安徽专升本英语语法知识.ppt

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1、GrammarFocus1.请试着翻译此句：请试着翻译此句：储存在人脑的信息似乎永远不会失去。储存在人脑的信息似乎永远不会失去。2.请试着找出下页句中的主语和谓语：请试着找出下页句中的主语和谓语：nThelargepartwhichwarplayedinEnglishaffairs,thefactthatthecontrolofthearmyandnavywasinthehandsofthosewhospokeFrench,andthecircumstancesthatmuchofEnglishfightingwasdoneinFranceallresultedintheintroductio

2、nintoEnglishofanumberofFrenchmilitaryterms.1.1.a.n.nahumorousmannagloriousvictorynadiligentstudentnadisgustingperson1.2.ger.n.nateachingbuilding(abuildingusedforteaching)nasleepingbag(abagusedforsleep)1.3.p.pr.n.nasleepingboy(aboywhoissleeping)ntheexploitingclass(theclassthatexploitsotherpeople)nboi

3、lingwater(thewaterwhichisboiling)nfallingleaves(theleaveswhicharefalling)1.4.p.p.n.nboiledwater(waterwhichhasbeenboiled)nfallenleaves(leaveswhichhavefallen)ntheoppressedpeople(thepeoplewhoareoppressed)narespectedwriter(awriterwhoisrespected)1.5.n.n.n作定语的名词往往是说明其中名词作定语的名词往往是说明其中名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、的材料、

4、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。类别等。1.材料材料adiamondnecklacepapermoneyastonebridge2.用途用途tradeunionwaterpipeeyedrops3.时间时间thedinnerpartyeveningsuit 4.地点地点Londonhotelsbodytemperaturethekitchenwindow5.内容内容astorybooktheairpressurethegrammarrules6.类别类别childreneducationenemysoldiersabusdriverChinaConstructionBank2.1.1.n.+t

5、odo/tobedonenIhavealotofclothestowash.nIhavealotofclothestobewashed.nakeytounlockthedoorntheOlympicGamestobeheldinLondonin20122.1.2.todoingnlookforwardtodoingnbe/getused/accustomedtodoingninadditiontodoingndevote/bedevoted/dedicate/bededicatedtodoingnobjecttodoingnbeaverse/opposedtodoingnbesubject/s

6、ubjectedtodoingncontributetodoingnmakeacontribution/contributionstodoing2.2.n.+p.pr.phrasenaboysleepingonthegrassnthesensorynerveslinkingthemusclestothebrainnTheministersobjectingtotheproposalntheprogramrunninginthefirstmodule2.3.n.+p.p.phrasenthefunctioncalledbythemainprogramntheairportdestroyedbyt

7、ornadontheinformationstoredinthehumanbrain2.4.n.+adj.phrasenthesenseresponsiblefordirectingyourmusclesintelligently2.5.n.+prep.phrasentheinformationinthehumanbrainnthecalculatoronthedesknThediscoveriesduringthevoyage3.1.restrictiveadjectiveclauseanunknownadj.restrictiveclause试翻译试翻译:1.燃烧是一种燃烧是一种发光的、发

8、热的发光的、发热的化学反应。化学反应。2.赖昌星是一个赖昌星是一个臭名昭著的臭名昭著的人。人。nBurningisakindofchemicalreactionwhichgivesoff/emitslightandheat.nLaiisanotoriousman.or.Laiisamanwhoearns/hasanevilreputation.4.1.,.,nTom,mycousin,isagoodman.nWe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhard.nAllthetaxidrivers,whoknewthetrafficjam,changedtheirways.

9、nWecannotcompletelysay,asmanyartistswhostudiedinParisdid,thatmodernpaintingisnothing.Q:Whichistheauthorsattitudetowardmodernpainting?A:a.positiveb.negativec.neutrald.indifferentWecannotcompletelysay,asmanyprasiterswhodieogedinAthendid,thatfrgicalpaintingisnothing.Q:Whichistheauthorsattitudetowardfrg

10、icalpainting?A:a.positiveb.negativec.neutrald.indifferent4.2.wordsforattitudenpositive赞成的赞成的nsupporting支持的支持的npraising赞扬的赞扬的noptimistic乐观的乐观的nactive积极的积极的ncritical批评的批评的nnegative否定的，反对的否定的，反对的npessimistic悲观的悲观的ndepressed沮丧的沮丧的ndisappointed失望的失望的npassive消极的消极的nindifferent冷淡的，不关心的冷淡的，不关心的nuninterested

11、不感兴趣的不感兴趣的nsubjective主观的主观的nobjective客观的客观的nneutral中立的中立的nimpersonal不带个人感情的不带个人感情的对于文体的鉴别词还有：对于文体的鉴别词还有：nformal正式的正式的ninformal非正式的非正式的ncasual随便的随便的ninformative提供信息的提供信息的nelaborate详细阐述的详细阐述的5.1.nominalclausenWhencanIhavesomethingtoeat?将其变形为将其变形为nwhenIcanhavesomethingtoeat设设whenIcanhavesomethingtoeat为

12、为“x”nIdontknow+x.nMyquestionis+x.nXisstillunknown.nIhaveaquestion+x.证明，证明，x放在了名词本来放的位置上，放在了名词本来放的位置上，即一个句子起了名词的作用，即一个句子起了名词的作用，x应为性应为性质等同于一个名词的从句，即名词性质等同于一个名词的从句，即名词性从句。从句。5.2.AppositiveClause 基本结构：冠词基本结构：冠词/形容词性物主代形容词性物主代词词+抽象名词抽象名词+that/(wh-)+抽抽象名词的具体内容象名词的具体内容常见的抽象名词有：常见的抽象名词有：1.想法类：想法类：opinion,i

13、dea2.结果类：结果类：result,conclusion3.取代类：取代类：facttrytocomparewiththesesentences:1.ShehatestherumorthatTonywasdead.2.ShehatestherumorthatTonyspread.rumorn.谣言谣言ntrytotranslatethefollowingsentences1.很多贫困儿童上不了学这一现象很多贫困儿童上不了学这一现象反映出了一个严重的社会问题。反映出了一个严重的社会问题。2.那位交警认为这起交通事故和他那位交警认为这起交通事故和他喝了啤酒之后驾车有关。喝了啤酒之后驾车有关。6

14、.1.Verbsn动词的个数问题动词的个数问题n动词的时态语态问题动词的时态语态问题(see6.2.)n动词的分化问题动词的分化问题(see6.3.)6.2.1动词的时态语态问题动词的时态语态问题nIhavethreehamburgerseveryday.nIhadtwohamburgersyesterday.nIwillhavefourhamburgerstomorrow.nIhavealreadyhadonehamburger.nIamhavingahamburger.6.2.2补充常考的时态补充常考的时态1.现在完成进行时现在完成进行时have/has+been+V.ing2.将来进行时

15、将来进行时will+be+V.ing3.被动语态被动语态nOnebagismadebymymothereveryday.nThebagwasmadebymymotheryesterday.nThebagwillbemadebymymothertomorrow.nThebaghasbeenmadebymymother.nThebagisbeingmadebymaymothernow.6.3.动词的分化问题动词的分化问题(副词方向副词方向)1.回忆下刚才讲过分化的形容词方向回忆下刚才讲过分化的形容词方向2.看看下面的分化形式看看下面的分化形式nV.Ving（现在分词）（现在分词）nV.Ved（过去

16、分词）（过去分词）nV.tov.（不定式）（不定式）nTakingtheriskoflosinglife,thewomansavedhersonfromthebigfire.nInfluencedbyafamousteacher,hewantstobeaprofessorinStanford/Yale/Harvard/MIT.nTosolvethisproblem,theymadealotofefforts.n王维王维山居秋瞑山居秋瞑：竹喧归浣竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟。女，莲动下渔舟。Bambooswhisperofwasher-maids;Lotusstirswhenfishingboatwa

17、des.n白居易白居易暮江吟暮江吟：一道残阳一道残阳铺水中，半江瑟瑟半江红。铺水中，半江瑟瑟半江红。Thedepartingsunbeamspaveawayontheriver;Halfofitswavesturnredandtheotherhalfshiver.n王维王维送元二使安西送元二使安西：渭城渭城朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。Nodustisraisedontheroadwetwiththemorningrain;Thewillows(柳树柳树)bythehotellooksofreshandgreen.n天青色等烟雨天青色等烟雨而我在等你而我在等你;nThepureandcyanskyiswaitingforeverymistyrainspresence;andI,foryours.n炊烟袅袅升起炊烟袅袅升起隔江千万里隔江千万里 nWoodsmokecurluphighwhilewe,separatedbyawideriver,aresofar.