?A.where is the Grand Hotel B.when the Grand Hotel isC.where the Grand Hotel is D.how is the Grand Hotel27.江苏盐城-I wonder _. -Yes, of course.A.why we will visit this museum B.when we will get to the museumC.whether the museum is worth visiting

22、D.what we can see in the museum28.山西-I just came back from Shanghai Disneyland. Can you guess _?Ive no idea. But it cant be cheap. Ive heard everything is very expensive.A. how I came back home B. how many days I stayed thereC. how much I paid for the Micky Mouse toy29.湖南郴州-David, look at the man in

23、 black over there. Can you tell me _ ?-He is an engineer.A.who is he B.who he isC.what he does30.江苏宿迁-could you please tell me _?-OK. I will go to Beijing next week.A.where will you go B.how you will go to BeijingC.when you will go to Beijing D.why will you go to Beijing答案1-5：DCACC6-10：BCACA 11-15：CBDCB16-20：CCACD 21-25：CAACA26-30：CCCCC