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1、高考专题复习之 完 形 填 空 1考纲分析345 真题演练6课堂小结Contents:主要特点 2技巧点拨经典例解【全国卷考纲分析】完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程要求考生根据文章的整体内容,区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系,对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程,通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。阅读过程中多注意体会作者的写作意图,加强分析推理能力。1.全国卷完形填空词数通常为 左右,选材以 为主,夹叙夹议,设空 个,首句不设题;2.为主,语法极少。考点层次可分为四类:单词层次,词组层次,句子层次与语篇层次,突出 的理解,突出
2、文化背景,设题以情景意义选择为主。3.干扰性强,重细微辨析。选项设计严密,一般说来,四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴,干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误。实词为实词为主,虚主,虚词为辅词为辅。【完形填空主要特点】250记叙文20语境语篇年 份 体 裁 题 材15记叙文(夹叙夹议)叙述亲身体验残疾人的经历从中有所感悟。16议论文通过一系列实例来论证当有些活动成为常规的时候往往会使人们产生厌倦而中途放弃。17记叙文(夹叙夹议)奉献爱心,助人为乐。(赠人玫瑰,手留余香)【近三年全国卷体裁题材特点】【近三年全国卷考点方向】年份 名词 动词 形容词 副词 连词 短语 其他15 7 题 6 题 4 题
3、 1 题 1 题 1 题16 9 题 4 题 4 题 3 题17 6 题 6 题 3 题 3 题 1 题 1 题主要考查名词、动词、形容词、副词,占90%以上。词汇题考什么?篇章结构(语境)句际关系I climbed the stairs slowly,carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor,I was tired and at the same time feeling lonely.Worse still,Dad missed a step
4、and fell,sending my new suitcases rolling down the stairs.“Damn!”he screamed,his face turning red.I knew trouble was ahead.Whenever Dads face turns red,look out!lazyanxioustired_tookmissedpickedrollingpassingturning_give uphold onlook out 能力测试要求“语篇”、“语境”、“语义”技巧点拨1.注意上下文语境(context)词汇复现、逻辑关系2.掌握习惯搭配(p
5、hrases&idioms)3.运用词义辨析(comparison)4.了解常识背景(commonsense)5.运用语法分析(grammaranalysis)1.复现词汇题1.(17全国卷I)Thenmy17-year-oldsuggestedgivinghima_47_.Ithoughtaboutit.Wewere_48(low)_oncashourselves,butWhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor_54(whatever)_hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.47.A.dollar B.j
6、ob C.hotmeal D.giftcardthegiftcard语境-原词重现2.(16全国卷I)Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutinebasis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis41atworkinpeopleofall42(ages).41.A.principleB.habitC.wayD.power语境-同义词、近义词复现2.词语的习惯用法和固定搭配3.(16 全国I)Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenar
7、eexcitedabout43withtheirnewtoys.43.A.working B.living C.playingD.going语境-固定搭配playwith(toys)16(15江西)“Youshouldntswimthatday,”theman45advised.“Thereisastormcomingup.”“Youshouldmindyourown46!”Dianerepliedandwalkedintothegentlewaves.46.A.businessB.SwimsuitC.friendsD.parentsNoneofyourbusiness.与你无关。Mindyo
8、urownbusiness!不要多管闲事!17习语谚语(2012 全国新课标)Body language is the quiet,secret and most powerful language of all!It speaks 36 than words 36.A.straighter B.louder C.harder D.furtherActionspeakslouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩 3.根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义4.(16全国卷I)Mywheelchairexperimentwassoon54.Itmadeadeepimpressiononme.Afewhou
9、rsof“disability”gavemeonlyatasteofthe55(challenges),bothphysicalandmental,thatdisabledpeoplemustovercome.54.A.forgottenB.repeatedC.conductedD.finished语境-词义辨析 4.根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择5.(15全国卷I)AssoonasIsatdown,my41madethechairbegintoroll.Itswheelswerenot42(locked).41.A.height B.force C.skillD.weight生活常识常识、背景知识6.BorninAmerica,IspokeEnglishnotChinese,thelanguageofmyancestors.WhenIwasthree,myparentsflashedcardswithChinese36atmyface,butIpushedthem37(aside),36.A.customB.gamesC.charactersD.language1.语法手段2.逻辑手段句际关系1.语法手段
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