2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题(解析版).pdf

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1、2022年 普 通 高 等 学 校 招 生 全 国 统 一 考 试（新 高 考 I 卷）英 语 本 试 卷 共 10页，满 分 120分。考 试 用 时 120分 钟。注 意 事 项：1.答 卷 前，考 生 务 必 用 黑 色 字 迹 钢 笔 或 签 字 笔 将 自 己 的 姓 名、考 生 号、考 场 号 和 座 位 号 填 写 在 答 题 卡 上。用 2B铅 笔 将 试 卷 类 型（A）填 涂 在 答 题 卡 相 应 位 置 上。将 条 形 码 横 贴 在 答 题 卡 右 上 角”条 形 码 粘 贴 处”。因 笔 试 不 考 听 力，选 择 题 从 第 二 部 分 的“阅 读”开 始，试 题

2、 序 号 从“21”开 始。2.作 答 选 择 题 时，选 出 每 小 题 答 案 后，用 2B铅 笔 把 答 题 卡 上 对 应 题 目 选 项 的 答 案 信 息 点 涂 黑;如 需 改 动，用 橡 皮 擦 干 净 后，再 选 涂 其 他 答 案，答 案 不 能 答 在 试 卷 上。3.非 选 择 题 必 须 用 黑 色 字 迹 钢 笔 或 签 字 笔 作 答，答 案 必 须 写 在 答 题 卡 各 题 目 指 定 区 域 内 相 应 位 置 上;如 高 改 动，先 划 掉 原 来 的 答 案，然 后 再 写 上 新 的 答 案;不 准 使 用 铅 笔 和 涂 改 液，不 按 以 上 要

3、求 作 答 的 答 案 无 效。4.考 生 必 须 保 持 答 题 卡 的 整 洁：考 试 结 束 后，将 试 卷 和 符 题 卡 一 并 交 回。第 一 节（共 5小 题；每 小 题 L5分，满 分 7.5分）听 下 面 5段 对 话。每 段 对 话 后 有 一 个 小 题，从 题 中 所 给 的 A、B、C 三 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。听 完 每 段 对 话 后，你 都 有 10秒 钟 的 时 间 来 回 答 有 关 小 题 和 阅 读 下 一 小 题。每 段 对 话 仅 读 一 遍。1.【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】What will th

4、e speakers do next?A.Check the map.B.Leave the restaurant.C.Park the car.【答 案】C【解 析】【原 文】M:We have to find a parking space.Lets drive around the block one more time.Didyou say the restaurant has no off-street parking at all?W:None.I checked it.Look,there is a space!2.【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】W

5、here are the speakers?A.At a bus stop.B.At home.C.At the airport.【答 案】B【解 析】【原 文】M:You have to go now,Judy,or youll miss your flight.Ws an hours drive to theairport.W:Im leaving.Dont forget to water my flowers.Just a minute.Where is my ticket,Dad?3.【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】What did the speaker

6、s do last week?A.They had a celebration dinner.B.They went to see a newborn baby.C.They sent a mail to their neighbors.【答 案】B【解 析】【原 文】M:Laura,whats in the mailbox?W:Its a thank-you note from our neighbour.They thank us for visiting them last week when thebaby was born.They also invite us to have di

7、nner next Friday.M:Are they back home now?W:Should be.4.【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】Why does the man make the phone call?A.To cancel a weekend trip.B.To make an appointment.C.lb get some information.【答 案】C【解 析】【原 文】W:Good afternoon,Paper Museum.M:Hello.Could you tell me your opening hours for Sat

8、urday?W:Yeah.Were open from ten in the morning to five in the afternoon.M:Thanks.5.【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】What does the man probably want to do?A.Do some exercise.B.Get an extra key.C.Order room service.【答 案】A【解 析】【原 文】M:Excuse me,where is the hotel gym,please?W:Its on the top floor You can

9、take the lift over there.M:Do I have to pay extra?W:No,sir,you just need to take your room key with you.第 二 节（共 1 5小 题；每 小 题 1.5分，满 分 22.5分）听 下 面 5段 对 话 或 独 白。每 段 对 话 或 独 白 后 有 几 个 小 题，从 题 中 所 给 的 A、B、C三 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。听 每 段 对 话 或 独 白 前，你 将 有 时 间 阅 读 各 个 小 题，每 小 题 5秒 钟；听 完 后，各 小 题 将 给 出 5秒 钟 的

10、作 答 时 间。每 段 对 话 或 独 自 读 两 遍。听 下 面 一 段 较 长 对 话，回 答 以 下 小 题。【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】6.Why does the woman come to the man?A.To ask for permission.B.To extend an invitation.C.To express thanks.7.When are the students going to the museum?A.On Friday.B.On Saturday.C.On Sunday.【答 案】6.A 7.B【解 析】【原 文】

11、W:Mr.Wilson,students from Class 2 want to visit the history museum.Will it be allright if I take them there this weekend?M:How about their revision test?Are they through with it?W:Yes,they are.M:In that case,you can go ahead.Try to finish it within one day,so that the students still have awhole day

12、to rest on Sunday.W:All right.Til manage.听 下 面 一 段 较 长 对 话，回 答 以 下 小 题。【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】8.What are the speakers talking about?A.Buying groceries.B.Choosing gifts.C.Seeing friends.9.Who is Clara?A.The mans wife.B.The mans sister.C.The mans daughter.10.How much did the man spend on the c

13、ity passes?A.$36.B.$50.C.$150.【答 案】8.B 9.C 10.C【解 析】原 文 M:Hi,Linda.Fancy seeing you here.How long have you been shopping?W:Almost an hour.I have a lot to buy.My daughter Melissas birthday is coming.Pm trying toget her a good gift,but I dont know what to choose.She seems to have everything she loves.

14、M:Yeah,the same as Clara.Weve already had bags of toys shes no longer playing with.So thisyear,we didnt buy her material things.We gave her an experience gift.W:Whafs that?M:A city pass,with which she can visit 12 different attractions,including the national historymuseum,the science museum,the zoo,

15、and more.W:How much is it?M:Fifty dollars per person,for a year-long pass.I bought three for the whole family.W:So you can have a different outing every month for the entire year.What a great idea!听 下 面 一 段 较 长 对 话，回 答 以 下 小 题。【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】11.Why did Tracy bring dogs to the childre

16、n?A.To teach them to love animals.B.lb help them gain confidenceC.To protect them from dangers.12.What is Kevins concern about the dog?A.They may misbehave.B.They may get hurt.C.They may carry diseases.13.What will Helen do tomorrow morning?A.Give a talk.B.Meet the children.C.Take some photos.【答 案】1

17、1.B 12.A 13.A【解 析】【原 文】M:Helen,busy doing anything?W:Oh Kevin,Tm preparing a presentation for the city library.Its about a girl named TracyWoods.M:Whats special about her?W:It was an amazing story.She brought specially-trained dogs to special education schools andhelped children to build confidence.

18、She believes that dogs can help children in ways we cant.Dogs dont judge,and they dont care who you are or what you look like.M:But putting dogs into a school?Arent they going to mess up the school?W:Dont worry.All the dogs are assessed and trained properly.There are now 40 dogs workingwith children

19、 aged from 6 to 18.M:I hope the children love them.W:Of course they do.Tve got some pictures.Til show them at my presentation tomorrowmorning.听 下 面 一 段 较 长 对 话，回 答 以 下 小 题。【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】14.What is the man doing?A.Attending a lecture.B.Hosting a workshop.C.Conducting an interview.15.

20、Why is Emily doing unpaid work in the new season of the show?A.To follow the latest trend.B.To help raise the crews pay.C.To support the post-production.16.What enables Emily to try different things in her field?A.Her college education.B.Her teaching experience.C.Her family tradition.17.What does Em

21、ily think of her work at the Film Centre?A.Boring.B.Rewarding.C.Demanding【答 案】14.C 15.C 16.A 17.B【解 析】【原 文】M:Emily,thank you for taking time out of your busy schedule to answer a fewquestions.W:Its my pleasure.M:People say youre doing unpaid work in the new season of My Fair Lady.Is this what the sh

22、owbusiness has become?W:No,not really.All of my acting in the new season is unpaid.But the crew is paid.This is toraise money for the post-production of the show.M:I notice youre tried many different kinds of things:film,TV,and even theater.W:Yeah,thats how I was trained at university.I work on anyt

23、hing that excites me.M:Tell us about the six months you recently spent at the workshop of the Film Center.W:It was an unbelievable experience,teaching young actors and actresses,and working withsome great acting artists.It was also great to work in various labs,such as directors,writers and soon.Its

24、 very helpful for making you a really well-rounded and active member of the film andtelevision industry.M:Thank you very much,Emily.We look forward to your new season.听 下 面 一 段 独 白，回 答 以 下 小 题。【此 处 可 播 放 相 关 音 频，请 去 附 件 查 看】18.Who is the speaker talking to?A.Sports club members.B.International touri

25、sts.C.University students.19.Where did Emma work for a rugby team?A.In Manchester.B.In Dublin.C.In Vancouver.20.What can be a challenge to Emmas work?A.Competition in the health care industry.B.Discrimination against female scientists.C.Influence of misinformation on the public.【答 案】18.A 19.B 20.C【解

26、 析】原 文】W:Hi,everyone.This is the monthly meeting of our club.Weve been fortunate to havegot good advice from some famous athletes on how to improve our skills and build up our body.Today,well hear something different.Were honored to have Emma Wilson here.Emma is ahealth expert and lecturer from UBC,

27、the University of British Columbia.Emma worked for afootball team in Manchester,then for a very successful rugby team in Dublin,and finally ended upworking here in Vancouver.Emma says its challenging to be a health expert,because people canbe easily influenced by advertisements that lack scientific

28、support.Also,people arent willing tochange their views about food and nutrition as there is so much confusing information online.Ifsreally important to hear what experts say,and thats why weve invited Emma here.She isntgoing to tell us about everything we should eat.But,she will teach us to make bet

29、ter choices.Lefswelcome Emma Wilson.第 二 部 分 阅 读(共 两 节，满 分 50分)第 一 节(共 15小 题：每 小 题 2.5分，满 分 37.5分)阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。AGrading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below 60,E.Essays(60%)Your four major essays will combi

30、ne to form the main part of the grade for this course:EssayI=10%;Essay 2=15%;Essay 3=15%;Essay 4=20%.Group Assignments(30%)Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作 业)during the course.All theassignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard,our online learning

31、andcourse management system.Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework(10%)Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous classlecture/discussion,so it

32、 is important to take careful notes during class.Additionally,from time totime I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed athome,both of which will be graded.Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class p

33、eriod itis late.If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero.Daily assignmentsnot completed during class will get a zero.Short writings missed as a result of an excused absencewill be accepted.21.Where is this text probably taken from?A.A textbook.B.An exam paper.C.A

34、course plan.D.Anacademic article.22.How many parts is a students final grade made up of?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.23.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A.You will receive a zero.B.You will lose a letter grade.C.You will be given a test.D.You will have to rewrite it

35、.【答 案】21.C 22.B 23.A【解 析】【导 语】本 文 是 一 篇 说 明 文。文 章 介 绍 了 文 学 概 论 课 程 评 分 办 法。2 1题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 标 题 l,Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature(文 学 概 论 课 程 评 分 办 法)“和 Essays(60%)部 分 Your four major essays will combine to form the main part ofIhe grade of for this course(你 的 四 篇 主 要 文 章

36、将 构 成 本 课 程 评 分 的 主 要 部 分)“可 知，文 章 介 绍 了 文 学 概 论 课 程 评 分 办 法，可 得 出 本 文 是 出 自 一 个 课 程 计 划。故 选 C 项。【2 2题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 黑 体 小 标 题 Essays(60%)、aGroup Assignments(3 0%)和“DailyWork/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework(10%)w 可 知，学 生 的 最 终 成 绩 由 3部 分 组 成。故 选 B项。【2 3题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 Late W

37、ork 部 分 If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date,itwill earn a zero”如 果 没 有 在 截 止 日 期 后 的 第 4 天 上 交，将 会 得 到 零 分)”可 知，如 果 在 截 止 日 期 后 一 周 才 交 文 章，你 将 会 得 零 分。故 选 A 项。【点 睛】BLike most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝 麻 菜)was tomake a nice green salad,ro

38、unding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Thenfriends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,thearugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made sixsalads with what I threw out.In a world where nea

39、rly 800 million people a year go hungry,food waste goes against themoral g rain,as Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story.It9s jaw-dropping how muchperfectly good food is thrown away from ugly(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected bygrocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into r

40、estaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,t4if food waste were acountry,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”If thats hard to

41、 understand,lefs keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of myrefrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time but for him,its more like 12 bonesof donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen inWashington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into

42、 healthy meals.Last year it recoveredmore than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有 瑕 疵 的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,

43、yet so often we just dont think.Everyone can play a part inreducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping orby asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat,Curtin says.24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A.We pa

44、y little attention to food waste.B.We waste food unintentionally attimes.C.We waste more vegetables than meat,food.D.We have good reasons for wasting25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?A.Moral decline.C.Energy shortage.26.What does Curtins company do?A.It produces kitchen eq

45、uipment.C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.27.What does Curtin suggest people do?A.Buy only what is needed.C.Go shopping once a week.【答 案】24.B 25.B 26.D 27.AB.Environmental harm.D.Worldwide starvation.B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.B.Reduce food con

46、sumption.D.Eat in restaurants less often.【解 析】【导 语】本 文 是 一 篇 说 明 文。文 章 介 绍 了 我 们 日 常 生 活 中 的 食 物 浪 费 现 象 以 及 华 盛 顿 DC中 央 厨 房 的 首 席 执 行 官 科 廷 为 解 决 食 物 浪 费 而 采 取 的 努 力。【2 4题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 一 段 中 的 Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes towaste.（像 我 们 大 多 数 人 一 样，我 努 力 关 注 那 些 被 浪

47、费 的 食 物）”及“But as days passed,thearugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;could have made sixsalads with what I threw out.（但 随 着 时 间 的 推 移，芝 麻 菜 变 坏 了。更 糟 糕 的 是，我 不 假 思 索 地 买 了 太 多 东 西；我 扔 掉 的 东 西 可 以 做 六 份 沙 拉）”可 推 知，作 者 想 通 过 讲 述 芝 麻 菜 的 故 事 来 表 明 我 们 有 时 会 无 意 间 浪 费 食 物。

48、故 选 B。【2 5题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 三 段 Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other,resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact.Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in theworld.”（生 产

49、 没 人 吃 的 食 物 会 浪 费 用 于 种 植 食 物 的 水、燃 料 和 其 他 资 源。这 使 得 食 物 浪 费 成 为 一 个 环 境 问 题。事 实 上，罗 伊 特 写 道，“如 果 食 物 浪 费 是 一 个 国 家，它 将 是 世 界 上 第 三 大 温 室 气 体 排 放 国。“）”可 知，根 据 文 中 的 说 法，浪 费 食 物 的 一 个 后 果 是 对 环 境 的 危 害。故 选 B。【2 6题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 中“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington.D.C.,

50、which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished（有 瑕 疵 的）produce,thatotherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freezeor dry them for use in meals down