2022-2023学年河南省洛阳市第一中学高一上学期期末达标检测英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2022-2023学年高一上期期末英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题海小题2.5分，满分375分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Sharon, Aged 22The most important thing to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I dont know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about

2、things such as how much homework you already have in one night. Its best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need to.Frank, Aged 21I think almost every kid feels both nervous and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I

3、know I did. You should join in some sports or activities that will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck!David, Aged 19Im not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening. But you,ll get used to it. Dont be afraid of anyone;upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let th

4、em know youre afraid. Just take it easy. Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week its really not bad at all. Dont worry.Eddie ,Aged 20When I started high school I was really nervous too, especially since I had been homescho

5、oled all through middle school and didnt really know anyone. I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of days can be a little bit hard, but things will become easier before you know it.1. What can we infer from Sharons words about high school?A. Teachers are quite strict.B.

6、 Students often stay up at nightC. Teachers provide little care for students.D. Students should make good use of their time.2. Who mentions the importance of friends?A. DavidB. FrankD. EddieC. Sharon3. How did Eddie feel on his first day of high school?上文“Try healthy snacks such as fruit and yogurt.

7、（尝试一些健康的零食，比如水果和酸奶）”可知，作者鼓励 大学生在寝室准备一些健康的零食。下文 “And remember the Freshman 15 doesnt apply only to freshmen.（记 住“大一新生15磅的体重”并不仅限于新生）”可知，“大一新生15磅的体重”问题并不仅限于新生，由 此可知，空处指出吃零食的同时要注意“大一新生15磅的体重”问题。E选项“But watch out for Freshman 15 gaining 15 pounds!（但是要小心“大一新生15磅的体重”一一长胖15磅）”符合语境，下文对此进行 了解释。故选E。【20题详解】 下文

8、 “The key to getting along well with others is communication. If theres a problem, ALWAYS talk it out with your roommate行rst.（与人相处的关键是沟通。如果有问题，一定要先和你的室友谈谈）”可知，本段建议要 多和室友沟通。B选项Dont shout, but talk it out!（不要喊叫，而要说出来）”和下文u ALWAYS talk it out with your roommate firstn相呼应。故选 Bo第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（

9、共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Living in a foreign culture can be exciting. But it can also be 21 A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their 22 They decided that miscommunications were always 23 even over something as 24 as yes

10、and no”.On her first day in Micronesia, Lisa thought people were 25 her requests. The day was 26 and she needed a cold drink. She went into a store and asked, “Do you have cold drinks? The woman there didnt say anything. Lisa 27 the question. Still the woman said nothing. Lisa gave up and left the s

11、tore. She later learnt that the woman had 28 her: She had raised her eyebrows, which in Micronesia means yes”.Th i s29 J an of an experience she had in Bulgaria. She had gone to a restaurant that was well-known fora 30 named stuffed cabbage （塞馅卷菜）.She asked the waiter, Do you have stuffed cabbage to

12、day?”He 3j his head. Jan eagerly waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means no”.Tom had a 32 problem when he arrived in India. After 33 something in class, he asked hisstudents if they understood. They responded with many different nods and shakes of the heads. He guessed some

13、people had not understood, so he explained again. When he asked again if they understood, they did the same thing. He soon 34 that his students did understand. In India, people nod and shake their heads in different waysaccording to where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to 35

14、 whether they areindicating （表示）“yes” or “no”.21. A. confusing22. A. approaches23. A. amusing24. A. short25. A. judging26. A. windy27. A. reconsidered28. A. answered29. A. convinced30. A. meal31. A. turned32. A. difficult33. A. explaining34. A. realised35. A. read out【答案】21. A 22. CD 32. D 33. AB. s

15、hockingB. opinionsB. possibleB. usefulB. meetingB. terribleB. facedB. forgottenB. remindedB. dietB. shookB. specialB. admittingB. hopedB. let out23. B 24. C34. A 35. CC. amazingC. experiencesC. unnecessaryC. simpleC. receivingC. coldC. solvedC. forgivenC. informedC. dishC. hungC. normalC. provingC.

16、showedC. figure out25. D 26. D 27. DD. interestingD. schedulesD. importantD. personalD. ignoringD. hotD. repeatedD. mistakenD. warnedD. vegetableD. noddedD. similarD.announcingD. pretendedD. point out28. A 29. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了几个在外国教英语的美国人在异国遇到的一些令人疑惑的误解经历。21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但也会很令人疑惑。A. confusing

17、令人疑惑的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. amazing 惊人的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文“Living in a foreign culture can be exciting.（生活在异国文化中会令 人兴奋。）”可知，生活在异国会令人兴奋，但空格所在句与上文之间通过but “但是”构成转折关系，故说 生活在异国也会有不好的方面，即可能令人感到疑惑，下文也提到了几个美国人在异国遇到的一些令人疑 惑的误解经历。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一群在其他国家教英语的美国人最近讨论了他们的经历。A. approaches方法； B. opinions

18、观点；C. experiences 经历；D. schedules 时刻表。根据下文 “On her first day in Micronesia, Lisa thought people were ignoring her requests.（在密克罗尼西亚的第一天，丽莎认为人们忽视了她的要求。）”可 知，丽莎在讲述自己在他国的经历。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为，即使是在“是”和“否”这样简单的问题上，沟通错误总是可能 的。A. amusing有趣的；B.possible可能的；C. unnecessary非必要的；D. important重要的。根据上文“B

19、ut it can also be confusing.（但也会很令人疑惑。）”可知，本文重点在于讲述在异国令人疑惑的事情，沟通错误 就是例子之一个，可推测作者会说这样的事情很常见，很有可能发生。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为，即使是在“是”和“否”这样简单的问题上，沟通错误总是可能 的。A. short短缺的;B. useful有用的;C.simple简单的；D.personal个人的。根据下文“ as “yes” and “no” （类 似“是”和“否”）”可知，可以用是和否回答的问题一般比较简单。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在密克罗尼西亚的

20、第一天，丽莎认为人们忽视了她的要求。A. judging评价；B. meeting 遇见；C. receiving 获得；D. ignoring 忽视。根据下文 “ She went into a store and asked, “Do you have cold drinks?” The woman there didnt say anything.（她走进一家商店，问：“你有冷饮吗？ ”那里的女人什么也没 说。）”可知，丽莎提出问题，对方似乎没有回答她，可想而知她会觉得自己被忽视。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天很热，她需要一杯冷饮。A. windy多风的；B. te

21、rrible糟糕的；C.cold寒冷 的；D.hot炎热的。根据下文“and she needed a cold drink （她需要一杯冷饮）”可知，需要喝冷饮，天气应该 比较热。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽莎重复了一遍问题。A. reconsidered重新考虑；B.faced面对；C. solved解决；D. repeated重复。根据下文uStill the woman said nothing.（这个女士仍然什么也没说）可知，丽莎再次觉得 女士没有回答自己的问题，因此她重复了自己之前的问题。故选D项。28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她后来得知，这名女子回答了

22、她：她扬起了眉毛，在密克罗尼西亚，这意味着 “是。A. answered 回答;B. forgotten 忘记；C. forgiven 原谅；D. mistaken 搞错。根据下文 uShe had raisedher eyebrows, which in Micronesia means “yes”.（她扬起了眉毛，在密克罗尼西亚，这意味着“是”。）”可知， 这个女士以自己国家的方式用动作回答了丽莎的问题。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让简想起了她在保加利亚的经历。A. convinced使确信；B. reminded提醒，使 想起；C. informed 通知；D. w

23、arned 警告。根据上文 A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences.（一群在其他国家教英语的美国人最近讨论了他们的经历。）”可知，这一群人在讨论，故一人讲完自己的经历，会让被人想起自己类似的经历。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她去了一家餐馆，这家餐馆因一道名叫塞馅卷心菜的菜而闻名。A. meal餐；B.diet 节食；C.dish 一道菜；D. vegetable蔬菜。根据本句搭配“stuffed cabbage （塞馅卷心菜

24、）”可知，这是一道菜 的名称。故选C项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他点头。A. turned转；B.shook摇动；C.hung悬挂；D. nodded点头。根据下文 “Jan eagerly waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means no”.（简急切地等待着, 但塞馅卷 心菜一直没有来。在那个国家，点头意味着“不”。）”可知，这家餐馆那天并没有这道菜，故服务员点头， 表示没有。因此简一直没有等到这道菜。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤姆到达印度时也遇到了同样的问题。A. di

25、fficult困难的；B.special特殊的； C. normal 正常的；D. similar 相似的。根据下文 “In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways according to where they come from.（在印度，人们会根据他们来自的地方以不同的方式点头和摇头。）”可知， 印度不同地区的人点头或者摇头的意思并不统一，故也会产生上文出现过的类似误解现象。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在课堂上解释了一些事情后，他问学生是否理解。A. explaining解释；B. admit

26、ting 承认；C. proving 证明；D. announcing 宣告。根据下文“ They responded with many different nods and shakes of the heads.（他们用许多不同的点头和摇头来回应。）”可知，汤姆在课堂问学生是否理解，学生也给予回复 了，因此在此之前，汤姆应该是向学生解释说明了什么事情。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很快意识到学生确实理解了。A. realised意识到；B.hoped希望；C. showed 展示；D. pretended 假装。 根据上文 “ He guessed some peop

27、le had not understood, so he explained again. When he asked again if they understood, they did the same thing.（他猜有些人不明白，所以他又解释了一遍。当他再次询 问他们是否理解时，他们也做了同样的事情。）”可知，当他再次解释之后，学生的反应一样，汤姆才意识 到对于这一个班的学生而言，一部分人的点头和另一部分人的摇头可能意思一样。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你必须知道一个人来自哪里，才能知道他们是否在表示“是”或“否”。 A.readout 读出；B.letout

28、 发出（声音）；C. figure out 弄清楚；D. point out 指出。根据上文 “In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways according to where they come from. （E3度，人们会根据他们来自的地 方以不同的方式点头和摇头。可知，只有搞清楚人们来自哪个地方，才能弄清楚他们的点头或者摇头到底是什么含义。故选C项。第二节（共10小题;每小题L 5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。After college I wanted to

29、make a difference in the world, so I became a volunteer teacher and 36 (send) to Namibia. Honestly my first choice wasnt Africa, but I am extremely grateful that I had the chance. So with a group of 37 (equal) eager young graduates, I went on my journey.Schools were quite bare, and the students 38 (

30、have) tiring days, walking miles to get to school, often barefoot. With their mountains 39 work at home, few 40 (possession) and little opportunity, these children were joyful, which I admired.This was my first time 41 (live) abroad in a different culture and simply getting used to the living condit

31、ions 42 (be) big adjustment. I had no electricity, running water, phone or the Internet. Imagine no air-conditioning at a place 43 the temperature often goes beyond 38 degrees Celsius! Some days it was just too hot to move.However, I could end each day with a 44 (glory) African sunset. And at night,

32、 I had a light-pollution-free view of the entire Milky Way. Before Namibia, I never thought I would survive in such an environment. My experience awakened me to not only the limitations 45 (place) on ourselves, but also our amazing ability to adapt. Stepping out of your comfort zone in another cultu

33、re will certainly make your life worthwhile.【答案】36. was sent37. equally38. had 39. of40. possessions41. to live42. was 43. where44. glorious45. to place【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学毕业后被派往纳米比亚成为一名志愿教师的经历和感想。 【36题详解】考查时态语态。句意：所以我成为了一名志愿教师，被派往纳米比亚。u After college I wanted to make a difference in the world

34、, so I became a volunteer teacherv可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情,且 send 和主语 I 是逻辑动宾关系，表示“被派往”，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was sent。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：于是，我带着一群同样热心的年轻毕业生，踏上了我的旅程。此处修饰形容词eager,应 用副词equally,作状语。故填equally。【38题详解】考查动词时态。句意：学校里光秃秃的，学生们整天都很累，步行几英里去上学，常常光着脚。根据语境 可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填had。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：在家里工作堆积如山，财产很少，机会很

35、少，这些孩子很快乐，我很钦佩。固定短语mountains of “大量的。故填of。【40题详解】查名词复数。句意：在家里工作堆积如山，财产很少，机会很少，这些孩子很快乐，我很钦佩。表示“财 产”，常用名词复数possessions。故填possessions。41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是我第一次在不同的文化中生活，仅仅适应那里的生活条件就需要很大的调整。序数词+名词，后跟不定式，作后置定语，故填t。live。【42题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是我第一次在不同的文化中生活，仅仅适应那里的生活条件就需要很大的 调整。根据语境可知，句子描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时态，主语为动名

36、词，谓语动词使用第三人称 单数形式。故填was。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：想象一下在一个温度经常超过38摄氏度的地方没有空调！此处是限定性定语从句， 先行词是aplace,关系词作定语从句中的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意:然而，我可以以一个辉煌的非洲日落来结束每一天。此处修饰名词African sunset,应 用形容词glorious,作定语。故填glorious。45题详解】考查不定式。句意：我的经历不仅唤醒了我们对自身的局限性，也唤醒了我们惊人的适应能力。作the limitations的定语，常用动词不定式。故填to pl

37、aceo第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假设你是我校高一学生李华，从网络新闻得知有人大肆捕杀东北虎，你感到十分气愤。据此，请你给中国日报(China Daily)报社编辑写一封信，就此事发表你的观点并对保护东北虎提出你的建议。注意：1 .词数80左右；2 .可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3 .开头语和结束语已为你写好。参考词汇：东北虎Siberian tigerDear Editor,fve just learnt the news online aboutYours sincerely,LiHua【答案One possible version:Dear Edi

38、tor,I am so sorry to learn the news about killing Siberian tigers. Ifs time to take action to avoid their dying out.Its said that the population of Siberian tigers is getting smaller continuously. There are two main reasons. The first reason is that some people want their skins and bones to earn mon

39、ey. Secondly, too many trees have been cut down, which has destroyed the places they live.Lefs protect their habitat and ask fbr laws to punish the tiger hunters.Yours sincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本书面写作为一篇建议信。要求考生以高一学生李华的身份，给中国日报报社编辑写一封信，就 有人大肆捕杀东北虎发表观点，并对保护东北虎提出自己的建议。【详解】1.词汇积累灭绝：die out一become extinct继续

40、地：continuously一sequentially嫌钱：earn moneymake money其 次：secondly一besides2 .句式拓展合并简单句原句：Its said that the population of Siberian tigers is getting smaller continuously. There are two main reasons. 拓展句：Its said that the population of Siberian tigers is getting smaller continuously mainly because of two

41、reasons.【点睛 J 高分句型 1 The first reason is that some people want their skins and bones to earn money.（运用 了 that 引导的表语从句和不定式作目的状语）高分句型 2 Secondly, too many trees have been cut down, which has destroyed the places they live.（运用 了 which 引导的非限定性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47 .阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。On a

42、winter Sunday good for skiing, Sue arrived at their holiday chalet （棚屋）with joy. Sues skis were sticking out behind her. Mark, another skier, tripped over Sues skis. Before Sue could apologize, Mike shouted, “Your skis are in the way. Youve got big smelly feet! In view of his attitude, Sue ignored h

43、im. Mark lost face and was more angry.The ski lift took all the skiers to the top of the mountain. The hard snow of the piste （滑雪道）was below them. Then Sue skied down the mountain. As a good skier, she didnt fall over. Mark, along with his good friend David, was watching her with envy and anger. The

44、y were also good skiers but they didnt know Sue very well. Shes good,“ David said. “But were better,Mark responded with dissatisfaction.The young people skied all day. They enjoyed themselves and forgot everything. On Wednesday morning, the young people were waiting for the ski lift when their teach

45、er announced a ski race. The race would be arranged for the last day of the holiday on a long and difficult ten-kilometer piste. Everybody wanted to win! They went up the mountain, put on their skis and skied down the piste, practicing for the race. Sue skied fast, so did Mark and David. Obviously,

46、these three became powerful opponents.It was Saturday and the race was going to be held in the afternoon. Sue was hungry and left her skis at the side of a cafe. She sat down and ordered lunch. Later, David and Mark came in. They also headed to the side to put their skis there. Mark noticed Sues ski

47、s and aimed a kick angrily at them. Then he found a screw （螺丝）on Sues ski was loose, unsure whether it was caused by the force or it was like that originally. Sues skis wont work. Were sure to win,“ Mark said and pointed. They smiled knowingly at each other.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；48 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Fina

48、lly came the time of the race and everyone was excited.Maybe feeling guilty or nervous, Mark made a mistake and fell down when Sue approached him.【答案】Paragraph 1:Finally came the time of the race and everyone was excited. With the referee saying Get set, go”, all skiers raced down. Unsurprisingly, Sue fell over seconds later. Noticing the loose screw, she slid across the snow and off the piste. D