Module4Unit7It'sthepolitethingtodo语法（讲义）教科版（广州）英语六年级下册.docx

《Module4Unit7It'sthepolitethingtodo语法（讲义）教科版（广州）英语六年级下册.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Module4Unit7It'sthepolitethingtodo语法（讲义）教科版（广州）英语六年级下册.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、U7拓展语法 形容词和副词形容词一、定义：用来形容人或事物特点的词。二、形容词的作用：1、形容词作定语(1)大多数形容词作定语修饰名词时，其位置在被修饰的名词前，说明名词的品质或特征。She is a tall girl.她是一个高个子女孩。Ifs a black and white cat.它是一只黑白色相间的猫。He is a good teacher.他是一名好老师。She is wearing a green coat.她穿着一件绿外套。(2)但在下列情况下，形容词却放在它所修饰的名词之后。当被修饰的词是不定代词 somebody, someone, something, anybod

2、y, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing等复合不定代词的形容词，作定语时要后置。I would like something cheap.我想要点便宜的东西。There is nothing wrong with him. 他没有错。Is there anything new in that book?那本书里有什么新东西吗？(3)enough等形容词修饰名词时可前置或后置。We have enough time/ time enough.我们有足够的时间。(注:形/副+ enough,此时enough必须后置)2、形容词作表语形容词作表语，常位于连系动词be(

3、am, is, are), become, get, turn, look, keep, seem等词的后 面，说明主语的特征、状态或身份。The food is delicious.这种食物美味可口。The story is very interesting.这个故事很有趣。Generally speaking, it is cold in the north, it is warm in the south.一般来说，北方天气冷，南方天气暖和。3、作宾语补足语 We should keep our classroom tidy and clean. We should make our c

4、ountry beautiful and strong.)10. The girl doesnt run the boy.A. much faster as B. as faster asC. more fast than D. so fast asD. good enough)11. -Mum, I think Pm to get back to school.-Not really, my dear. Youd better stay at home for another day or two.A. so wellB. so goodC. well enough)12. They pla

5、y all kinds of instruments and sing .A. alsoB. eitherC. as well)13. She told us story that we all forgot about the time.A. such an interestingC. so an interesting)14. Jacks brother is than him.A. old; elder B. elder; olderD.as well asB. such interestingD. a so interestingC. old; elderD. elder; young

6、er二.用所给词的适当形式填空1, The street is as(long ) as that one, but it is( wide ) than that one.2, This is the( short) way to Tian9an men Square.3, My brother is 3 inches(tall) than I.4,1 was five minutes(late ) for the train.5, Every morning I get up( early ) than my brother, but my sister gets up(early ).6

7、, Lesson 5 is( easy ) than Lesson 6, but it is not so(interesting ) as Lesson 6.7, Do you have anything( much, more, most) to say?8, This is the(large ) power station that we have ever seen.9, Which is the( high ) mountain in the world?10,1 can walk(far) than a young man.4、句型“Itis+adj.（形容词）+to do st

8、h.（不定式短语）”这个句型中，常用 important, interesting, exciting, nice, easy, hard, good, useful, wrong, right, important等形容词。It is dangerous to climb this hill.爬这座山很危险。It is interesting to play in the snow.在雪里玩是有趣的。It is important to listen to the teacher carefully in class.课堂上认真听老师讲课很重要。a.此句型中，如果表语是kind, nice,

9、 right, wrong, clever, polite等描述性格、品质的形容词，则应在不定式前加of sb. “It is +adj. +of sb. + to do sth.”某人做某事是It is very kind of you to help me.你能帮我太好了。Ifs clever of you to do so .你这样做真聪明。b.如果形容词表示“对某人而言”，描述的是事情的性质，可在动词不定式前加一个for sb “It is +adj. +fdr sb. +to do sth.”对某人来说做某事是Its difficult for us to finish the wo

10、rk.对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。Its hard for me to answer your question.对我来说，要回答你的问题很难。三、貌似adv.的adj。lonely （孤独的）,friendly （友好的）,lively （生动的）,lovely （可爱的）,deadly （致命的）等。四、复合形容词。He is an eleven- year- old boy.数-单名作定语。五、以-ing和-ed结尾的adj用法区别:Jane is bored because her job is boring.Julia thinks maths is very interesti

11、ng because she is interested in maths.r boring interesting My job is a tiring satisfying、depressingIm bored with my job.Im not interested in my job any more.Im always tired when I do my homework.Im not satisfied with my job.My job makes me depressed.通过以上例子发现，当修饰人或人作主语时用-ed,当修饰物或物作主语时用-ing。【针对练习】一、把下

12、列名词变成形容词。d 6 .cloud 10. noise13.China 15. danger 16. Australia二、用所给词的适当形式完成句子。1. It is(rain) today. Lefs stay at home.2.1 am at the news (amaze).3. Its hard(climb) that mountain.4. Jenny is from New York and she is an(America) girl.5. It is interesting(talk) with him.6. Do you think your school life

13、 is(color)?7. Its(sun) today. Lets go for a walk.8. He is a tall and(friend) man.1.1 have a lot of(interest) stories to tell you.10. Li often helps others. He is very(help).11. Its dangerous(drive) on a foggy day.12. China is an(Asia) country.13. There is a(brightly) sun outside. Lets stay at home.1

14、.1 1 like winter because I like(snow) days.15. Ifs easy for everyone(do) the work.16. It is very cold on(snow) days.17. The weather will be(cloud) tomorrow.形容词和副词的比较级形容词和副词的比较级常用于两者间进行比较，其中一个比另一个“更”或“较后 用连词than连接另一个所比较的人或物。在上下文明确的情况下，形容词、副词的比较级也 可单独使用。Fm more outgoing than my sister.我 比我姐外 向。This bo

15、ok is old. Can you give me a newer one?这本书旧，你能给我本更新的吗？（一）形容词比较级形式的构成：1 .规则变化1）单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词后加-er, longer2）哑音e结尾的，在后直接加-r, nicer finer3）以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i,再加-er, funnier; happier4）重读闭音节且只有一个辅音字母结尾的，先双写辅音字母，再加-er, bigger; fatter5）多音节词和少数双音节词在词前加 more。 more important; more interesting2 .不规则变化 good/well be

16、tter, bad/ill worse, many/much more, little less, fau farther/further, old一 older/elder注意：far的两个比较级有所不同：farther强调距离的远；further强调程度的深。We can5t go any farther steps.我们不能再走更远的距离了。Lefs have a further study.让我们做一下更深的研究。old的两个比较级的不同：older指年龄的大小；elder指亲兄弟、姐妹间的长幼关系。My elder brother is two years older than I.

17、我哥哥比我大两岁。（二）形容词和副词比较级的用法：1）比较级之前加much, far, a lot, a bit, a little, even, still等词修饰，表示“一方比另一方”,用以加强语气。She is a little fatter than me.她比我稍胖点。2）“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越（怎么样）”When the winter is coming, it gets colder and colder.冬天来了 天气越来越冷了。3）“The+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子”表示“越（怎么样）就越（怎么样）”The more we have, the mor

18、e we want.我们拥有的越多，我们就想要的越多。4） “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两个中比较的”The apple is the bigger of the two.这个苹果是两个中比较大的。5)名词+介词短语+be+比较级+than +that(those) +介词短语。The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Shanghai.北京的天气比上海的热。6) “比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他的任何都”China is larger than any other country in Asia

19、.中国比亚洲任何另U 的国家都大。7)表示“大几岁、高多少”等时，常用“数量词+比较级+ than”句型。She is three years older than L她比我大三岁。8) “Which/Who is+ 比较级，A or B?”Which is easier, English or Chinese?英语和汉语，哪个容易？注意：1)比较的对象必须一致，但不重复。我的花比你的漂亮。My flower is nicer than yours. (Y) My flower is nicer than you. (x)2)比较的双方必须在同一范围内。Shanghai is bigger t

20、han any other city in China.上海比中国其它的城市大。如不在同一范围内比较，则不用other。Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.上海比日本的任一城市都大。3)原级与比较级的互换She is not as old as L= She is younger than I. = Im older than she.她不如我大。（她比我小；我比他大。） 二、形容词和副词的最高级形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上间的比较，且形容词最高级级前一定加the,副 词最高级前可省略the。(一)形容词和副词最高级形式的构成:1 .规

21、则变化1)单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词后加-est, tallest; longest哑音e结尾的，在后直接加-st, nicest; finest以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i,再加-est, funniest; happiest重读闭音节且只有一个辅音字母结尾的，先双写辅音字母，再加-est, biggest; fattest2）多音节词和少数双音节词，在词前加most, most important; most interesting2 .不规则变化good/well 一best, bad/ill一worst,many/much一mostlittleleast,farfarthest/fu

22、rthest,old一oldest/eldest（二）形容词和副词最高级的用法：1）表示“最之一”用one of +最高级+名词复数。China is one of the oldest countries in the world.中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。2）表示“第几”,用the+序数词+最高级（不再加the）。This book is the third most interesting of all.这本书在所有的中是第三大有趣的。3）“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？ ”用于三者以上的比较。例如，Which country is the largest, Ch

23、ina, Brazil or Canada?哪一个国家最大，中国，巴 西还是加拿大？“特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较例如，Which season do you like （the） best, spring, summer or autumn?你最喜欢哪一个季 节，春天，夏天还是秋天？It is much/by far the most beautiful scenery in Europe.它是欧洲最美丽的风景。5）形容词最高级有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格或专有名词修饰时，不用定冠词the。This is his latest movie.这

24、是他最近的一部电影。形容词最高级与比较级的转换：海伦是他班中的最高的男孩。Henry is the tallest boy in his class.= Henry is taller than any other boy in his class.=Henry is taller than any of the other boys in his class.=Henry is taller than all of the other boys in his class.= No other boy is taller than Henry in his class.PS：(1)其它双音节词

25、和多音节词，在前面加more, most, less, least来构成比较级和最高级。原级比较级最高级importantmore/less importantmost/ least importantbeautifulmore/less beautifulmost/least beautifulexpensivemore/less expensivemost/least expensiveinterestingmore/less interestingmost/least interesting(2)不规则变化(好坏多少远)原级比较级最高级good/well （好）better更好的best

26、最好的bad/badly/ill （坏）worse更坏/糟的worst最坏/遭的many/much （多）more更多的most最多的little （少）less较少的/较小的least最少的/最小的far （远）farther更远的furtherfarthest最远的furthest四、例题精析【例题1】He runsTom.A. as faster asB. as fast asC. more faster than D. so fast than【答案】B【解析】本题考查“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同 的用法，题干句子含义是“他与Tom跑的一样快

27、”。例题 2 he read the book,he got in it.A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interestingC. The more; the more interestedD. More; more interested【答案】C【解析】本题考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”的用法，题干句 子含义是“他越读那本书就越感兴趣”。例题 3 】There wereshops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A. littleB. fewC. fewer

28、D. less【答案】C【解析】little不能修饰可数名词,两者比较需用比较级。【针对练习】单项选择。)1. This picture isthan that one.A. beautifulB. more beautifulC. most beautifulD. the most beautiful)2. These flowers arethan those ones.A. much beautiful B. much more beautiful C. very beautifulD. as beautiful)3. The Changjiang River is one ofrive

29、rs in the world.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longest)4. Kates umbrella is much bigger thanA. IB. meC. myD. mine)5.1 think it isolder than yesterday.A. veryB. much tooC. muchD. quite)6. Tm sure you can jump asas Jim if you wear your sport shoes.A. slowB. slowerC. higherD. high)7.1 dont think this

30、 question isthan that one. It isof these questions.A. easier, more difficultB. easier, the most difficultC. easiest, more difficultD. easier, much more difficult)8. Who hadstorybooks, Julie, Tara or Molly? 一 Molly did.A. manyB. moreC. muchD. the most)9. Li Hua studies English very and her English is

31、 in her class.A. careful, good B. carefully, well C. careful, best D. carefully, the best )10. The boy didnt run to catch the bus.A. fast enough B. enough fastC. quick enough D. enough quickMore Practice (语法+提高)一、找出划线部分发音不同的单词并将字母编号写在括号内。ored()aris()3. A.many()4. A. happyororB. capitaladB. manyorC.

32、FranceeadC. libraryD. JapanD. heavyD. tryand B. waterfallC. naturalD. capital一、单项选择。)1. Pop music ismusic in the world.A. best ofB. more betterC.good ofD. the best)2. In my class, Angle is thebut studiesthan others.A. shorter, bestB. shortest, betterC. shortest, best D. shorter, better)3. As student

33、s, we must work hard to make our countryA. rich and strongerB. richer and strongC. richer and strongerD. rich and strong)4.John often talksbut does,so all of us think he is a good boy.A. little, manyB. few, fastC. less, moreD. more, less)5. They all looked at the master and felt quiteA. sad;sadB. sa

34、dly; sadC. sad;sadlyD. sadly; sadly)6. This film isinteresting than that one.A. moreB. muchC. veryD. the most)7. Your English is very good.than I do.But my brother learns it muchA. goodB. wellC. betterD. best)8. Dont worry. Your mother will getA. well and wellB. better and betterC. well and better D. good and well)9. Egypt is one ofin the world.A. the oldest countryB. the oldest countriesC. much older countryD. much older countries