编外经贸英语函电与谈判课件U.ppt

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1、 Unit ElevenTelegrams and TelexesI.IntroductionnTelegrams and telexes can send messages and data directly between two parties,and make transaction in international business efficient and convenient.Since time element means a great deal to the buyers and sellers.Telegrams and telexes are used to tran

2、smit urgent messages of all kinds.Nowadays,with the development of communication,telegrams are rarely used,but the language used is still having effects on business documents.1.TelegramsnOnce,transactionsininternationalbusinessarediscussedindetailthroughairmails.Whentelegramwasintroduced,itquicklyto

3、okoverthejobofairmails.Actually,telegramsarelettersinahighlycompressedform,sotheabbreviationsandthecompoundingareusedtoservethepurpose.Hereisabriefintroductionoftelegrams.1.1Characteristics of Telegramsn(1)Combinations,abbreviationsandtransformationsareoftenusedtoreducewordsinmessageoftelegrams.nCom

4、binations:nASSOONAS:assoonasBANKRATE:bankratenAbbreviationsnA/CaccountACPTacceptnS/CsalesconfirmationTKSthanksnTransformationsnHURRYUPRUSH,EXPEDITEnASSOONASSOONEST1.1Characteristics of Telegramsn(2)Nopunctuationmarksorsymbolsareusedinthemessageoftelegrams,weusuallyusenaturalwordstoreplaceorexplainth

5、em.Forexample:n,COMMAABCABCUNDERLINEDn.STOP&AND1.1Characteristics of Telegramsn(3)Somewords,suchasthefirstpersonalpronouns,theverb“be”,theparticle“to”,thearticles“a”,“an”,“the”,someauxiliaryverbsandmostprepositionsareoftenomitted.n(4)Presentparticiplesandpastparticiplesareusedtoshowthefuturetenseand

6、thefinishedactionsrespectively.Forexample:na.SSEASTWINDSAILINGDIRECTYOURPORTMIDAUGUST(=Thesteamship“Eastwind”willsaildirectlytoyourportinmidAugust.)nb.SHIPPINGSPACEBOOKED(=Wehavebookedtheshippingspace.)1.2 Kinds of Telegramsn“Plainlanguagetelegrams”and“codelanguagetelegrams”arethetwomainkindsoftheco

7、mmercialtelegrams.nThecodelanguagetelegramsarewrittenincommercialcodes,suchasAcmeandBentley,andnowtheyareonlyusedbyafewtraderswhoareaccustomedtouseit.1.2 Kinds of TelegramsnThe plain language telegrams may be classified into three types:ordinary,urgent,and letter telegrams.However,since January 1,19

8、80,letter telegrams have not been accepted in most countries and areas.So,only the ordinary and urgent telegrams are widely used in the world.nAn ordinary telegram can be sent to the receiver within 3-4 hours,while an urgent telegram can reach the destination even quicker with an even more expensive

9、 charge.1.3 Charge of TelegramsnTelegrams are charged by the number of words transmitted,the class of telegrams sent,and the localities destined for.Natural words(e.g.:meeting,conference,invoice),abbreviations(e.g.:ABV,INFO,EXCHR)and compoundings(e.g.:BESTOFFER,CABLEREPLY TWODOZENOF)are all“words”in

10、 telegrams,every ten letters can be counted as a“word”.If the number of letters in a word is more than 10,but less than 20,it must be counted as two“words”in the telegrams,for example,“SEWINGMACHINES”can be counted as two words.1.4 Structure of a TelegramnTheEnglishtelegramsmainlyconsistofthreeparts

11、:n(1)Receivers name and addressna.MAGGIEJONES110EAST25THSTREETNEWYORK,NY,USA.nb.KENSCHEESEHOUSE34CHATLEYAVENUESEATTLE,WA98765(Thetelegramissenttoanorganization,sothetelegraphicaddressorthenameoftheorganizationshouldbeused.)nc.(URGENT)KENSCHEESEHOUSE34CHATLEYAVENUESEATTLE,WA98765(Ifitisanurgenttelegr

12、am,theword“URGENT”shouldbeplacedbeforethetelegraphicaddress.)1.4 Structure of a Telegramn(2)Body of the telegramnCHEESEPRICEACCEPTABLEWILLORDERPROVIDEDSHIPMENTENDOFMAYPLSREPLYBYCABLEn(3)Senders name or telegraphic addressnGARMEXCN(上海服装进出口公司，GARMEXisthereceiverstelegraphicaddress;CNisthenameofthecoun

13、trywherereceiverresides)2.TelexesnTelex is the short form of“Teletypewriter”and“Exchange”,compared with telegram,which is more effective and economical.The telex equipment is installed in the subscribers office.Through teleprinter set,messages can be sent to or received from foreign countries.Due to

14、 the quick and convenient service,telex has been widely used in the international business in recent years.2.1 Characteristics of Telexesn(1)Telexcanmakethecallingandthecalledpartiespractically“talkonpaper”.Moreover,sincethetelexequipmentworksautomatically,itcanreceivemessageswiththemachineleftunatt

15、ended,andthemessagesreceivedatnightmaybefirstdealtwiththenextmorning.n(2)Abbreviation,ellipsisandtransformationareusedtosimplifywordsandphrasesinthemessageoftelexes,butcombinationsaregenerallynotused,eachwordisseparatedbyaspace.2.1 Characteristics of Telexesn(3)In the message of telexes,either punct

16、uation marks(except;)or symbols(except$,%,)or words COMMA,STOP,ETC.can be used,but using punctuation marks is more common.n(4)In the message of telexes,several matters can be stated either one after another preceded by AAA(or 111 or A,or 1),BBB(or 222 or B,or 2)etc.,or passage without any preceding

17、signals.2.2 Kinds of TelexesnTelexescanbedividedintotwokinds,oneiswritteninnaturalwordsasashortletter,andtheotherisratherbriefsomewhatlikeatelegraminsimplifiedwords.2.3 Charge of TelexesnTelex is charged by the time engaged in transmission.The minimum charge for a telex is fixed on the basis of one

18、minute.About 400 letters can be transmitted every minute.2.4 Structure of a TelexnThe structure of a telex is different from that of a telegram;it generally includes the following parts.nTelex No._nUrgent or Top Urgent _nDate _n(To)Receivers Company and Country _n(From)Senders Company and Country _n

19、Our Ref.No._nAttention Line(ATIN)_nSubject of the Telex(RE or SUB)_nBody of the Telex _nThe Complimentary Clause _nThe Closing Clauses _nName,Title&Telex No._nTime _II.Procedure of Drafting a TelegramnWhendraftingtelegrams,wehavetobearinmindthethreeCs,i.e.clearness,concisenessandcourtesy.Neverusetwo

20、wordsifonewordwilldo.Atelegramshouldalwaysbeconcise.Ofcourse,weshouldneveromitawordattheexpenseofclearness.Clearnessshouldalwaysbeputinthefirstplace.Whennecessary,theword“please”maybeadded.Alwaysbepolite,atelegrammustnotsoundlikeanorderoracommand.Thiswouldoffendyourcustomers.Therefore,specialcaremus

21、tbetakentoseethatthewordsusedarecorrectandwillnotcauseanymisunderstandingtotherecipient.nTheprocedurerecommendedforbeginnerstofollowindraftingtelegramsconsistsoffourstepsasoutlinedbelow:II.Procedure of Drafting a Telegramn1.Makeaconcisedraftofwhatyouwanttosayinatelegram.Inordertosaveexpenses,weshoul

22、dreducethenumberofwordsinatelegramtotheminimumnecessaryfortransmittingthemostessentialpartofthemessage,leavingthelessurgentparticulars,explanations,etc.toasupplementaryletter,ifnecessary.n2.Adjustthewordingofyourmessageandcrossoutthewordsthattheaddresseecaneasilysupplyfromthecontext.II.Procedure of

23、Drafting a Telegramn3.Substitute as far as you can short words,compounds and abbreviations for longer words and phrases.n4.Combine the words,abbreviations,etc.in your final draft into groups consisting of not more than 10 letters or 10 characters comprising letters,figures and signs.III.Specimens of

24、 TelegramsnInquirynINTERESTED2000MTEACHREDBEANSGREENBEANS19CROPINBULKANDGUNNYBAGSSTATINGINDETAILDESCRIPTNORIGINnOffernSEWMACHINEBUTTERFLYNOSUPPLYOFFERINGINSTEAD200SETSSTANDARDBRANDUSD20CIFSINGAPOREJUNESHIPMTCABLEREPLYnNoGoodsAvailablenYLJULY5NORTHCHINASHEEPSKINSUNAVAILABLEREVERTINGnCounterOffernYLJU

25、LY16PRICEHIGHPLSREDUCEBYTWOPCTIII.Specimens of TelegramsnConfirmationnYC16AUGWWRITGPAPER10MTOCTSHIPMTCONFIRMEDPLSRUSHL/CnPressingforL/CnORDER589GOODSREADYPLSRUSHLCnAskingforL/CAmendmentnLC1859PLSAMENDALLOWINGTRANSHIPMTnAboutShipmentnLC103SHIPPEDSSDATONGSAILING20INSTPLSINSUREnShippingAdvicenSC9988FOR

26、EVERBIKESSHIPD15MAYSSVICTORYETAENDMAYnClaimnORDER13BRASSBEDSARRIVEDDULLFINISHUSELESSPLSREPLACEIV.How to Compose TelexnTeletypewritersprintincapitallettersonly.Theycannotunderscoreanywords,andthekeyboarddoesnotcontaincertainsignssuchasdollarsandampersand.Whendraftingtelexmessages,weshouldbeartheabove

27、inmind.nAsweknow,telexcallsarechargedonatimebasis.Tominimizethecostoftelextransmission,therefore,weshouldlearntomakethemessageasbrieforconciseaspossible,usingshortwordsthatrequirelesstimeintransmitting.nTosumup,thefollowingarethetechniquesrecommendedforbeginnerstofollowincomposingcommercialtelexes:I

28、V.How to Compose TelexnOmitunnecessaryarticles,pronouns,auxiliaryverbs,linkingverbs,conjunctions,prepositions,punctuationmarks,etc.nUseprefixesandsuffixessuchasun-,in-,de-,dis-,non-,mis-,under-,counter-,over-,-ing,-ed,-able,-y,-al,-ible,-ment,-tion,-sion,-ful,etc.tomakethemessagebrief.nShortenthemes

29、sagebystructuraldevices.IV.How to Compose Telexna.Substitutephraseswithsinglewords,e.g.nIF=intheeventofnb.Substituteclausesbyparticiples,e.g.nONECLNTENQRREQSTGGNRLINFRMTNRESEWMACHINEn(Oneofourclientssentusanenquiryinwhichherequestedgeneralinformationregardingoursewingmachines.)nc.Deleteunnecessarywo

30、rdsandrewritethemessage,e.g.nWLCNCLCONTRACTUNLESSRPLRCVDENDJUN.n(WeareafraidthatthecontractwillhavetobecancelledifyourreplydoesnotreachusbytheendofJune.)nd.Usedifferentformsoftheverbtoconveythemeaningofcertainactions.V.Specimens of TelexesnPLSADVCOSTSNBUILDGTERMIFVPLACEODRFORELECTRICTYPEWRITERYREND.

31、nWUDITBEPOSSIBLPRCHSESTEELPLATENIFSOWHENCLDDLVRYBEEXPECTDALSODESIREKNOWVALUEOFPRCHSEPRICE.nVQTESUBJCFMNONSHARPAIRCONDITIONERTIROLAH22-BIFATL350/UNITCIFLDNSHPTW/I5WKSAFTREPTODRLC.nABVOFRVALDTWOWKSENDGJUN45PMBUTANYIMPTARIFFCHANGEYRRISKNA/C.V.Specimens of TelexesnREYRMDL45PLSDISCNT30PCTASSIMLRPRODTSSOL

32、DHEREABT15DLRSLOWERTHANYRSCANSELLOVER200PERMONTHIFABVDISCNTGIVEN.nYTDF-1005FEB/5UNIVERSEXYRBID10PCTCUTONOUROFRTOUSD5000/UNITCIFSFISINTERABLETOUSBCAUSOURSISBESTPSBLPRICEBUTINVIEWNEEDTODVLPOURMKTINYRTOWNNJPNSDULLEXPTRADEACPTGYRBIDTHISONCEHOPEEARCONCLSNOFCONTRPLSOON.nTKSYTJUN30ACPTDOUROFRUNDER5PCTCUTTE

33、RMSXUPONSTUDYAGRDTOYRBIDNIMDTLYPREPAREDSALESNOTEWHICHVMAILDTODAYPLSFINDITINODRRPLSOON.V.Specimens of TelexesnYRMAY6ODR100B/SSILKPRODTSHASBEENLOADDONSSCHIMINGETDQINGDAOJUN10HOPETHEYWLBFOUNDINODRUPONARVLXCYINYB/LINSPOLICYTOBEMAILDLATERWITHCFMNLTRTKS.nTKSYTNOV20COLORTVSUNRISE18MODELA-3XYRBIDUSD800/UNIT

34、CIFSFACDGMKRAPERILOUSPRICERISKGLOSSUNDERPRESENTHIGHYENEXCHRATEUSD180SOSUGSTINCROFYRODRFM30TO40XIFUAGRREADYYRBIDRPLSOON.nRGRTSHPTYRODR30STEROSETSPROJECT770HASBEENPUTOFFTOMAYVFOUNDNOAPRVSLAVLBLFORNYNHADNOCHOICEBUTHOLDGOODSINJPNFORONEMONTHDEEPLYAPOLOGZSUCHDELAYWHICHPLSACK.VI.Exercisesn1.Translatethefol

35、lowingtelegramintoChinese:1.YC25KRAFTPAPER10M/TSHPMTAUGACCEPTEDOTHERITEMSWORKING2.YC18BICYCLECONFIRMEDSEWMACHINEREVERTING3.PLSCABLESEWMACHINELICENCEPOSITIONAWAITGLC4.LC1414SHIPPEDS/SREDSEAETAENDOCTPLSINSUREWRITING5.LC1218PLSAMEND2000PAIRTOPEAD2000DZPAIRVI.Exercisesn2.Transcribethefollowingintotelexm

36、essages,usingasmanyabbreviationsasyoucan:1.Weareinterestedinpurchasing175ForeverBrandBicycles,TypeUL18.Wewishtohaveaquotation,withdiscount,costplusfreightandinsurancetoGenoa.Pleaseinformusofdeliverydateandpaymentterms.2.GoodsunderyourOrderNo.736arereadyfordispatch.Unfortunatelywehavenotyetreceivedyo

37、urpackinginstructions.Pleaseinformusofyourshippingmarksandpackingrequirementsindetailbytelex.3.WeneedreplacementsforthegoodsinCaseNo.17underOrderNo.185whichwereshippedpers.s.Mersey.Thegoodsarebadlydamaged,butwedontknowthecauseyet.Weshallletyouknowassoonaswehavethesurveyorsreport.Supplementary materi

38、al:Fax and E-mailnI.IntroductionnFaxesandE-mailsarecontributingalottotheinternationalbusiness.Asbuyersandsellersareresidingindifferentcountriesandseparatedbythousandsofmiles,convenient,quickandeconomicalelementsallshouldbetakenintoconsiderationininternationaltrade,andfaxesandE-mailscanjustmeetthesen

39、eeds.1.FaxesnA fax(short for facsimile and sometimes called telecopying)is a device that can send or receive pictures and text over a telephone line.It is the transmission of scanned-in printed material(text or images),usually to a telephone number associated with a printer or other output device.A

40、fax machine consists of an optical scanner for digitizing images on paper,a printer for printing incoming fax messages,and a telephone for making the connection.1.1 Characteristics of Faxesn(1)Thefaxisadigitalform,andtheinformationistransmittedaselectricalsignalsthroughthetelephonesystem.Thereceivin

41、gfaxmachinereconvertsthecodedimageandprintsapapercopyofthedocument.n(2)Faxmachinesareconvenientandsimpletouse,allyouneedtooperateisatelephone.Whenyouaresendingamessage,youjustneeddialthetelephonenumberatthereceivingterminalandpushthetransmitbutton.1.1 Characteristics of Faxesn(3)Faxmachineshavenokey

42、board,soyoushouldpreparethemessageonatypewriter,computer,orwordprocessorandaddanygraphicsbeforeputtingthefinisheddocumentonthefaxmachine.n(4)Faxcanbecommunicatedasfastasinternationalphonecallandtelex.Itisa24-hourserviceandthemessagecanbereceivedunattended.n(5)Comparedwiththetelegramandtelex,thelangu

43、ageinafaxisjustthesameasaletter,itdoesnotneedtouseabbreviations.1.2 Charge of FaxesnSincethefaxhasitsownscannerandprinter,anditisoperatedbyatelephone.Thechargeisdependedonthetimeamessageisprinted.Thetransmissionofonepageischeaperthantelex.1.3 Layout of a FaxnAfaxconsistsoftwoparts:faxheadingandfaxbo

44、dy.Thebodyofafaxmayfollowthelayoutofaformalbusinessletter,itendswiththesignatureofthesender,butunlikealetter,thesalutationandcomplimentaryclosearenormallyomitted.Faxheadingusuallyincludesthefollowingparts:nRecipientsname/titlenCompanynameofrecipientnSendersname/titlenDateofsendingnFaxnumbernSubjectl

45、inenNumberofpages2.E-mailsnE-mailstandsfor“electronicmail”;itisamethodofcomposing,sending,storing,andreceivingmessagesoverelectroniccommunicationsystems.WiththewideuseoftheInternetandthedevelopmentoftheelectronicbusiness,mostpeopleliketodobusinessonthenetande-mailiswidelyusedinmodernbusinesscircles.

46、2.1.Characteristics of E-mailsn(1)E-mailisthemosteffectivemeansoftransmittingmessagesthroughthecomputernetwork,anditmakesyougetthemessageinafewsecondsandreplyatonceasifyouarehavingaconversationonthephone.n(2)Ifyouwanttousethee-mail,youmusthaveane-mailaddress.Thisaddressmusthavelettersanddotsanda“”(m

47、eaning“at”).Thisiswhatanaddresslookslike:.Youcanwriteamessage,typeinthereceiverse-mailaddress,andthensendthemessageacrosstheInternet.Peopledontneedtousestamps,envelopesorgotothepostofficesincetheinventionoftheInternet.2.1.Characteristics of E-mailsn(3)E-mailmessagescanbestoredinthecomputersystem,ift

48、heusersdonotcancelthem.n(4)Ane-mailistobebrief,clearandtothepointanditshouldfitintoonescreen.Ifyouwanttosendlongorcomplexdocuments,youshouldattachthemtothemessage.n(5)Ane-mailismuchlessformalthanawrittenletter.Emailsareusuallyshortandconcise,abbreviatedverbforms(Hes,Were,Hed,etc.)canbeusedhere.Asimp

49、le“Hello”isadequateifyouarewritingtosomeoneyoudontknow.Whenwritingtosomeoneyouknowwell,feelfreetowriteasifyouarespeakingtotheperson.2.2.Charge of an E-mailnE-mailismuchquickerandcheaperthansendinganordinaryletter.Thereceiveronlyneedacomputerequipmenttoacceptonesmessage,oncetheequipmentisinplace,ther

50、eareusuallysavingsincopying,long-distantdelivery,andothertraditionalcosts.2.3.Layout of an E-mailnE-mailmessagesdonothaveanall-agreed-uponformatyet;mostE-mailmessagescontainthefollowingparts:nTo:thereceiversE-mailBox（收件人）nFrom:thesendersE-mailBox（寄件人）nCc:CourtesyorCarbonCopy（被抄送人）nBcc:BlindCarbonCop