名校模拟练02阅读理解七选五-2023年高考英语（全国通用）.pdf

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1、名校模拟练0 2 阅读理解七选五（2022江西景德镇一模）Innovation（创新）comes from environments where ideas canconnect.1?This is the very question a new information chart from Top Masters looks toanswe匚 According to the report,ground-breaking innovations have come despite the tragic effectof epidemics throughout history.This is

2、 a timely report because people are coming up with someinnovative ideas to address many of the challenges brought on by COVID-19.As epidemics go,the Black Death of the 1300s was extremely shocking.2.According to the report,it was responsible for changing the economic and social structure ofEurope an

3、d the creation of a middle class.There were other outbreaks of the plague in England later on.In 1592,L ondon faced anoutbreak that shut down theaters for six months.This led Shakespeare to start writing poetry tomake a living.3.Another plague in 1606 also closed the theatres in L ondon,and thistime

4、 Shakespeare wrote King L ear and Macbeth.In the US,the Boston smallpox epidemic of 1721 led lo the spread of variolation（天花接种）which was responsible for reducing the death rate from 14%to 2%,as well as the first stepstowards vaccines.4COVID-19 is causing serious damage around the world.And although

5、the death rate isnowhere close,the economic impact has been overwhelming.On the negative side,it hashighlighted many of the shortcoming in the health-care industry as nurses and doctors battle thevirus unfortunately under-equipped.5.Todays innovators are addressing ventilator（呼吸机）shortages by using

6、3Dprinters and designing simpler ventilators;distillers are producing hand sanitizer（消毒剂）;companies are making washable and reusable masks;app are tracking the virus and fighting thespread of misinformation.A.But does epidemics have more negative effects on the environmentB.So what kind of environme

7、nt does an epidemic create when it comes to quickening innovationC.And the debate of vaccination ushered in a new era in journalismD.With increased connectivity and technology,innovators are trying to solve many medicalproblemsE.Nowadays,health-care equipment has been made in large quantitiesF.And i

8、t was during this time that he wrote Venus and Adonis,and The Rape of L ucreG.The plague（瘟疫），as it is also known,wiped out up to 60%of the population in Europe1.B 2.G 3.F 4.C 5.D【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述在疫情形式下也有创新。1.根据上文“Innovation（创新）comes from environments where ideas can connect.”（仓 ij新来自思想可以联系的环境。）和下文“T

9、his is the very question a new infonnation chart from Top Masterslooks to answer.According to the report,ground-breaking innovations have come despite thetragic effect of epidemics throughout history.（这正是顶级大师的新信息图表所要回答的问题。根据该报告，尽管历史上流行病的悲剧性影响，但仍有突破性的创新。）可知，这里是对疫情会创造什么样的创新环境发出疑问。选 项 B“那么，在加快创新时，疫情会创造

10、什么样的环境”和上下文意思一致。故选B。2.根据上文“As epidemics go,the Black Death of the 1300s was extremely shocking.”（随着流行病的蔓延，1300年的黑死病非常令人震惊。）和下文“According to the report,it was responsiblefor changing the economic and social structure of Europe and the creation of a middle class.（报告称，它对改变欧洲的经济和社会结构以及中产阶级的产生负有责任。）可知，这一

11、段是在对 1300年的黑死病进行说明。选 项 G”正如大家所知道的那样，这场瘟疫摧毁了欧洲60%的人口”和上下文意思一致。故选G。3.根据上文“There were other outbreaks of the plague in England later on.In 1592.L ondon facedan outbreak that shut down theaters for six months.This led Shakespeare to start writing poetry tomake a living.（后来，英格兰也爆发了其他瘟疫。1592年，伦敦爆发了一场瘟疫，剧院

12、关闭了六个月。这导致莎士比亚开始写诗谋生。）和下文“Another plague in 1606 also closed thetheatres in L ondon,and this time Shakespeare wrote King L ear and Macbeth.“。606 年的另一场瘟疫也关闭了伦敦的剧院，这一次莎士比亚写了 李尔王和 麦克白。）可知，这一段主要描述英国的瘟疫促使作家们开始新作品的创作。选 项 F“正是在这段时间里，他 写 了 维纳斯与阿多尼斯和 卢克雷的强奸“和上下文意思一致。故选F。4.根据上文“In the US,the Boston smallpox e

13、pidemic of 1721 led lo the spread of variolation（天花接种）which was responsible for reducing the death rate from 14%to 2%,as well as the firststeps towards vaccines.”（在美国，1721年的波士顿天花疫情导致了天花的传播，导致死亡率从 14%降至2%,也是疫苗接种的第一步。）可知，这里提到疫苗接种的问题。选 项 C“疫苗接种的争论开创了新闻业的新时代 和上文意思一致。故选C。5.根据下文“Todays innovators are addr

14、essing ventilator（呼吸机）shortages by using 3D printersand designing simpler ventilators;distillers are producing hand sanitizer（消毒剂）;companies aremaking washable and reusable masks;app are tracking the virus and fighting the spread ofmisinformation.”（今天的创新者正在通过使用3D 打印机和设计更简单的呼吸机来解决呼吸机短缺问题；酒厂正在生产洗手液；公司

15、正在生产可清洗和可重复使用的口罩；该应用程序正在追踪病毒并阻止错误信息的传播。）可知，这一段讲述创新者在医疗问题上做出的努力。选 项 D”随着互联互通和技术的发展，创新者正试图解决许多医疗问题”和下文意思一致。故选 D。（2022 安徽模拟预测）The mascot for the Beijing Winter Olympics,Bing Dwen Dwen,hasenjoyed an increasing rise in popularity.It seems to have taken the gold for the most favored propfor athlete snapsh

16、ots.Such has been the surge（激增）in popularity that products with its image aredifficult to get in the Winter Olympic Village.6.Some say the mascot has become the bestambassador for the Beijing Winter Olympics.7.Its shape combines the image of a panda with an ice crystal shell,inspired by the“ice ribb

17、on4 4 of the National Speed Skating Oval.The flowing color lines symbolize the ice andsnow sports track.The design conveys the charm of China and expresses the beauty of theOlympic Games.There have been continual demands to increase supply and end the shortage.A toymanufacturing company,located in Q

18、idong,Nantong,Jiangsu province,is one of the threecompanies in China that participate in designing and manufacturing the mascot.8.In the production workshop,the semifinished Bing Dwen Dwens pile upon the processingtabletop.Workers put on a transparent“coat，install it on a fixed base,and wrap it in a

19、 specialpackaging box.9.A worker,surnamed Shen,is responsible fbr installing the base forBing Dwen Dwen.In order to ensure that the doll does not fall,and looks elfish（精灵般的）,shemust test it.10.A.People are excited about the mascots overnight fameB.A cute Bing Dwen Dwen is then transported to the sto

20、reC.The popularity stems mainly from its naive and cute appearanceD.Currently,it is stepping up its production to meet market demandE.With years of experience,the company has won a solid reputationF.The question“Do you have Bing Dwen Dwen?is now a form of greetingG.In fact,every process shows the wo

21、rkers9 devotion to delivering happiness6.F 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.G【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了北京冬奥会期间大受欢迎的吉祥物冰墩墩极其创作灵感，制作过程。6.根据上文“The mascot for the Beijing Winter Olympics,Bing Dwen Dwen,has enjoyed anincreasing rise in popularity.It seems to have taken the gold for the most favored prop for athletesnapshots.Such has

22、 been the surge（激增）in popularity that products with its image are difficult toget in the Winter Olympic Village/北京冬奥会的吉祥物冰墩墩越来越受欢迎。它似乎是最受欢迎的运动员拍照道具。受欢迎的程度如此之高，以至于印有它的形象的产品很难在冬奥会村里买到）“及下一句Some say the mascot has become the best ambassador fbr the BeijingWinter Olympics/有人说，这个吉祥物已经成为北京冬奥会的最佳形象大使厂可知，本段

23、都在说冰墩墩在奥运村受欢迎程度，F 项内容：“你有冰墩墩吗?”现在是一种问候方式，这句问句充分说明人人都想拥有一款冰墩墩的心情，印证了它的受欢迎。故选F 项。7.根据下文“Its shape combines the image of a panda with an ice crystal shell,inspired by the“ice ribbon4 of the National Speed Skating Oval.The flowing color lines symbolize the ice andsnow sports track.（它的形状结合了熊猫的形象和冰晶外壳，灵感源

24、自国家速滑馆“冰丝带”。流动的色彩线条象征着冰雪运动跑道）”可知，本段在讲冰墩墩的设计灵感；C 项：它的流行主要源于它天真可爱的外表，及呼应了上一段它的受欢迎，有引出了它的外形设计，契合语境。故选C 项。8.根据上文“There have been continual demands to increase supply and end the shortage.A toymanufacturing company,located in Qidong,Nantong,Jiangsu province,is one of the threecompanies in China that part

25、icipate in designing and manufacturing the mascot.（人们不断要求增加供应，结束供应不足现象。位于江苏省南通市启东市的一家玩具制造公司是中国参与设计和制造吉祥物的三家公司之一户可知，目前市场上，冰墩墩供不应求，提到了生产商；设空处应该是针对供不应求的现象的措施。D 项：目前，该公司正加紧生产以满足市场需求，契合上文。其中it指代南通这家公司。故选D 项。9.根据上文“In the production workshop,the semifinished Bing Dwen Dwens pile upon theprocessing tableto

26、p.Workers put on a transparent coat”,install it on a fixed base,and wrap it in aspecial packaging box.（在生产车间，半成品的冰墩墩堆在加工桌上。工人们给它穿上一件透明的“外套”，将其安装在固定的底座上，并将其包装在一个特殊的包装盒中户可知，冰墩墩加工完毕，包装完毕。接下来就可以上市卖到消费者手中了。B 项意为然后一只可爱的冰墩墩被送到了商店，契合上文语境，逻辑通顺。故选B 项。10.根据上文“A worker,surnamed Shen,is responsible for installin

27、g the base for Bing DwenDwen.In order to ensure that the doll does not fall,and looks elfish（精灵般的），she must testit.（名姓沈的工人负责为冰墩墩安装底座。为了确保娃娃不会掉下来，看起来像小精灵，她必须测试它）”可知，在生产过程中，工人们都很认真付出；G 项：事实上，每一个过程都体现了员工对传递快乐的奉献精神。符合语境。故选G 项。（2022安徽安庆一中三模）The New York Times reported that phone calls have made acomeback

28、 during the pandemic.Verizon,an American wireless network operator,told the Timesthat ifs now handling an average of 800 million wireless calls daily during the week.Thafs morethan double the calls made on Mothers Day,which is one of the busiest days of the year fbr phonecalls.1 1 Similarly,AT&T Inc

29、.reported that the number of cell calls has increased by35%.12 And there5s nothing like creating a big family get-together by crammingeveryone on a screen.It?s great that you can see the people youre talking to.But sometimes,something gets lost when video is involved.Video calls and apps are“undenia

30、bly brilliant,writes the Guardian.uBut theres a performance involved,distractions,andpeople coming and going.If you want to actually say something to someone,just call them.13If you are old enough,you might remember having one phone for the whole family.4 4Theshared family phone served as an anchor

31、for home,“L uke Fermandez,a computer-scienceprofessor at Weber State University says.With smartphones,we have gained mobility andprivacy.14”But now so many of us are turning back to our phones to find family.In Dickinson,the citycouncil members shared the city phone book in late March to call reside

32、nts to check in.Councilmember Katie Pinkie wrote in the Dickinson Press,“They shared stories of faith,friendly andhealth.The people I called to check in on ended up helping me more.15 What wouldhappen if we all used this time of the social distancing to reconnect the old-fashioned way?”L andline or

33、mobile phone,start dialing.A.Before Caller ID,you did not know who was calling.B.Many of us are also talking to our families on video chat.C.Everybody had a handle on everyone elses business field.D.However,the value of the home has been reduced considerably.E.Nothing can beat a comforting human voi

34、ce straight into the ear.F.They gave me a sense of purpose for the week and unknowns ahead.G.In addition,the length of calls is up 33%now compared to an average day before the outbreak.11.G 12.B 13.E 14.D 15.F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在疫情期间，电话再次成为了人与人之间沟通的纽带和桥梁。11.根据上文“The New York Times reported that pho

35、ne calls have made a comeback during thepandemic.（据 纽约时报报道，在疫情期间，电话已经恢复。户可知，本段讲的是电话再次成为人们沟通的桥梁。G 项“In addition,the length of calls is up 33%now compared to anaverage day before the outbreak.（此外，与疫情爆发前的平均一天相比，现在的通话长度增加了 33%o）”中的“calls”在上文中有原词复现以及G 项中的“beibre the outbreak”与上文中的“during the pandemic”形成了

36、对照。承接上文说明人们使用电话的情况。故选G。12.本空为段首句，为一段的主要内容。根据下文“And there5s nothing like creating a big familyget-together by cramming everyone on a screen.Its great that you can see the people youretalking to.（没有什么比把所有人都挤在屏幕上更能创造一个大家庭了。你可以看到和你说话的人，这很好。户可知，这一段主要讲的是视频联系方式。选项B“Many of us are also talkingto our familie

37、s on video chat.（我们中的许多人也在与家人视频聊天。）”符合题意。故选B。13.根据上文“But theres a performance involved,distractions,and people coming and going.Ifyou want to actually say something to someone,just call them.（但这是一场表演，让人分心，人们来来往往。如果你真的想对别人说点什么，就打电话给他们。）”可知，视频电话会分心，而真的想沟通，直接打电话就好。选项 E 4Nothing can beat a comforting hu

38、man voice straightinto the ear.（没有什么能比一个悦耳的人声直接进入耳朵更好的了。厂说明直接打电话被大多数人所接受，故选E。14.根据上文“The shared family phone served as an anchor for home,“L uke Fermandez,acomputer-science professor at Weber State University says.（韦伯州立大学计算机科学教授 L ukeFermandez说：”共享的家庭电话就像是家庭的锚。以 及 With smartphones,we have gainedmobi

39、lity and privacy.（有了智能手机，我们获得了移动性和隐私。户可知，以前家庭都是一部电话，而现在智能手机会让我们有各自的隐私。选 项 DtHowever,the value of the home hasbeen reduced considerably4然而，家庭观念却在减弱。厂说明的是所带来的的影响。故选D。15.根据上文“The people I called to check in on ended up helping me more.（我打电话询问的人最终给了我更多的帮助。）“设空处是对上文的进步解释说明。选项F4 4They gave me a sense ofpu

40、rpose for the week and unknowns ahead.（他们给了我对未来周和未知未来的目标感）”中的“They”指代上文的 The people,而“gave me a sense of purpose”与上一句中的“ended up helpingme more”相照应。故选F。2022江苏南京二模）When Failure Is a Good ThingFailure is an important process you can learn from.16Most people view failure as something that should be avo

41、ided at all costs.17 It mayhave been an F we received on a paper or the high expectations our parents placed upon ourshoulders that stopped us from trying.Award-winning psychologist and author,Ron Friedman,tells the story of how Sara Blakely,founder of Spanx,revolutionized the womens clothing indust

42、ry and became a billionaire in hisbook,The Best Place To Work:The Art and Science of Creating an Extraordinary Workplace.18 She had zero experience in the clothing industry,lacked an education inbusiness and raised only$5,000 to invest.When asked where she found the courage,she gave allcredit to her

43、 dad.While most parents ask their kids,“How was your day?”when sitting down fordinner,Sara*s parents asked her and her brother,t4What did you fail at today?”each and everynight.When interviewed by CNNs Anderson Cooper,Sara said,Instead of failure being theoutcome,failure became not trying.It forced

44、me at a young age to want to push myself so muchfurther out of my comfort zone.19 It became more about learning and less about apersonal weakness.If we view failure as weakness,we avoid stepping out of our comfort zone.20 Itdoes not define us,but instead matures us.Im sure that there are many risks

45、we would all take inour personal,professional and spiritual lives if we could get past a fear of failure.What has been the greatest lesson you have learned when taking a chance?Please share withus.A.And,most importantly,it means you tried.B.L ets take a look at how Sara faced failures.C.In reality,S

46、aras father had re-defined failure.D.Early on,Sara overcame a series of difficulties.E.Instead,we must remind ourselves that failure is an action.F.It is important to reflect on what can be learnt from failure.G.We tend to connect failure with a bad experience we had as a child.16.A17.G18.D19.C20.E【

47、解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Spanx的创始人Sara Blakely的故事来告诉我们该如何对待失败。Sara Blakely的父亲重新定义了失败，他让孩子明白，失败并不是最终结果，而只是缺乏尝试。失败没有定义我们，而是让我们成长，让我们脱离舒适区并变成一个更优秀的人。16.根据上文“Failure is an important process you can learn 失败是一个重要的过程，你可以从中学习广可知，上文提出失败重要的是过程，从中学习，推测本句承接上文继续说明失败的重要意义：这意味着你尽力了。故 A 选项“最重要的是，这意味着你尽力了“符合语境，故选Ao17.根

48、据上文“Most people view failure as something that should be avoided at all costs.（大多数人认为应该不惜切代价避免失败）”以及后文It may have been an F we received on a paper orthe high expectations our parents placed upon our shoulders that stopped us from trying.（也许是我们的试卷得了个“F”，或者是父母对我们寄予的厚望阻止了我们去尝试广可知，人们认为失败是生活中无论如何都要避免的东西，

49、后几句讲述的是我们小时候的一些失败，故推测本句在讲人们对失败的看法，故 G 选项“我们往往把失败和我们小时候的糟糕经历联系起来”符合语境，故选G。18.根据后文“She had zero experience in the clothing industry,lacked an education in business andraised only$5,000 to invest.When asked where she found the courage,she gave all credit to herdad.While most parents ask their kids,“How

50、 was your day?1 when sitting down for dinner,Sara*sparents asked her and her brother,4 4What did you fail at today?*each and every night.（她在服装行业没有任何经验，没有接受过商业教育，也只筹集到了 5000美元用于投资。当被问及她的勇气来自何处时，她把一切归功于她的父亲。当大多数父母问他们的孩子，“你今天过得怎么样？”当坐下来吃晚饭时，萨拉的父母每天晚上问她和她的兄弟“你们今天失败了什么？”厂 可知，后文说Sara在服装业没有经验，没有商业的学习经历，也没有