阅读理解-上海市2021年中考英语真题&模拟卷分题型分类汇编（共18题）.pdf

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1、20阅 读 理 解-上 海 市 2021年 中 考 英 语 真 题&模 拟 卷 分 题 型 分 类 汇 编-人 物 故 事 类 阅 读（共 1小 题）1.（2021静 安 区 二 模）Mapping out the futureLast summer,my parents and I took a drive to another state.Before we started on our roadtrip,we packed up the car with snacks,water,and music.Thankfully,we also packed our GPS.Afew hours

2、 into the trip,we took a wrong turn.But our trusty GPS pulled up a map of the areaand got us back on track in no time.It made me wonder：Who creates maps in the first place?After some searching online.I learned that the people responsible for mapping out roads,mountains,oceans,and other places around

3、 the world are called cartographers.I did some readingabout the career.Here，s what I found：What does a cartographer do?Cartographers,also called mapmakers,study and interpret（诠 释）geographic information.Theyuse this information to make detailed maps of places around the globe.Some of these maps aredi

4、gital.They are often used in GPS systems.Other maps are printed in books.To do their work,cartographers put together information from many different places.They also use groundsurveys.Some do ground surveys themselves.Most cartographers,however,rely on surveyors forthis important information.Surveyo

5、rs col lect information for mapmaking.They measure land,airspace,and water areas.What does it take to be a cartographer?Most cartographers have a bachelors（学 士）degree.The degree might be in cartography,geography,or something similar.Students who are interested in becoming cartographers shouldlearn a

6、s much as they can about geography.It also helps to take courses in maths and computerscience.With the rise of computer-based tools such as GPS systems,cartographers need strongercomputer skills than they did in the past.How much do cartographers make?The average yearly salary for cartographers is$5

7、4,000.The lowest 10 percent earns lessthan$32,000.The top 10 percent earns more than$92,000.（5）_In the U.S.,job opportunities for cartographers are expected to grow.This is due to theincreasing use of maps in the armed forces.Also,digital maps have increasingly become a mainpart of many GPS systems

8、and Web sites.Based on what Ive read about cartographers,Id say that their work is very important to第 1 页 共 7 4 页a lot of people.Next time a map keeps me from getting lost,F 11 be sure to thank a cartographer!(1)In Para 1,the author included his experience in order to.A.prove that a GPS is only need

9、ed when driving to another placeB.show that it is important to pack snacks for a tripC.provide a reason why a mapmakers work is importantD.show that the GPS is not always reliable(2)The author talked about cartographers from aspects.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six.(3)Surveyors can do all these following th

10、ings except.A.do ground surveysB.collect informationC.do some mappingD.do some measuring(4)Elizabeth begins working as a cartographer with a starting salary of$34,000.Every year,her salary increases by$1,500.If she continues in this position,her salary will be forher 12 year of work.A.of the lowest

11、10 percentB.of the top 10 percentC.of averageD.below average(5)What best fits the blank?A.Will more cartographers be needed?B.Will the cartographers be replaced by robots?C.Why is it hard for cartographers to find jobs?D.Why do cartographers make different maps?(6)The article would be most useful as

12、 a source for a student research project on.A.influential jobs for computermenB.career possibilities for people who dislike mathsC.famous explorers and mapmakersI),career choosing for people interested in geography第 2 页 共 7 4 页二.史 地 常 识 类 阅 读（共 1小 题）2.（2021.长 宁 区 二 模）Beautiful Lake Charles State Par

13、k runs along the western shores of LakeCharles.It is at the base of the Ozark Mountains.The lake has many kinds of fish.People who visitthe park enjoy camping,hiking,picnicking,boating,swimming,and fishing.The park became partof the Arkansas State Parks system in 1963.What to Do at the ParkCamping a

14、nd Picnicking There are 61 campsites.They are placed all around the lake,amongthe trees.Every site has electricity and running water.Bathrooms are only a short walk fromeach camp.Near the swim beach is a large picnic area.In the picnic area,children can have funin a playground with swings,slides,and

15、 other fun equipment there.Trails The Park has three lovely walking trails：Cedar Trail,White Oak Trail,and the Bloomsand Butterflies Trail.Cedar Trail is a paved trail that stretches over 1/4 miles.White Oak Trail makes a loop around the lake.This loop is a more difficult hike than CedarTrail.White

16、Oak Trail branches off（分 支）from the Butterflies and Blooms Trail.The Butterflies and Blooms Trail starts at the Visitor s Center.Can you guess what you willsee on this trail?You，re right!You will see wild flowers and wildlife,including birds andbutterflies.Fishing,Swimming,and Boating The Lake Charl

17、es covers 645 acres and contains large numbersof fish.Can you guess what kinds of fish might catch?If you guessed bass,catfish,or crappie,you5 re right!The park offers guided lake tours on boats.If you enjoy water sports,Lake CharlesState Park is the place for you!（1）Beautiful Lake Charles State Par

18、k.A.is on the top of the Ozark MountainsB.runs across the Lake CharlesC.was first built in 1963D.belongs to the Arkansas State Parks system（2）What isnt mentioned about the campsite in the park?A.There are 61 campsites in the park.第 3 页 共 7 4 页B.There is electricity and running water in each siteC.It

19、s easy for visitors to find bathrooms there.D.Children must bring their own equipment for fun.(3)The underlined word loop(in Para.4,Line 1)most probably means”A.a hill with many treesB.a round-shape roadC.a straight way with stonesD.the centre in the trails(4)From the article,we know that Lake Charl

20、es State Park has many.A.books for saleB.museum exhibitsC.outdoor activitiesD.different celebrations(5)You can read the article most probably in.A.a tourist guideB.a science fictionC.a Geography bookD.a novel(6)Which is the most likely reason you would read this article?A.You need directions to this

21、 park.B.You are doing a research on fishing.C.You are planning to visit the park.D.You want to compare state and national parks.三.科 普 知 识 类 阅 读(共 4 小 题)3.(2021浦 东 新 区 二 模)Choose the best answer(根 据 短 文 内 容，选 择 最 恰 当 的 答 案)Your body is more than what you see when you look in the mirror-BrainThe brain

22、 allows us to experience the Skinoutside world.We remember,have We all have skin.It covers our whole bodyfeelings,solve problems,and control and lets the good things in and the badour bodies in our brain.Nerves(神 things out.Its our first line of经)from our senses send signals to the protection agains

23、t the outsidebrain to let the brain know what is environment.Just like our eyes,nose,going on in the outside world.The and ears,it houseone of our five senses.第 4 页 共 7 4 页brain also sends signals to muscles by It also absorbs sunlight for vitamin D andusing nerves in order to make our body heat.mov

24、e.The brain may not move,but it needslots of energy.Energy is sent to thebrain by blood.The brain actually usesaround 20%of the body，s energy.Muscles(肌 肉)Muscles are how we move and live.Allmovement in the body is controlled bymuscles.Skeletal muscles help us tomove around.Smooth muscles controlorga

25、ns within our body,Cardiac muscleis special.It can pump our heart andblood.(1)What can nerves do in our body?A.They can control signalB.They can deliver signals.C.They can move our bodyD.They can feel the outside world.(2)To get enough energy,the brain must need the help of o u r.A.musclesB.sensesC.

26、nervesD.blood(3)According to the passage,which part(s)of our body is the largest one?A.Brain.B.Eyes.C.Skin.第 5 页 共 7 4 页D.Nose.(4)The underlined word house/means.A.takes charge ofB.turns onC.gives upD.puts off(5)How many types of muscles are mentioned in the passage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.(6)Which of the f

27、ollowing can be put in the in the first sentence?A.Your heart beats over 10,000 times a dayB.There are many different parts that have different jobsC.Our body uses 5 different systems to work properlyD.Our body looks the same on the left as it does on the right side4.(2021杨 浦 区 二 模)Choose the best a

28、nswer.A Fun Plant Experiment to Try at Home!Without water,plants would die.Do you know how water gets from the roots of a plant to therest of the plant?The water travels through tiny tubes that from pathways to all parts of theplant.This issimilar to how blood flows in our bodies.And here is an expe

29、riment to prove it.WMaterials Ua celery sticka sharp knifea glass of watersome red food colour(1)_1)Put a few drops of the red food colour in the glass of water.2)Cut the bottom of the celery stick and place the celery in the water.第 6 页 共 7 4 页D 3)Leave the celery stick in the glass of water for se

30、veral hours.4)Remove the celery stick and cut it into pieces horizontally,that is,across the stem(茎).ObservationRed food colour is present in all cross sections from the bottom of the celery stick right upto the leaves.ExplanationThe water,along with the red food colour,has been transported up the c

31、elery stick through thetiny tubes in it.The experiment,therefore,proves that tiny tubes in plants enable water toreach all parts of the plant.The red food colour shows where the water has travelled to in thecelery stick.(1)The type of the text is.A.a reviewB.an advertisementC.a menuD.an instruction(

32、2)What best fits the blank?A.FormB.ScheduleC.StepsD.Tips(3)What do you observe when the celery stick is cut into cross sections?A.The inside of the celery stick is empty.B.The water in the glass has disappeared.C.The celery stick has become bigger.D.All the cross sections have become red.(4)“BloocTi

33、n the bodies is compared to“in the plant.A.waterB.the leavesC.the stemD.the root(5)In the experiment,why is red food colour added to the water?A.It makes the celery stick look nicer.B.The waters path in a plant can be seen.第 7 页 共 7 4 页C.The plant needs food colour to survive.D.It helps the plant to

34、 transport the water.（6）The experiment aims to show.A.how to colour a stick of celeryB.that plants would die without waterC.how water travels through a plantD.that science experiments are fun to do5.（2021 普 陀 区 二 模）Many doctors say sleep can change our health.If we want our bodies to workwell,we nee

35、d sleep.If people don，t have enough sleep,they can suffer from depression and illnesssuch as heart disease.The most obvious（明 显 的）effect of not having enough sleep is to make us weaker and it makesit harder to fight illness,in other words,people who do not sleep enough are more likely toget sick or

36、ill.Studies in the USA have found that 60 percent of the adults often have sleep problems.Amongthem,more than 20 percent say that they feel sleepy in the daytime and that makes their livesdifficult.At least 40 million people in the USA suffer from sleep problems that need treatment,but very few of t

37、hem actually go to a doctor about it.So what are the things that affect sleep?Well,firstly,there is noise.If there are noisessuch as barking dogs,dripping（滴 水）taps or loud music,you will probably find it difficultto sleep.What is interesting is that women seem to notice more than men,while youngchil

38、dren do not notice noise so much as adults.If you are sitting on a chair,you will find it very difficult to sleep.But you will probablyhave no problem falling asleep if you are on a bed.This is another thing that affects sleep.Weneed to be horizontal and we need to have enough space.A third thing af

39、fecting sleep is temperature.You may have noticed that you have difficultysleeping if it is very hot or cold.Altitudecan change the way we sleep as well.If you are at an altitude of over 4,000 m,you need to breathe differently because you don，t have as much oxygen.It will take you abouttwo weeks to

40、get used to this.If you want to sleep well,please do not exercise before you go to bed or drink coffee.Wehope this helps.Sleep well!（1）According to the passage,if you dont have enough sleep,the most obvious effect iseasily.A.to forget things第 8 页 共 7 4 页B.to get angryC.to gain weightD.to become ill(

41、2)According to the studies in the USA,of the adults often suffer from sleep problem.A.20%B.40%C.60%D.80%(3)In a family of four,is most likely to be affected by a dripping tap while sleeping.A.the motherB the fatherC.the four-year-old daughterD.the seven-year-old son(4)If a person is,it would be easi

42、er for him to fall asleep.A.on a chair a cold roomB.on a chair in a warm roomC.on a bed in a warm roomD.on a bed in a hot room(5)What is the closest in meaning to the underlined word altitude in paragraph 7?A.ageB.heightC.weightD.length(6)The passage is most probably taken from a section called of a

43、 newspaper.A.Shopping guideB.Healthy lifeC.Business CenterD.Sports news6.(2021 黄 浦 区 二 模)Does the music we listen to affect us in one way or another?The followingquestions and answers may give us some ideas.CAN MUSIC HELP US SLEEP?Obviously,yes!In a study,music was shown to cure insomnia(the conditi

44、on of being unableto sleep).Over 80%of the people taking part in the study became better sleepers after threeweeks of listening to classical music at bedtime.In another study,half of the people overthe age of 60 who had difficulty falling asleep reported that they became good sleepers after第 9 页 共 7

45、4页a few weeks.So,if youre battling to fall asleep,make yourself a 45-minute playlist ofslow,calming music.CAN IT TAKE PAIN AWAY?Well,maybe not totally,but music has been shown to help us feel better.One experimentasked people to hold their hands in freezing cold water.The people who were listening t

46、o musiccould handle the pain for longer,especially if they got to choose the music themselves.Thesame was found at dentists rooms-patients felt less pain if they got to choose the music theylistened to.CAN MUSIC MAKE US ACT DIFFERENTLY?For sure!Think about the music you hear when you re at the shops

47、 or at a restaurant.Studiesshow that playing slow music at a restaurant makes you eat slower.The pace of music in a shoppingcenter determines(decides on)how fast people walk-you take more time to browse(look atthings in a shop)if the music is calmer.Some studies have even shown that music can influe

48、ncewhat you buy.One test done by psychologists in England in 1999 changed the background musicnear displays of German and French wines.When they played German music,the German wine soldtwice as much.When French music was used,the French wine sold five times better!(1)Music affects us in many ways ex

49、cept i n.A.sleepB.studyC.sensesD.behaviour(2)music may help people who have problems in falling asleep.A.LoudB.DanceC.ClassicalD.Pop(3)The underlined word handle is closest in meaning t o.A.keep offB.break downC.focus onD.deal with(4)From the third question and answer,we can learn t h a t.A.fast mus

50、ic make people eat moreB.loud music is popular in the shopping center第 1 0 页 共 7 4 页C.German wines sell better than French winesD.music can change our way of eating and shopping(5)The text above is written t o.A.tell people how to create musicB.describe different kinds of musicC.introduce the effect