2022-2023学年福建省三明市高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、三明市2022-2023学年第一学期普通高中期末质量检测高一英语试题注意事项:1 .答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名填写在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上的信息。2 .回答选择题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答。如在试卷上作答，答案无效。3 .考试结束，监考员将答题卡收回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。

2、每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C, 9.15.答案是C。1. What color jacket is Bob wearing?A. White.B. Blue.C. Black.2. Which place does the man want to go to?A. A bank. B. A library. C. A restaurant.3. What happened to the man

3、?A. His MP4 player was lost.B. His MP4 player was damaged.C. He failed to get his MP4 player back.4. What does the man do?A. A taxi driver. B. A policeman. C. A salesman.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a store.B. In a bank.C. At the mans house.第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对

4、话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. When will the woman leave for Newcastle on Friday?A. At 10 am.B. At 12 am.C. At 2 pm.地区的人们建立了联系，因此那里的人们的生活可以得到改善。由此猜测划线词意为“提高”，与improve 同义。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 “Drones are helpi

5、ng to connect with and enhance the lives of people in lonely locations. In the UK, the Royal Mail wants 500 drones to help deliver the mail to far-away communities. ”（无人机正在帮助 与偏远地区的人们建立联系，并改善他们的生活。在英国，皇家邮政需要500架无人机来帮助将邮件送到 遥远的社区。）以及第四段“ Drones could also play a part in improving the health of millio

6、ns of people. For example, writing for BBC Future website, Harriet Constable describes an unbelievable development project by the University of South Australia. The plan is for drones to finally be able to survey populations for diseases by reading the blood oxygen levels of humans from the air. The

7、yll also be able to examine other important signs, like coughing and a high temperature.”（无人机还可以在改善数百万人的健康方面发挥作用。例如，哈里特康斯特布尔在为BBC 未来网站撰文时，描述了南澳大利亚大学一个令人难以置信的发展项目。该计划是让无人机最终能够通过 从空气中读取人类血氧水平来调查人群的疾病。他们还可以检查其他重要的症状，比如咳嗽和高烧。）故可 推知，作者是通过陈述事实来介绍无人机好处的。故选A项。【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Jessica Brown, a governmen

8、t official says: If our skies are to become as crowded as our streets, airspace rules need updating to prevent accidents.There are also related problems, such as noisepollution.”（政府官员杰西卡布朗（JessicaBrown）表示：“如果我们的天空要变得像街道一样拥挤，空域规则就需要更新，以防止事故发生。”还有一些相关的问题，比如噪音污染。）可推知，无人机的发展会造成污 染。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，

9、满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Clownfish like to live in coral reefs, but they dons spend their whole lives there. In the first few months after they are born, they wander“ in the open sea. When the baby clownfish grow big enough to swim, they hurry home.They cant see the reef, how

10、ever. 16But humans一and their ships, speedboats, energy exploration platforms and even surfing一have made the ocean an unbearably noisy place. 17 In the case of baby clownfish, they make them unable to find their way home.18 There are still many other sea animals depending on their ability to hear for

11、 their survival. They use sounds to sense their environment and to communicate. Dolphins call one another by unique names. Toadfish hum. Whales sing.Many sea animals swim away from the noises. 19 But slow-moving animals like sea cucumbers （海参） are left helpless. In some places, human-made noises are

12、 everywhere. Animals have to permanently move away from these noises to quieter places. They are then forced to compete against others for the same pools of resources. Over time, their populations start to become smaller.Luckily, the noise is a controllable pollutant. tWe know exactly what causes th

13、e noise, we know where it is and we know how to stop it said Steve Simpson, a biologist in England. 20 Wind-powered boats have been developed. Shipping routes can also be moved away from certain areas. Researchers are calling fbr stricter rules. We have noise standards fbr cars and trucks J said Car

14、los Duarte, another biologist. Why should we not have them for ships?”A. Clownfish are not the only ones to suffer.B. Many solutions to this problem already exist.C. Some animals could swim fast to catch food.D. These noises are often louder than the natural ones.E. Instead, they depend on the small

15、 noises that a reef lets out.F. Whales, for example, can learn to avoid busy shipping routes.G. Actually, the ocean has always been home to many clownfish.【答案】16.E17. D 18. A 19. F 20. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了人类的活动产生了大量的噪音，导致海洋生物陷入危险，而问题 的许多解决方案已经存在，我们应该执行它们。【16题详解】根据前文 “When the baby clownfish grow

16、big enough to swim, they hurry home. They cant see the reef, however.（当小丑鱼宝宝长到能游泳时，它们就匆忙回家。然而，他们看不到珊瑚礁）”可知，此处在说小丑 鱼长大后会回到珊瑚礁，但是它们不能看到珊瑚礁，所以空处应说明，它们是如何找到珊瑚礁，E项“Instead, they depend on the small noises that a reef lets out.（相反，它们依赖于珊瑚礁发出的微小噪音）”符合文意，上 下文是替代关系。故选E项。【17题详解】根据前文 “But humansand their ships

17、, speedboats, energy exploration platforms and even surfinghave made the ocean an unbearably noisy place.（但人类以及他们的船只、快艇、能源勘探平台，甚至冲浪已经使海洋变成了 一个令人难以忍受的嘈杂之地）”和下文“In the case of baby clownfish, they make them unable to find their way home.（以小小丑鱼为例，它们让它们找不到回家的路。）”可知，本段在讲述人类活动产生的 噪音影响让海洋变成了嘈杂之地，小丑鱼都不能听到珊瑚

18、礁发出的微小声音,找到回家的路，所以D项“These noises are often louder than the natural ones.（这些声音通常比自然声音更大）”符合文意。承上启下。故选D项。【18题详解】根据后文 “There are still many other sea animals depending on their ability to hear for their survival. They use sounds to sense their environment and to communicate.（还有许多其他海洋动物依靠它们的听觉生存。它们用声 音

19、来感知环境并进行交流）”可知，本段主要讲述了还有其他海洋生物遭受噪音的影响，所以A项“Clownfish are not the only ones to suffer.（小丑鱼并不是唯一的受害者）”符合文意，承接上文“In the case of baby clownfish, they make them unable to find their way home.（以小小丑鱼为例，它们让它们找不到回家的路。）”。故选A项。 【19题详解】根据前文“Many sea animals swim away from the noises.（许多海洋动物为了躲避噪音而游开）”以及后文“But s

20、low-moving animals like sea cucumbers are left helpless.（但像海参这样行动缓慢的动物却束手无策）”可知， 此处是在讲述，许多海洋动物会躲避噪音，并举例，所以F项“Whales, for example, can learn to avoid busy shipping routes.（例如，鲸鱼可以学会避开繁忙的航线）”符合文意，与下文海参因为行动缓慢无法躲避噪音 是转折关系，But是关键词。故选F项。【20题详解】 根据前文 uLuckily, the noise is a controllable pollutant. We know

21、 exactly what causes the noise, we know where it is and we know how to stop it said Steve Simpson, a biologist in England.（幸运的是，噪音是一种可控的污 染物。英国生物学家史蒂夫辛普森说：“我们确切地知道是什么引起了噪音，我们知道它在哪里，我们知道 如何阻止它。以及后文Wind-powered boats have been developed. Shipping routes can also be moved awayfrom certain areas.（风力船已经开

22、发出来。航线也可以从某些地区移开）”可知，本段是在讲防治噪音污染的方法，且这些方法已经存在，所以B项“Many solutions to this problem already exist.（这个问题的许多解决方案已经存在）”符合文意。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A few years back, I enjoyed my summer vacation at New Yorks Harriman State Park with a good fri

23、end.Our 21 was the beautiful Lake Sebago. It was certainly a 22 place with tent platforms, a number of kayaks and swimming areas.As soon as we reached the best nearby 23 spot, my friend began unloading the baggage, and passed me a fishing pole,I 24 the pole in what I considered to be the perfect pla

24、ce and attempted to cast（扔）the25 in the water. After just a few 26 attempts. I finally had it down. Soon a 10-inch bluegill（蓝腮太阳鱼）caught it. Feeling excited but 27 I pulled it up. The water was rather shallow （浅的），so thefish wasnt able to 28or really run with the line. Even though it jumped out of t

25、he water several times duringmy 29 with this very first fish, I was still able to 30At this time, my friend began running around the dock like a child 31 in search of something. I neverrealized what that reaction was about until he shouted at me in excitement, Hey man, you 32 my dearestfish!”I caugh

26、t a total of six fish that day. Since then, Fve come to 33 the magical feeling of casting a line and then waiting,34 to see the fish that I might meet with at the end of my pole. Ive also realizedthe 35 of fishing, the line and the beautiful green waters rippling in front.21. A. goal22. A. nice23. A

27、. picnic24. A. positioned25. A. tent26. A. successful27. A. confused28. A. fall down29. A. stay30. A. run away31. A. sadly32. A. landed33. A. balance34. A. aiming35. A. way【答案】2LB 22. AD 32. A 33. CB. destinationB. uniqueB. swimmingB. heldB. meatB. failedB.shockedB. turn upB. communicationB. hold on

28、B. frightenedlyB. hurtB. getB. expectingB. effect23. C 24. A34. B 35. CC. shelterC. historicC. fishingC. stuckC. fishC. braveC. disappointedC. give inC. struggleC. move onC. hurriedlyC. ownedC. appreciateC. intendingC. attractionD. choiceD. flatD. campingD. tiedD. lineD. satisfyingD. nervousD.speed

29、upD. competitionD. calm downD. madlyD. stoleD. imagineD. attemptingD. future25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因为一次外出游玩钓鱼 经历，让作者从此喜欢上钓鱼的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目的地是美丽的塞贝戈湖。A.goal目标；B. destination目的地；C. shelter避难所；D. choice 选择。根据下文 u As soon as we reached the best nearby 3

30、 spot,” 可推知，此处为我 们的目的地是美丽的塞贝戈湖。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这当然是一个不错的地方，有帐篷平台，一些皮划艇和游泳区。A. nice很好 的；B. unique独特的；C.historic历史上重要的；D.flat平的。根据前文“I enjoyed my summer vacation ” 以及该句中的“with tent platforms, a number of kayaks and swimming areas.n可知，此处为这当然是一个不错 的地方，有帐篷平台，一些皮划艇和游泳区。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一

31、到达附近最好的钓鱼地点，我的朋友就开始卸下行李，递给我一根鱼竿。A. picnic 野餐；B. swimming 游泳；C. fishing 钓鱼；D. camping 野营。 根据该句中的 “and passed me a fishing pole.”可知，此处为我们一到达附近最好的钓鱼地点，我的朋友就开始卸下行李，递给我一根鱼竿。故选C 项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把鱼竿放在我认为最合适的地方，然后试着把鱼线投进水里。A. positioned将置于;B.held 举起；C.stuck 卡在;D. tied 系。根据该句中的 “what【considered to be t

32、he perfect place”可推知，此处为我把鱼竿放在我认为最合适的地方。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把鱼竿放在我认为最合适的地方，然后试着把鱼线投进水里。A. tent帐篷；B. meat 肉；C. fish 鱼；D. line 线。根据句意以及下文 u Tve come to 13the magical feeling of casting aline and then waiting”可知，此处为试着把鱼线投进水里。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:经过几次失败的尝试，我终于把它放下了。A. successful成功的；B. failed失 败

33、的；C.brave勇敢的;D.satisfying满意的。根据该句中的“I finally had it down.”可推知，此处为经过几 次失败的尝试，我终于把它放下了。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既兴奋又紧张，把它拉了起来。A. confused困惑的；B. shocked震惊的；C. disappointed失望的；D. nervous紧张的。根据句意以及but转折可知，此处为我既兴奋又紧张，把它拉了起 来。故选D项。28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：水很浅，所以鱼不能沉下去，也不能带着鱼线跑。A. fall down下沉；B. turn up 出现；C.giv

34、ein屈服，让步；D. speed up力口速。根据该句中的“The water was rather shallow”可推知，此处 为水很浅，所以鱼不能沉下去。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我和第一条鱼搏斗的过程中，尽管它几次跳出水面，我还是抓住了它。A. stay 逗留；B. communication 交流；C. struggle 搏斗；D. competition 比赛。根据下文 “with this very first fishn句意以及结合各个选项意思可知，此处为和第一条鱼搏斗的过程，struggle with ”和搏斗”符合语境。 故选C项。【30题详解】考

35、查动词短语辨析。句意：在我和第一条鱼搏斗的过程中，尽管它几次跳出水面，我还是抓住了它。A. run away跑开；B. hold on抓住；C. move on继续进行；D. calm down使镇静。根据句意以及该句中的“Even though it jumped out of the water several times”可知，此处为在我和第一条鱼搏斗的过程中，尽管它几次跳出水面， 我还是抓住了它。故选B项。31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这时，我的朋友开始围着码头跑，像一个疯狂地寻找什么东西的孩子。A. sadly 难过地；B. frightenedly害怕地；C.hurriedl

36、y急急忙忙地；D.madly疯狂地。根据该句中的“like a child”以 及下文 “I never realized what that reaction was about until he shouted at me in excitement”可推知，此处为这时, 我的朋友开始围着码头跑，像一个疯狂地寻找什么东西的孩子。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直没有意识到他的反应是什么，直到他兴奋地对我喊道：“嘿，伙计，你钓 到了我最亲爱的鱼！ A. landed将（上钩的鱼）钓上来；B.hurt伤害；downed拥有；D.stole偷。根据句 意以及该句中的“my d

37、earest fish”可知，此处为你钓到了我最亲爱的鱼！故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我就开始体会到那种神奇的感觉：放一条线，然后等待，期待着看 到我可能会在鱼竿末端遇到的鱼。A. balance平衡；B. get得到；C.appreciate体会；意识到;D. imagine想 象。根据下文“Ive also realized”可知，空处的词义应和“realise”意义相近,选项C符合题意，故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我就开始体会到那种神奇的感觉：放一条线，然后等待，期待着看 到我可能会在鱼竿末端遇到的鱼。A.aiming旨在；B.

38、expecting期待;C. intending打算；D.attempting尝试。 根据上文提到的我就开始想象那种神奇的感觉：放一条线，然后等待一连串的动作，可推知，此处为放一 条线，然后等待，期待着看到我可能会在鱼竿末端遇到的鱼。为整个钓鱼的过程。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也感受到了钓鱼的吸引力，钓线和眼前荡漾的美丽碧水。A. way方式；B. effect 影响；C. attraction 吸引力；D. future 未来。根据句意以及该句中的“the line and the beautiful green waters rippling in front.可推

39、知，此处为我也感受到了钓鱼的吸引力，钓线和眼前荡漾的美丽碧水。故选C项。第二节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分）根据句子意思，在空白处填入适当的词语或括号内单词的正确形式。36. As a senior high school student, Fil have to get used to being responsible a lot more.（用适当的词填空）【答案】for【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：我得更加努力地学习，习惯承担更多责任。固定短语be responsible for意为“对 负责”由设空处前的being responsible及设空处后的a lot

40、 more可知，此处应填介词for。故填for。37. Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious（challenge） we face.（所给单词适当，法式填 空）【答案】challenges【解析】【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：环境的破坏是我们面临的最严重的挑战之一。oneof表示之一，其 后用可数名词复数。故填challenges。38. The UN meetings only two languages are used may need only one interpreter.（用适当的词填空）【答案】whe

41、re【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：联合国会议仅使用两种语言，只需要一名口译译员。分析句子结构可知， 设空处需填引导词，引导定语从句，从句主语是languages,从句谓语是are used,先行词是UN meetings, 在从句中作状语，即in the UN meeting,所以从句应用where引导，相当于in which。故填where。39. It is high time to stop the people who are hunting（illegal）.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】illegally【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：是时候阻止那些非法狩猎的人了。由副词修

42、饰动词可知，此处为副词illegally修 饰动词 are huntingo故填 illegally o40. （write） Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.【答案】Written【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：书面汉语也成为连接中国现在和过去 重要手段。write与Chinese构成 被动关系，故用过去分词形式作定语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Written。41. Don9t lose heart! Keep moving, a

43、nd you can make to your goal.（用适当的词填空）【答案】it【解析】【详解】考查短语。句意：别灰心!继续前进，你就能实现你的目标。makeit成功；达到预定目标。根据句 意,故填it。42. Hundreds of houses（destroy） by the volcanic eruption, leaving many people homeless last week.（所给 词的适当形式填空）【答案】were destroyed【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：上周，火山爆发摧毁了数百座房屋，许多人无家可归。分析句子可知，此处为 谓语动词的填入，因主语Hund

44、reds of houses复数名词和destroy为被动关系，结合last week时间状语可知, 此处为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填were destroyedo43. Having been on a diet for months, Kayla became（slim） than befor已（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】slimmer【解析】【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：经过几个月的节食，凯拉变得比以前苗条了。根据介词than可知，用 形容词的比较级形式。根据句意，故填slimmer。44. Workers built shelters for survivors homes

45、had been destroyed.（用适当的词填空）【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。分析句子可知，本句 是定语从句，survivors是先行词，在定语从句中与homes二者是所属关系，即幸存者的房屋，定语从句中 表示“人的/物的”要用“whose”。故填whoseo45. What is amazing is that the（wise） of ancient people was limitless.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】wisdom【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：令人惊奇的是，古人的智慧是无限的。由空前定冠词

46、the可知，此处为名词的填 入,和of后的ancient people形成所属关系，wisdom为不可数名词。故填wisdom。第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Straw patchwork （麦秆画）is a well-known Chinese art and 46 （have） a history of over 2,000 years. It traces its roots to folk art, starting as handicrafts used by local governments to

47、show respect to emperors during theSui Dynasty.Straw patchwork is handmade and takes full advantage of the straws natural glow and 47 (it) material to describe landscapes, flowers, animals and human figures. The visual images and wonderful handicrafts are not only a good reflection of deep 48 (tradi

48、tion) Chinese culture, but also a wonderful artwork used as decorations.49 artistic techniques used in straw patchwork draw on many other art forms such as paper cut, print, painting, etc. Each patchwork requires a process 50 includes more than ten steps long. The process 51 (clever) combines a variety of techniques to show skilled workmanshi