定语从句知识梳理- 高考英语一轮语法复习.docx

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1、定语从句定语的概念定语是用来描述、修饰、限定名词或代词的成分，常和名词构成名词短语。 前置定语：形容词，代词，数词，名词，名词所有格，分词定语 后置定语：形容词（修饰代词），副词，介词短语，不定式，分词短语，从句前置定语：1.Open your mouth. 2.She cut the cake into two pieces.3.This is a stone table. 4.This is Toms book.5.Put the child in the sleeping bag. 6.You should adapt to the changing situation.7.The gr

2、ound is covered with fallen leaves.后置定语1. I have got something interesting to tell every one of you.2. The building around were badly damaged.3. The books on the desk were just bought.4. Lets try another way to do this.5. There is a gentleman asking to see you.6. Most of the people invited to the pa

3、rty are famous scientists.7. He lost his new pen that was bought last week.定语从句的概念 关系代词 1. 定语从句 2.先行词 3.关系词 关系副词关系代词：that,which, who,whom,whose,as关系副词：where,when,why关系代词练习：1. He is the man _lives next door.2. Some people _are successful language learners often fail in other fields.3. I happened to m

4、eet the professor_I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday.4. Do you know the girl_Japanese is excellent.5. Please pass me the book_ cover is green.6. Please pass me the book of_ is green.7. The train _ has just left is for Shenzhen.8. The river runs through the centre of the city b

5、rings us lots of pleasure.9. This is the book_you are looking for.10. You can take as many books _ you need.11. Jeffrey is not such an intelligent person _ you think.12. This is the same book_ I lost yesterday.关系副词练习1. I still remember the time_I first traveled by plane.2. This is the mountain villa

6、ge _I lived last year.3. I dont want to listen to any reason _ you were absent.介词+关系代词1. Ill never forget the days on_we studied together.2. The year in_the earthquake happened was 1976.3. This is the house in_ I lived 10 years ago.4. Theres no reason for _we shouldnt be friends.5. Here are the ques

7、tions, some of_ I thought difficult for you.6. The lady has three sons, two of_ are doctors.7. This is the man,from_pocket I found my wallet.8. The little boy hid himself behind the door, from_he could see his mum enter the room.9. I bought a great many books,_which I spent all my money that I saved

8、.10. Travelling leather shoes is the business _which the Greens are devoted.11. Ill never forget the time_which I spent my childhood in the country.12. The computer _which I cant work broke down.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：用非限制性定语从句的情况：1. 当关系代词指代整个主句内容时，用非限制性定语从句The boy was away from home for a week,_worrie

9、d his parents very much.He was late for class again,_made the teacher very angry.2. 当先行词指世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词时，用非限制性定语从句Charles Smith,_was my former teacher,retired last year.Jinan,_is a nice city,attracts many visitors every year.非限制性定语从句练习：1. I have an elder brother,_works in Beijing.2. I earn only 100

10、0 dollars a month, half of_ is spent on my car.3. I have invited more than one hundred friends to the party, most of_are from abroad.4. _is often the case, little boys tend to be very active and out of control.5. Taiwan is an inseparable part of China,_is known to all.6. He tore up my photo,_ upset

11、me.7. Lily might possibly come,in_case Ill ask her.定语从句中的注意事项：1. 关系代词的省略 关系代词在从句中做宾语或表语时可省略I have never regretted the decision that/which I made years ago.The village is not the one that it was years ago.Great changes have taken place.Generation gap is a problem that people are interested in.2. 关系副词

12、的省略：先行词the place,the reason,the way后的关系副词可省略This is the place where we met years ago.The reason why he did that is quite clear.I dont like the way that you speak to me.3. 只用that不用which的情况（1） 当先行词是all,little,few,much,something,anything,everything,nothing,none,some等不定代词或被这些代词修饰时All that can be done ha

13、s been done.All the things that we can do is to give you some advice.（2） 当先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last, few, just等修饰时This is the very book that I want.（3） 先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.When people talk about Hangzhou, the first_

14、comes to mind is the West Lake.（4） 当先行词即有人又有物时The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances _they saw at the Childrens Palace.（5） 主句时以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时Which of us_ knows something about physics cannot join electric wires.Who is the man_is giving the speech?4. 用which不用that的情况The hou

15、se in_I used to live has become a shoe shop.She lost the game,_depressed her greatly.I dont like that_he did.Here is the English grammar book _, as Ive told you, will help improve your English.5. 只用who不用that的情况（1） 先行词是指人的不定代词one,ones,anyone,those时The one who flatter me dont please me.Those who have

16、good manners will be highly respected.（2） 当先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中The boy was crying hard _lost his way while looking for his mother.（3） there be结构中主语是指人的名词时There is an old man_ wants to see you.6. 分隔式定语从句（1） There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.（2） Do you remember o

17、ne afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace.（3） A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach your German.定语从句真题专练：1.（2020江苏）Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free.2.（2020天津） Dr. Rowan, _ secretary resigned two weeks ago,

18、 has had to do all his own typing.3.（2020新课标卷） In ancient China lived an artist_paintings were almost lifelike.4.(2019江苏卷) We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.5.(2019天津卷)11.Their child is at the stage_ she can say single words but not full sentences.6.(2019新课标III

19、卷)They were well trained by their teachers_had great experience.7.(2019北京卷)The students benefiting most from college are those_are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.8.(2022.新高考全国I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species_live within the Giant Panda Range。9.(2022.北京卷)That includes cups, bottles,and bags,most of_are only good for one use.10.（2022.全国甲卷）On the 1100 kilometer journey,the man Cao Shengkang,_lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.5学科网（北京）股份有限公司