2022-2023学年浙江省嘉兴市高二上学期期末检测英语试题 （解析版）.docx

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1、嘉兴市20222023学年第一学期期末检测高二英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题纸上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the man order today?A. Beef noodles.B Chicken pie.C. Fish soup.2. When will the meeting

2、begin?A.At 10:30.B.At 10:40.C.At 10:50.3. Where does the woman live now?A. In Germany.B. In France.C. In England.4. How does the man sound?A.Proud.B.Sad.C. Curious.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldnt take the cake back.第二节（共15小题：每小

3、题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文 “If someone is stressed out, they should feel able to have that conversation with their manager/9 she said/?（她说：“如果有人感到压力过大，他们应该能够与经理进行对话。”）可 知，Ashley Herd认为如果你在工作中感觉压力过大，应该与经理谈谈，而不是“安静退出”，

4、由此可知， 她认为“安静退出”的行为是有害的，是不可取的，Harmful意为有害的”，能够表达画线单词在句 中所要表达的意思。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句 In the video, she said, Unfortunately in America minorities are held to a different standard. We are looked at differently. So we have to go above and beyond to be successful. We cant risk being regarded as n

5、ot performing.n（在视频中，她说，“不幸的是，在美国，少数族裔被视为不同的标 准。我们受到不同的看待。因此，我们必须超越极限才能获得成功。我们不能冒险被视为没有表现。”） 可知，玛丽认为少数族裔受到不同的看待，他们必须付出更多努力才能获得成功，由此可知，玛丽认为工 作中的少数族裔应该做出更大的努力。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句 The phrase describes the longstanding practice of constructive dismissal一 creating an environment that leads a work

6、er to quit their job in order to avoid having to fire them. ” （这个短语描 述了推定解雇的长期做法一一创造了一种环境，导致工人辞职，以避免解雇他们。）可知，“安静解雇” 指创造了一种环境，导致工人辞职，以避免解雇他们，浏览选项，“The boss puts off a workers promotion on purpose.”意为“老板故意推迟工人的晋升。”这种做法会导致工人主动辞职，不用老板解雇他们，由 此可知，uThe boss puts off a worker promotion on purpose.v是工作场所“安静解

7、雇”的预兆。故选C 项。DTrick or treat! With Halloween around the corner, kids are about to collect bags full of candy, including chocolate. Meanwhile, a group of researchers in the Netherlands has been experimenting with a method to make chocolate more of a “treat“ than ever.While chocolate is delicious for m

8、any reasons, this study focused on how it cracks when it is bitten. Corentin Coulais, the researcher teaching physics at the University of Amsterdam says, “To better how it feels in the mouth, we gave geometry （几何学）to chocolate, which would then change the way it breaks.Giving it geometry involved u

9、sing a 3D printer to produce dark chocolate in various ways. Rather than creating a flat, solid piece, the machine printed it into a simple S-shape, or zigzagged super-thin layers back-and- forth several times, or into increasingly complicated spirals （螺旋形）.The resulting pieces were fed to 10 eager

10、volunteers. It turned out that the crunchiest （最松脆的）while remaining easy to bitewas the chocolate shapedinto fairly complicated spirals. It was also the top tasting experience.The researchers also used a machine to crack the various shapes and see which was the crunchiest. Plus, they recorded the so

11、unds of the cracking, because a pleasurable eating experience doesnt only take place in the mouth, but can be affected by the noises in your head. The general winner remained that spiral.“Its too early to say whether chocolate will soon be made differently,Coulais says.He is working with a couple of

12、 organizations to see how it might be applied in materials other than chocolate一 ones that might be used in vehicles, for example, to make them less dangerous when they crash.Understanding cracking could make life safer-in cars or airplanes or wearing helmets. It could also make those Halloween trea

13、ts even tastier.12. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?A. By discussing a case.B. By making a prediction.C By presenting a scene.D. By explaining a phenomenon.13. What is the function of the 3D printer used in the experiment?A. To explore the way chocolate breaks.B. To create chocol

14、ate in various shapes.C. To improve chocolate tasting experience.D. To record the sounds of chocolate cracking.14. What does Coulais most expect after the study?A. The attraction of Halloween treats.B. The change in chocolate production.C. The growing awareness of driving safety.D. The application o

15、f the findings in other fields.15. What is a suitable title for the text?A. Geometry makes a tastier chocolateB. Complicated spirals are the championC. A knowledge of cracking matters a lotD. The crunchiest chocolate is newly born【答案】12.C13. B14. D15. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了为了使巧克力更美味，研究人员将儿何学运用于巧克力，用

16、3 D打印机打印出各种形状的巧克力。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句 Trick or treat! With Halloween around the corner, kids are about to collect bags full of candy, including chocolate.v（不给糖就捣蛋！随着万圣节即将到来，孩子们将收集装满糖果的 袋子，包括巧克力。）可知，文章开篇展示了一个场景，万圣节即将到来，“不给糖就捣蛋！ ”的活动再 次开始，孩子们将收集装满糖果的袋子，包括巧克力，接下来文章介绍了有关巧克力的话题，荷兰的一组 研究人员正在试验一种方法，使巧克力比

17、以往任何时候都更“美味”，由此可知，作者通过呈现一个场景 来引出本文的主题。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段关键句 Giving it 64geometry involved using a 3D printer to produce dark chocolate in various ways. Rather than creating a flat, solid piece, the machine printed it into a simple S-shape, or zigzagged super-thin layers back-and-forth several t

18、imes, or into increasingly complicated spirals （螺旋形）（赋予它“几 何学”意味着使用3D打印机以各种方式生产黑巧克力。这台机器没有制造出一个扁平、坚实的巧克力， 而是将其打印成简单的S形，或来回几次的Z字形超薄巧克力，或逐渐复杂的螺旋形。）可知，使用3D打 印机可以打印出各种形状的巧克力，例如简单的S形，Z字形或螺旋形巧克力，由此可知，实验中使用的 3D打印机的功能是创造各种形状的巧克力。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容 “He is working with a couple of organizations to se

19、e how it might be applied in materials other than chocolate一ones that might be used in vehicles, for example, to make them less dangerous when they crash.（他正在与一些组织合作，研究如何将其应用于除巧克力以外的材料，例如，用于车辆的 材料，以减少碰撞时的危险。）可知，Coulais致力于将研究结果应用于除巧克力以外的材料，使人们受益, 由此可知，研究结束后，Coulais最期待的是这项研究结果在其他领域的应用。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意

20、题。通读全文，结合第二段关键句 uCorentin Coulais, the researcher teaching physics at the University of Amsterdam says, “To better how it feels in the mouth, we gave geometry （几何学）to chocolate, which would then change the way it breaks.（阿姆斯特丹大学教授物理学的研究人员Corentin Coulais表示，“为了让巧 克力在口腔中的感觉更好，我们给巧克力添加了 几何学，这会改变巧克力的破裂方

21、式。”）可知，本文 讲述了为了使巧克力更美味，研究人员将几何学运用于巧克力，用3D打印机打印出各种形状的巧克力, Geometry makes a tastier chocolate 意为几何学制造出更美味的巧克力”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选A项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Shoppers are being warned by consumer advocates of a new wave of shrinkflation （缩水式通胀）”一where companies sh

22、rink the net weight of a prepackaged product while still charging the same price, or sometimes more. 16The Queensland Consumers9 Association （QCA） has sounded the alarm on the issue, saying its already received reports of consumers getting less value for money at the checkout.17 This practice has be

23、en a common issue in Australia too,with eagle-eyed members of CHOICES Community forum sharing examples of shrinkage since 2016, calling out everything from pet food to breakfast cereal（谷类食物）.Pet food label Purina One said it had been forced to shrink the sizes of its products to keep them affordable

24、 for shoppers. 18 In fact, weve discovered several examples in the supermarket cereal shelf. One is Kelloggs Crunchy Nut, which sold for $6 for 670g in 2019, but now sells for $9 for 640g in 2022.The QCA says the easiest way to know if companies are sizing down your favourite products is to check th

25、e weight and quantity displayed on the packaging. 19 You can also check the unit price. The unit price breaks down the cost of a product into standard units of measurement, showing how much an item costs per 100g. If a product has undergone changes in both price and quantity, unit pricing will tell

26、you whether youre still getting the same value for money as before. 20 A. However, its not just pet products.B. Once a product gets smaller, it often stays that way.C. The issue has already been making headlines in the US.D. But in some cases, companies, profits are also increasing sharply.E. By the

27、se numbers, you can quickly spot if your supermarket products shrink.F. If youre not, it can help you find a different pack size that is worth the money.G. Companies have admitted reducing the size of their goods due to increasing costs.【答案】16.G17. C 18.A19. E 20. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了消费者权益保护组织警告

28、消费者注意新一波的“缩水式通货膨 胀”，即企业缩小预先包装产品的净重，但价格仍然相同，有时甚至更高。一些公司承认，由于成本增加， 他们缩小了商品的尺寸。与此同时，文章也介绍了一些识别产品是否缩水的方法。【16题详解】根据上文 “ Shoppers are being warned by consumer advocates of a new wave of shrinkflatiorT where companies shrink the net weight of a prepackaged product while still charging the same price, or so

29、metimes more.（消费者权益保护组织警告消费者注意新一波的“缩水式通货膨胀”，即企业缩小预先包装产品的净 重，但价格仍然相同，有时甚至更高）”可知，此处讲的是企也缩小预先包装产品的净重，但价格仍然相 同，有时甚至更高。由此可知，选项 G 项 Companies have admitted reducing the size of their goods due to increasing costs.（一些公司承认,由于成本增加,他们缩小了商品的尺寸）和上文内容相关，为上文内容语意 的递进。故选G项。【17题详解】不艮据下文 “This practice has been a com

30、mon issue in Australia too, with eagle-eyed members of CHOICES Community forum sharing examples of shrinkage since 2016, calling out everything from pet food to breakfast cereal.（这种做法在澳大利亚也是一个普遍问题，自2016年以来，CHOICE社区论坛上眼尖的成员分享了缩 水的例子，呼吁从宠物食品到早餐麦片的所有东西）”可知，提到这种做法在澳大利亚也是一个普遍问题。 由此推知，空格处内容为这个问题在某些地方已经出现。

31、由此可知，选项C项The issue has already been making headlines in the US.（这个问题已经成为美国的头条新闻）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【18题详解】上文 “Pet food label Purina One said it had been forced to shrink the sizes of its products to keep them affordable for shoppers4宠物食品品牌Purina One表示，他们被迫缩小了产品的尺寸，以保证消费者买得起）”提到宠 物产品。下文 “ In fact, we

32、ve discovered several examples in the supermarket cereal shelf.（事实上，我们已经在 超市的麦片货架上发现了几个例子）”可知，提到麦片食品。故可推断空格处内容为这个问题不仅仅是针对 宠物产品。由此可知，选项A项However, ifs not just pet products.（然而，这不仅仅是宠物产品）符合此推 断，上下文语意连贯，起到承上启下的作用。故选A项。【19题详解】上文 “The QCA says the easiest way to know if companies are sizing down your fav

33、ourite products is to check the weight and quantity displayed on the packaging.（QCA表示，要知道公司是否在缩小你最喜欢的产品的尺寸， 最简单的方法就是检查包装上显示的重量和数量）”提到简单的方法就是检查包装上显示的重量和数量。由 止匕可知，选项 E 项 By these numbers, you can quickly spot if your supermarket products shrink.（通过这些数 字，你可以很快发现你的超市产品是否缩水了）中的these numbers指的就是上文的包装上显示的重

34、量和数 量，上下文语意连贯，为上文内容的语意递进。故选E项。【20题详解】根据上文 “If a product has undergone changes in both price and quantity, unit pricing will tell you whether youre still getting the same value for money as before.（如果一件产品的价格和数量都发生了变化，单位定价会告诉 你你是否仍然和以前一样物有所值）”可知，此处讲的是正向条件和结果。由此可知，选项F项Ifyoue not, it can help you find a

35、 different pack size that is worth the money.（如果你没有，它可以帮助你找到一个物有 所值不同包装大小的产品）为反向条件和结果，和上文内容相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Dalton Shaffer, an employee at Steves Pizza in Battle Creek, Michigan, was 21 late one night recently when he p

36、icked up an unlikely call from more than 200 miles away.On the other side of the 22 were Julie and Rich of Indianapolis, who lived in Battle Creek more than 20 years ago and, in their opinion, 23 hadnt found pizza as good as Steves. The pair had 24 a trip back to their favorite pizza spot, but had t

37、o cancel it due to Richs ongoing battle with cancer.On Saturday night, Julie decided to give Steves Pizza a call 25 they dont take delivery orders, and 26 not three-and-a-half hours away. Thats when Dalton 27 the phone. He didnt think twice about what the right thing to do was. He just 28 what their

38、 favorite pizza was and got in his car, beginning his long, tough journey at close to midnight.On Sunday, at 2:30 a.m., Dalton 29 into their driveway, left the car running and delivered two extra special pizzas to the 30 pair. He wished them all the best, and 31 to help in any way he could.“Dalton b

39、rought us so much 32 -and the best pizza in the world-at a really 33 time. Tm sure he is a sweet guy to many others besides us.Julie wrote in her postfit was incredible that a 34 would do that for us. He drove about 450 miles round trip 35 working all day!21. A. drivingB. sleepingC. studyingD. worki

40、ng22. A. lineB. restaurantC. townD. window23.A. evenB. stillC. thusD. again24. A. recalledB. takenC. plannedD. missed25. A. as thoughB. only ifC.even thoughD. now that26. A. actuallyB. certainlyC. generallyD. merely27. A. discoveredB.touchedC. answeredD. dropped28. A. spottedB. decidedC. perceivedD.

41、 asked29. A. rolledB. ranC. walkedD. swung30. A. calmB. amazedC. confidentD. worried31. A. agreedB. beggedC. rememberedD. offered32. A. inspirationB. pleasureC. securityD. freedom33. A. difficultB. awkwardC. suitableD. precious34. A. servantB. celebrityC. strangerD. rescuer35.A. exceptB. fromC.byD.

42、after【答案】21.D22. A25. C 26. B 27. C23. B 24. C28. D 29. A 30. B 31.D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公道尔顿给距离遥远的一对夫妇在凌晨两点半送披萨的感人故 事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：道尔顿谢弗(Dalton Shaffer)是密歇根州巴特克里克(Battle Creek)史蒂夫披萨店 (Steves Pizza)的一名员工，最近一天晚上他工作到很晚，突然接到了一个来自200多英里外的电话。A. driving 驾驶；B. sleeping 睡觉;C.

43、 studying 学习;D. working 工作。根据该句中的“an employee at Steve9s Pizza in Battle Creek/,是披萨店的一名员工，以及“ .late one night”很晚，可推知，此处为最近一天晚上 他工作到很晚，突然接到了一个来自200多英里外的电话。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电话的另一边是印第安纳波利斯的朱莉和里奇，他们20多年前住在巴特克 里，在他们看来，还没有找到像史蒂夫的披萨这么好吃的披萨。A. line线； B. restaurant餐馆；C. town 城镇；D. window窗户。根据上文提到的突然接到

44、了一个来自200多英里外的电话。以及该句中的“Onthe other side of”另一边，可知，此处为电话的另一边是印第安纳波利斯的朱莉和里奇。故选A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：电话的另一边是印第安纳波利斯的朱莉和里奇，他们20多年前住在巴特克里，在他们看来，还没有找到像史蒂夫的披萨这么好吃的披萨。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C thus因此； D. again 再次。根据上下文语境以及该句中的 uin their opinionv和 “hadnt found pizza as good as Steves. 可知，此处为他们20多年前住在巴特克里，在他们看来，

45、还没有找到像史蒂夫的披萨这么好吃的披萨。 故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇原本计划回到他们最喜欢的披萨店，但由于里奇正在与癌症作斗争， 他们不得不取消了这次旅行。A. recalled回忆；B. taken带走；C. planned计戈ij； D. missed想念，错过。根 据上文提到的他们20多年前住在巴特克里，最喜欢的披萨店的地方，以及该句中的“but had to cancel it due to Richs ongoing battle with cancer. but转折，由于里奇正在与癌症作斗争，他们不得不取消了这次旅 行。可推知，此处为这对夫妇原本计划回

46、到他们最喜欢的披萨店，但由于里奇正在与癌症作斗争，他们不 得不取消了这次旅行。故选C项。【25题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：周六晚上，朱莉决定给史蒂夫披萨店打个电话，尽管他们不接受外卖订单，而 且肯定不会有三个半小时的路程。A. as though好像；B. only if只有；C.even though尽管；D.now that既 然。根据句意以及该句中的 “Julie decided to give Steves Pizza a call” 以及 uthey don take delivery orders, and certainly not three-and-a-half hour

47、s away.”可知，上下句形成转折关系。可推知，此处为朱莉决定给史 蒂夫披萨店打个电话，尽管他们不接受外卖订单，而且肯定不会有三个半小时的路程。故选C项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：周六晚上，朱莉决定给史蒂夫披萨店打个电话，尽管他们不接受外卖订单，而 且肯定不会有三个半小时的路程。A. actually事实上；B. certainly肯定；C. generally大概；D. merely仅 仅。根据上文提到的尽管他们不接受外卖订单，以及and连接的not three-and-a-half hours away.可推 知，此处为朱莉决定给史蒂夫披萨店打个电话，尽管他们不接受外卖订单，

48、而且肯定不会有三个半小时的 路程。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时道尔顿接了电话。A. discovered发现；B. touched触摸；C. answered回 答；D.dropped下降，停止。根据上文提到的朱莉决定给史蒂夫披萨店打个电话，以及该句中的“the phone”可知，此处为这时道尔顿接了电话。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是问了他们最喜欢的披萨是什么，然后上了车，在接近午夜的时候开始了 他漫长而艰难的旅程。A. spotted发现;B. decided决定；C.perceived感知；D.asked问。根据上文提到的 道尔顿接了电话，以及上文“He didnt think twice about what the right thing to do was.”他没有考虑什么是 正确的做法，可推知，此处为他只是问了他们最喜欢的披萨是什么，然后上了车，在接近午夜的时候开始 了他漫长而艰难