2020年英语国家概况练习题.pdf

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1、UKTrue or False1.The United Kingdom is located in northern Europe.2.The United Kingdom consists of four politicaldivisions 一 England,Scotland,Wales and Ireland.3.England is one of the two large islands in the BritishIsles.4.The British Isles are made up of three large islandsand hundreds of small on

2、es.5.Wales lies on the east coast of the island of GreatBritain.6.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free associationof independent countries that all used to be coloniesof Britain.7.In Scotland,rugged mountains,green valleys,anddeep,blue lakes provide some of the most beautifulscenery in Europe.8.The

3、 longest river in Britain is the Thames.9.The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh innorthwest England.10.Britain s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream,awarm ocean current that sweeps up from theequator and flows past the British Isles.FFFFFFTFFT1.The British Isles are made up of.A.three

4、large islands and hundreds of small onesB.three large islands and dozens of small onesC.two large islands and hundreds of small onesD.two large islands and dozens of small ones2.Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island ofGreat Britain?A.England.B.Scotland.C.Northern Ireland.D

5、.Wales.3.Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel inthe and the North Sea in the east.A.eastB.southC.westD.north4.The Republic of Ireland was totally independent in the year.A.1920B.1945C.1918D.19495.The highest mountain in Britain,Ben Nevis,lies in.A.the HighlandsB.the So

6、uthern UplandsC.the Central LowlandsD.the Lake District6.The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or theCommonwealth of Nations in.A.1921B.1931C.1945D.19507.The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone ofA.EnglandB.ScotlandC.Great BritainD.Ireland8.The regional ca

7、pital of Northern Ireland is.A.GlasgowB.EdinburghC.CardiffD.BelfastCCBDABADB1.The English,the Scots,and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons,but the Irishare Celts.2.London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest ofthe United Kingdom because of their large population.3.People of Indian,Pakis

8、tani,and Bangladeshi origin are the largestgroup of immigrants in Britain.4.Compared to the rest of the world,the UK has a smaller percentage ofolder people and a higher percentage of younger people.5.The Welsh language is the official language in Wales.6.Scottish Gaelic is the official language in

9、Scotland.7.The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland.8.English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accentsin order to sound like educated English-speaking people.9.Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property.10.Britishness is assoc

10、iated with political,historical,technological,sporting,and cultural achievements in Britain.FTTFTFTFFT1.The English people and the English language were born from theunion of.A.the Angles and the SaxonsB.Romans and the Norman FrenchC.Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD.Norman conquerors and the

11、defeated Anglo-Saxons2.The first known settlers of Britain wer e.A.the IberiansB.the Beaker FolkC.the CeltsD.the Romans3.About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an a nc i e nt.A.Scottish languageB.English languageC.Irish languageD.Celtic language4.About three million people have migrated to Britain

12、 since World WarIL They are mainly from the West Indies,India and.A.IndonesiaB.SingaporeC.Hong KongD.Pakistan5.In Britain of the population is urban and is rural.A.90%;10%B.80%;20%C.70%;30%D.60%;40%6.The ancestors of the Welsh were the anci ent.A.CeltsB.RomansC.NormansD.Britons7.The average populati

13、on density in Britain is people per squarekilometer.A.250B.370C.800D.5008.During the 5th century when the Roman Empire fell,the Germanicinvaded and conquered Britain.A.Angles and CeltsB.Angles and PictsC.Angles and BrythonsD.Angles and Saxons9.The upper class in Britain consists of the following exc

14、eptA.peerageB.gentryC.landownersD.professionals10.“Britishness“can be reflected in the following exceptA.Union JackB.conservativenessC.the BeatlesD.Thanksgiving DayDADDAAADDD1.The first Roman invasion took place in 43 AD,headed by the EmperorJulius Caesar.2.The name“England“derived from the Angles,o

15、ne of the Germanictribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries.3.The Magna Carta defined the King s feudal rights,preventing himfrom arbitrarily collecting revenue.4.The Black Death once ravaged England,carrying off three fourths ofthe population.5.During Edward III s reign,the war with F

16、rance known as the HundredYears War began.6.The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crownbetween the rival houses of York and Lancaster.7.Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and she wasdetermined to make England once again a Protestant country8.James son,Charles I,w

17、ho succeeded him in 1625,also thought thathis right to rule was God-given.9.The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was acase of economic penetration.FTTFTTFTT1.In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William s army onSenlac field near.A.LondonB.NormandyC.StandfordD.Hastings

18、2.The Plantagenet Dynasty was founded by.A.HenryB.Henry IIC.King JosephD.Count of Anjor3.English Reformation was carried out by to change the religionin England from Catholicism to Protestantism.A.Edward VIB.Henry VIIIC.Mary ID.Elizabeth I4.King John was forced by the barons to sign the whichrestric

19、ted the King s power.A.Bill of RightsB.Petition of RightC.Provisions of OxfordD.Great Charter5.Simon de Montfort;s reform is considered to be the beginning ofE n g l i s h.A.parliamentB.cabinetC.constitutionD.liberty6.From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth.It was ruledfirst by Oliver Cr

20、omwell as.A.Lord ProtectorB.Lieutenant GeneralC.Commander of the New Model ArmyD.President7.William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by acceptingin 1689.A.Bill of RightsB.Petition of RightC.Provisions of OxfordD.Great Charter8.The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palacew

21、hich was designed by Qu e e n s husband Albert.A.MaryB.Elizabeth IC.VictoriaD.Anne9.The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germanyis.A.ChurchillB.ChamberlainC.MacDonaldD.MacmillanDBBDA AACA1.Although the monarch does not have any real power,he(or she)doeshave great influence.2

22、.Britain does not have a written constitution.3.Each Member of Parliament represents a constituency,and holds hisseat during the life of a Parliament.4.The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law canbe made.5.The party which wins the second largest number of seats in the Houseof Lo

23、rds becomes the official Opposition.6.Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of thePrime Minister.7.The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party andthe Liberal Democratic Party.8.Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at thesame time.TTT

24、FFTFF1.The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPTA.Commonwealth lawB.statute lawC.common lawD.ancient documents2.The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and hasabout Members of Parliament.A.650B.660C.670D.6803.British Conservative Party was formerly called Party in the

25、18th century.A.WhigB.ToryC.LiberalD.Nationalist4.The United Kingdom is governed in the name of,byA.the King;the Prime MinisterB.the Queen;the Prime MinisterC.the Prime Minister;His or Her Majesty s GovernmentD.the Sovereign;His or Her Majesty s Government5.is the u supreme governor n of the Church o

26、f England.A.The monarchB.The Archbishop of YorkC.The Archbishop of CanterburyD.The Roman Pope6.In Britain the citizens aged or over have the right tovote.A.16B.18C.21D.307.By tradition,the leader of the majority party is appointedby the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A.Prime MinisterB.Member of Par

27、liamentC.Lord of AppealD.Speaker of the House8.The Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the SocialDemocratic Party and.A.the Conservative PartyB.the Labour PartyC.the Liberal PartyD.the Green Party9.Parliament has the following functions EXCEPT.A.making lawB.authorizing taxation and public

28、 expenditureC.declaring warD.examining the actions of the governmentAABDA BACC1.Although Britain is a unitary state,it does not have a single legalsystem.2.A Magistrates Court sits with a jury.3.In Scotland,all appeals are heard by three or more judges of the HighCourt of Justiciary.4.Officers in Gr

29、eat Brain do not normally carry firearms.5.London,s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of theLord Chancellor.6.The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are theCounty Courts.7.House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law.8.Lord Chancel

30、lor is the highest court officer in Britain.9.Unless the case with which an arrested person is charged is veryserious,he will usually be granted bail if he cannot be brought before thecourt within a day.10.If a person is charged with murder,and hasinsufficient means,he must be granted legal aidTFFTF

31、 TFFTT1.All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal lawpresumes the of the accused until he has been proven guiltybeyond reasonable doubt.A.guiltB.impartialityC.innocenceD.honesty2.In England,Wales,and Northern Island,peoplebetween the age of and 70 whose names appear on theelect

32、oral register are liable for jury service and their names are chosen atrandom.A.18B.19C.20D.213.The jury consists of ordinary,independent citizens summoned by thecourt:12 in England,Wales and Northern Island,and inScotland.A.12B.13C.14D.154.Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided by.A.t

33、he policemenB.the juryC.the judgeD.the sheriff5.The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland isA.the Supreme Court of the United KingdomB.the Court of AppealC.the High Court of JusticiaryD.the House of Lords6.In England and Wales the highest judicial appointments are made byth

34、e Queen on the advice of.A.the Lord ChancellorB.the Home SecretaryC.the Prime MinisterD.the Attorney General7.Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried inA.the Magistrates CourtB.the Court of AppealC.the High CourtD.the Crown Court8.The three lay magistrates that make up a Magistrates?Cou

35、rt inBritain are known asA.Justices of the PeaceB.stipendiary magistratesC.Justices of LawD.part-time magistrates9.The most serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried inA.the District CourtB.the Sheriff CourtC.the High Court of JusticiaryD.the Crown CourtCADBA CCAC1.A century ago the British ec

36、onomy was among the strongest in theworld.2.John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist.3.A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party,MargaretThatcher worked to increase government control over the Britisheconomy.4.In Britain service industries account for about two-thirds of

37、its grossdomestic product.5.The area between London and South Wales is often referred to asBritain s u Silicon Glenv.6.Britain imports chiefly manufactured products and exports mostly rawmaterials.7.Most of the United Kingdom s trade is with other developed countries,especially other members of the

38、European Union.8.The value of Britains exports of goods usually exceeds the value of itsimports.9.Today,the City of London is the centre of Londonwhere government departments are located.lO.The trade union movement in Britain is becomingstronger these years because of changes in the structure ofempl

39、oyment.TFFTFFTFFF1.The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and1960s was based on the theory of.A.Adam SmithB.John Maynard KeynesC.Margaret ThatcherD.Karl Marx2.Under Margaret Thatcher Britain e x p e r ie n c e d.A.economic recessionB.economic expansionC.economic declineD.economic depressio

40、n3.Which of the following is NOT true of Britain sagriculture?A.British farming is highly mechanized.B.Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C.British farming is very efficient.D.Britain s agriculture can produce enough food for itspeople.4.In Britain less than of the population are farmers.A.2%B.4%C.

41、6%D.10%5.In the Britain became a net exporter of oil.A.1960sB.1970sC.1980sD.1990s6.To stimulate economic recovery,the ThatcherGovernment carried out all the following policies butA.privatizationB.interventionismC.deregulationD.market liberalization7.Britain is the largest trading nation in the world

42、.A.thirdB.fourthC.fifthD.sixth8.British oil fields were discovered on the.A.English ChannelB.Irish SeaC.Norwegian SeaD.North Sea9.Which of the following is not included in the new industries inBritain?A.Microprocessors.B.Computers.C.Biotechnology.D.Motor vehicles.BBDAC BDDD1.The National Health Serv

43、ice(NHS)provides for every resident,regardless of income,a full range of medical services.2.The National Health Service(NHS)is now a largely free service.3.Social services authorities give help to families facing specialproblems.4.Social security benefits are increased annually in line with percenta

44、geincreases in retail prices.5.General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individualswho register with them as patients.6.In Northern Ireland,the needs of those in difficulty are met by localauthorities,who draw upon funds provided by the Department for Workand Pensions(DWP).7.Eye tes

45、ts and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are free of charge.8.Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support forthe people in difficulty.9.Most British people now live in detached houses.TTTFF FFFF1.The National Health Service(NHS)was established inthe United Kingdom in.A.1946

46、B.1947C.1948D.19492.is directly responsible for the NHS.A.Local governmentB.Central governmentC.Voluntary organizationsD.Certain social boards3.In Britain,children up to the age of canreceive family allowances for children.A.11B.12C.15D.164.In Britain,pensions for the elderly,or retirementbenefits,b

47、egin for women at the age of,A.50B.55C.60D.655.In England the NHS is managed by the.A.Department for Work and PensionsB.Department of HealthC.Social Security AgencyD.Social Services Department6.The National Health Service in Britain provides a fullrange of medical services for.A.employeesB.residents

48、 aged between 18-60C.every residentD.residents aged over 607.Social Security in the UK is the government,s mostexpensive program,costing of public funding.A.20%B.25%C.30%D.35%8.A family doctor in Britain is also known as a.A.general doctorB.general pharmacistC.general practitionerD.family practition

49、er9.In 2001 people in marriage accounted forof the adult population in Britain.A.60%B.55%C.50%D.45%10.Houses have traditionally been divided intofollowing types E X C E P T.A.detached houseB.semi-detached houseC.terraced houseD.attached houseCBDCB CCCBD1.In the UK,more than half of the Christians at

50、tend worship on a regularbasis.2.Christianity was first introduced into Britain by St.Augustine in the6th century.3.Under the Act of Settlement 1701,the British monarch is required tobe a member of the Church of England.4.The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is the Archbishopof Canterbury.5