2022-2023学年山东省济宁市高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2022-2023学年第一学期期中质量检测高三英语试题本试卷分第I卷和第n卷两部分，共14页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后, 将第II卷答题卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项L答题前，考生务必用05毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在 答题卡和第II卷答题卷规定的位置上2 .第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号3 .第H卷答题卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应 的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改 液、

2、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效第I卷（共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5个小题每小题L5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例 How much is the shirtA.19.15.B.9.18C.9.15答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the speakers probably do next?A. Tour Boston.B. Visit

3、 CarolineC. Watch the news【答案】B【解析】原文M: You look happy, Alice. Any good news?W: Caroline has come back from Boston!M: Really?! Shall we go and see her right now?W: Thafs what Tm here fbr.为了减少食物浪费，莫里森公司将在大部分牛奶上去掉“食用截止日期”。故选A。25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I pay close attention to both packaging and price.（我非常注意

4、包装和价格。）” 可知，作者的消费习惯是她更关心价格。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段The handful of times I have looked at expiration dates have been for short-lived items like prepackaged salad greens. What Ive found, however, is that the dates mean little. Even a package that claims to be fresh can still have rotten yellow leave

5、s at the bottom, which turns me off.（我看过的几次保质期都是 预先包装的蔬菜沙拉等短期食品。然而，我发现，日期意义不大。即使是号称新鲜的包装，底部也可能有 腐烂的黄叶，这让我很反感。）”可推知，作者举了一个“预先包装的蔬菜沙拉”的例子来强调保质期的无 用性。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “Earlier this month, British supermarket chain Morrisons announced that it would be removing “use by, dates on most of its milk.

6、（本月早些时候，英国连锁超市莫里森（Morrisons）宣布，将在大部 分牛奶中去掉“食用日期”。）”和第二段 The fact is that significant amounts of food get wasted every year by people blindly following expiration dates, rather than their senses. What makes matters worse is that most dates dont mean much, any way .（事实是，每年有大量的食物被浪费是因为人们盲目地遵循保质期，而不是他们的

7、感官。 更糟糕的是，大多数日期都没有什么意义。）”以及下文中作者通过自己消费习惯和生活中的例子的论述可 知，文章主要讲述了作者为什么会忽视食物的保质期。故选D。CThe beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage. About a third of Malagasy children have no access to education because the schools are too far away or severely overcrowded. Thinking Huts, a non

8、-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022.The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house 30 students. The construction began with the printer pouring a ceme

9、nt-like（水泥状）mixture in a pattern to create the walls. The entire process took just 18 hours! The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area. Bougainvillea was 3D printed by 14 Trees, a company with

10、 experience printing buildings throughout Kenya and Malawi.Maggie Grouts, the 22-year-old founder of Thinking Huts, is a senior at the University of Colorado and was just15 when she started Thinking Huts. Adopted from a rural village when she was 18months old, Grout realized that not all kids were a

11、s fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good.The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more sc

12、hools to be built in less time and reduces the buildings carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure （基石出设施）to help bridge the global opportunity gap.Thinking Huts hopes to have a Thinking Hut in every community where children do not

13、 have a place for education and is fundraising to develop this goal. By using 3D printing, we are combining the potential of technology with architectural solutions that tackle real problems the world faces within education,says Grouts.28. What are 3D-printed schools intended for?A. Reducing constru

14、ction wastes.B. Helping deal with a shortage of schools.C. Providing high-quality education for local students.D. Drawing public attention to 3D-printing technology.29. Which of the following statements best describes Bougainvillea?A. It has a complex architectural structure.B. It features strong re

15、sistance to bad weather.C. It is built with the help of the local government.D. It can hold more students than traditional schools.30. What can be inferred about Maggie Grouts from the text?A. She is truly creative and warmhearted.B. She had no access to school as a child.C. She is devoted to design

16、ing 3D-printed products.D. She raised money for kids from rural areas.31. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?A. The advantages of 3D-printed schools.B. The wide popularity of 3D-printing technology.C. The significance of narrowing the global opportunity gap.D. The impact of 3D-printed buildi

17、ngs on the environment.【答案】28. B 29. B 30. A 31. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了 Maggie Grouts在马达加斯加创办3D打印学校的事迹。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中 “The beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage.（美丽的 岛国马达加斯加存在严重的学校短缺问题。）”及Thinking Huts, a non-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education

18、, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022.（致力于增加全球教育机会的非营利组织Thinking Huts计划通过一系列3D打印学校来解决这一 问题，其中第一所学校已于2022年4月建成。）”可知，3D打印学校的目的是帮助解决学校短缺问题。故 选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 “The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house

19、30 students.（这座 占地 765 平方英尺的建筑名为 Bougainvillea,将容纳 30 名学生。）”及“The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area.（屋顶、 门和窗户都来自当地，墙壁由水泥混合物制成，可以抵抗该地区巨大的环境压力。）”可知，Bougainvillea 的建筑特点是抵抗坏天气能力强。故选B项。【30题详解】推

20、理判断题。根据第三段中 u Adopted from a rural village when she was 18months old, Grout realized that not all kids were as fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good. （Grouts 在 18 个月大的

21、时候从一个农村被收养， 她意识到并不是所有的孩子都像她一样幸运，她想要帮助他们。建立3D打印学校的想法来自于她和父亲的 头脑风暴，讨论如何将这项技术用于更大的利益。）”可知，Maggie Grouts很有创造力（创办3D打印学校）, 也很热心（帮助孩子们接受教育）。故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段 “The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more schools to be bui

22、lt in less time and reduces the buildings carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure （基础设施）to help bridge the global opportunity gap. （3D打印方法将施工周转时间从几个月缩短到几天，也降低了成本。这使得在更短的 时间内建造更多的学校，减少了建筑的碳足迹。这些在时间、成本和材料上的节省满足了教育基础设施的 实际需求，以帮助弥合全球

23、机会差距。）”等内容可知，本段主要讲了 3D打印学校的优势。故选A项。DHave you ever taken a look at a few lovely chickens and desired to touch and kiss them? Apparently, for some people the urge is hard to resist. However, according to an updated warning by the Centers for Disease Control （CDC） doing so could spread dangerousmaybe e

24、ven life-treatening-Salmonella. So, no matter how irresistible those little feathered birds may seem, avoid giving them a kiss.This isnt the first time the CDC has warned against physically touching or kissing your poultry. Back in 2018 Halloween, they advised against dressing the birds up for fear

25、of spreading Salmonella. Then again, in May this year, with 474 cases reported, another warning was issued. According to interviews with 271 of those affected, 77 percent had been in contact with poultry before getting sick.Backyard poultry, like chickens and ducks, can carry Salmonella bacteria eve

26、n if they look healthy and clean J writes the CDC. These bacteria can easily spread to anything in the areas where the poultry live. You can get sick from touching your poultry or anything in their environment and then touching your mouth or food, and swallowing Salmonella bacteria.Most people who c

27、ome into contact with the Salmonella bacteria will experience diarrhea （腹泻）,fever, and stomach cramp. Children are particularly affected-one in three sick people are below the age of five, which is intelligible given their weaker immune systems and natural love for the birds.The CDC recommends that

28、parents shouldnt let little children touch chicks, ducks, or other backyard poultry and make sure that if they do, they should wash their hands thoroughly afterward. Likewise, adults are instructed to do the same after touching backyard poultry and their eggs should be cleaned, stored, and cooked co

29、rrectly to avoid the infection of Salmonella.This might be easier said than done-for many people, backyard chickens are beloved-but if you really love them, stop physical displays of affection in case you end up with Salmonella bacteria on your face. It turns out to be a bit of harm.32. Why does CDC

30、 repeatedly warn people not to kiss chickens?A. To protect the poultry.B.To show love to chickens.C. To get rid of Salmonella.D.To stay safe from potential danger.33. How is paragraph 2 mainly developed?A. By giving examples.B.By showing statistics.C. By making comparison.D.By interviewing victims.3

31、4. What does the underlined word intelligible“ probably mean in paragraph 4?A. Understandable. B. Irresistible.C. Unavoidable.D. Controversial.35. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?A. Stress the importance of affection.B. Add more background information.C. Provide some suggesti

32、ons for the readers.D. Summarize the theme of the passage.【答案】32. D 33. A 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述疾控中心不断地警告人们为了避免危险，不要触摸亲吻小鸡，小鸭等家 禽。【32题详解】细节理解题。 根据第段 u However, according to an updated warning.doing so could spread dangerousmaybe even life-threateningSalmonella （沙门菌X然而，根据疾病控制中心的最新警告，这样做可能会传播危

33、险， 甚至威胁生命的沙门菌）”可知，疾控中心不断地警告人们不要亲吻小鸡是为了避免潜在的危险，确保安全。 故选Do【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段 “Back in 2018 Halloween, they advised against dressing the birds up for fear of spreading Salmonella.（早在2018年万圣节，他们就建议不要给这些鸟穿衣服，以免沙门氏菌传播）”和“Then again, in May this year, with 474 cases reported, another warning was issued. Ac

34、cording to interviews with 271 of those affected, 77 percent had been in contact with poultry before getting sick.（然而，在今年 5 月，报告 了 474 个病例 后，又发出了另一个警告。根据对271名患者的采访，77%的人在生病之前曾与家禽有过接触）”可知，该 段主要是通过举例的方式展开的，分别列举了 2018年万圣节和今年5月的事例。故选A。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据戈 |J线词前“Children are particularly affected-one in thre

35、e sick people are below the age of five-（儿 童受到的影响尤其严重一一三分之一的病人年龄在五岁以下）”可知，儿童受影响最严重。而根据划线词后 “given their weaker immune （免疫）systems and natural love for the birds.（鉴于他们较弱的免疫系统和对鸟类的 自然爱护）”给出了儿童受影响最严重的原因。这些原因使这种现象易于理解了，故画线词意思是“易于理 解的A. Understandable.易于理解的；B.Irresistible.嫉妒诱人的；C. Unavoidable.不可避免的；D.Con

36、troversial.有争议的；故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。结合文章的主要内容，和最后一段“This might be easier said than done-for many people, backyard chickens are beloved-but if you really love them, stop physical displays of affection in case you end up with Salmonella bacteria on your face. It turns out to be a bit of harm.（这可能说起来容易做起来

37、难对很多人来说,后院的鸡是他们的最爱一一但是如果你真的爱它们，就不要再用肢体表达爱意了，以免脸上沾上沙门氏菌。 事实证明这是有一点害处的）”可推知，该段总结概括了文章主旨。故选D。第二节（共5小题每小题2.5分，满分125分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself? Things may not always go as planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and wo

38、rk your way out of tricky situations.Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. 36 They can also be anything else thafs useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, t

39、he ability youre born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. Theyre thinking about how to solve the problem.37 when we learn to problem solve fbr ourselves

40、 rather than immediately going to others for help, itcan help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed a

41、nd more prepared next time.38 This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feelabout yourself.When you,re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the

42、problem as you can. 39 Finally, review what has and hasnt worked, so youre equipped to deal with a situation next time.And remember, if you have a tricky problem that youre unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult fbr help.40A. You also learn what youre good at.B. Here is how you can be more resour

43、ceful.C. These may be practical things like pens and paper.D. No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves.E. Resourcefulness is a skill thats good fbr you in lots of ways.F. They can be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on.G. Weigh up whats good and bad about each one and choos

44、e the best.【答案】36. F 37. E 38. A 39. G 40. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到棘手的问题时的应对方法，要足智多谋，随机应变。【36题详解】根据上一句Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time.（足智多谋的意思是找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题，利用你目前所拥有的任何资 源）”和下文They can also be anything else

45、thats useful, such as information, advice or your own experience.（它 们也可以是任何其他有用的东西，例如信息、建议或您自己的经验。）“上文提到可以使用拥有的任何资源, 下文提到“也可以是其他有用的东西“可知，设空处需要第一次例举这些有用的东西。结合选项可知，选项 F.They can be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on.（它们可以是激励我们继续前进的著名格言。）承 上启下，符合题意；此处they和空后they指代相同。故选F。【37题详解】挖空处在段首，有可能是段

46、落的主旨句。而后面”it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions4它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决 定时感觉更好）”及Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and mor

47、e prepared next time.（足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题, 但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分）”主要说的是“beingresourceful”带来的 好处，E选项意思就是resourcefulness能带来很多好处。故选E。【38题详解】该段首句说的是“being resourceful”会对你有好处，前面两句can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions.（它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们

48、感到更独立， 在做决定时感觉更好）及Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.（足智多谋或许不能帮助你避 免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分）”具体列举了“being resourcefill”带来的好处，A选项：你还能知道你所擅长的是什么，对自己更加了解，也契合下一句Thiscan boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.这能提高自尊心。这是又一个好处，A项最符合语境。故 选Ao【39题详解】该段在讨论遇到困难时，要专注于问题本身，并列出了具体的步骤。上一句“Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.（接下来，想出尽可能多的方法来解决问题）”讲的是“尽可能多地想出一些解决措施”, G选项：然后衡量它们的好坏，选出最佳的一个，其中them指代上一句solutio