2022-2023学年江西省抚州市高一上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题 （解析版）.docx

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1、抚州市20222023学年度上学期学生学业质量监测高一英语试题卷说明：1 .本卷共包括四部分，考试时间120分钟，总分150分。2 .本卷分为试题卷和答题卡，答案要求写在答题卡上，不得在试题卷上作答，否则不给分。3 .所有考试结束3天后，考生可凭准考证号登录智学网（www. zhixue. com）查询考；试成绩， 密码与准考证号相同。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,

2、 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15B.9.18C.9.15.答案是C。1. Is the man going to the party?A. No. B. Sure. C. Maybe.2. What do we learn from this conversation?A. The man wants to go to Los Angeles.B. The man wants to go to San Francisco.C There are no f

3、lights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.3. What is Tom worrying about?A. His test. B. His text. C. His mother.4. Why is the man going to New York?A. To see Ann B. For a holiday C. On business.5. Who was injured?A. Georges father. B. Georges wife. C. Georges father-in-law.第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分2

4、2. 5分）“I look into marine species, animals and plants. And I study how they really interact with the water environment, how they can obtain energy and how they work with nutrition J said Senior Designer Lenka Petrakova at Zaha Hadid Architects in London.The three long legs of the station collect the

5、 passing plastic waste and tidal（潮汐的）energy to change them into electricity. Sitting on top are three research and education centers under three tall greenhouses including gardens and a water desalination（海水淡化）plant. There are the living and working areas, where collected waste is sorted and recycle

6、d, while the underwater draft spire（尖塔）will contain a viewing platform. At the moment, its a big dream, but the design is still charming and beautiful to see.12. What can we know about the 8th Continent?A. Its an island in the middle of the ocean.B. It has won the Grand Prix Award for Technology.C.

7、Its designed to stay at the bottom of the sea.D. It allows operators to conduct all-around task.13. Whafs the main task of the 8th Continent?A. To construct a self-sustaining research lab.B. To conduct some activities.C. To clean up marine waste.D. To make use of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.14.

8、What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. How is the passing ocean waste converted into electricity.B. How does the 8th Continent work.C. How to recycle ocean plastic waste.D. The promising future of the design.15. Whafs the authors attitude towards the project?A. Doubtful.B. Creative.C. Indifferen

9、t.D. Favorable.【答案】12.D13. C 14. B 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了一个创新计划第八大洲I,主要任务是清理海洋垃圾。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “The 8th Continent, as its called, has won the Grand Prix Award fbr Architecture andInnovation of the Sea, and is designed to allow the operators to live, work, eat, sleep, and study full-time th

10、ere. The 8th Continent is a water lily-like ocean station thafs tied to the bottom of the sea but designed to float in the ocean current.（被称为“第八大洲”，如同它被称呼的获得了海洋建筑与创新大奖，设计目的是让操作者在那里 全职生活、工作、吃饭、睡觉和学习。第八大洲是一个像百合一样的海洋站，它被绑在海底，但被设计成 漂浮在洋流中）”可知，第八大洲允许操作者执行全面的任务。故选D。【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的 “It is shaped into

11、a living organism that is fully self-sustainable and held to host some activities along with its chief mission of cleaning up the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.（它被塑造成个完全 自我可持续发展的生命体，可举办一些活动，主要任务是清理大太平洋的垃圾）”可知，第八大洲的主要 任务是清理海洋垃圾。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容 “The three long legs of the station collect the p

12、assing plastic waste and tidal（潮 汐的）energy to change them into electricity. Sitting on top are three research and education centers under three tall greenhouses including gardens and a water desalination（海水淡化）plant. There are the living and working areas, where collected waste is sorted and recycled

13、, while the underwater draft spire（尖塔）will contain a viewing platform.（该站的三条长腿收集路过的塑料垃圾和潮汐能，将其转化为电能。位于顶部的是三个研究和教 育中心，下面是三个高大的温室，包括花园和一个海水淡化厂。这里有生活区和工作区，收集来的垃圾在 这里进行分类和回收，而水下通风塔尖包含一个观景平台）”可推断，本段主要介绍了第八大洲是如何运 作的，故选B。【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “At the moment, its a big dream, but the design is still charmin

14、g and beautiful to see.（目前，这是一个伟大的梦想，但设计仍然是迷人和美丽的）”可知，作者认为第八大洲是一个伟大的 梦想，迷人美丽，因此推断作者对这个计划持支持的态度。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分,满分125分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Four Efficient Ways to Improve Your Speech16One psychologist feels that our facial expression is responsible more than anything else fo

15、r the impression others have of us. In fact, more than 50 percent of another persons impression, he believes, is influenced by the look on your face.Remove your inner fearIts natural to have some tension or nervousness when you appear before an audience. The way to handle it is to put it to work for

16、 you, get into action. There are only a few known ways to control fear. The first is to admit it, do the thing you fear and it will be the death of fear itself. 17、which will keep your voice under control.Polish your voiceOur voice is the main instrument for communicating with people. So invest in a

17、 tape recorder, practise your speech by speaking it into the microphone then listen to it. You can even have others join in the evaluation of your strong points and your weaknesses or faults as well. Read the newspaper or a magazine out loud or read stories to your children. 18Strengthen your memory

18、Psychologists tell us that most individuals dont use above ten percent of their existing ability fbr memory.19 Because they dont practise the bases of remembering. First and most important, its necessary to have a burning desire to remember. 20 Step number two is concentration. Our success depends g

19、reatly on ourability.A. Use facial expressionB. Give others a good first impressionC. Why should people practice remembering?D. Its difficult to recall anything without wanting to do soE. Why do most people use so little of their power of memory?F. Another simple aid before you begin, is to take a f

20、ew deep breathsG. Any kind of practice will help improve your emphasis, pausing, pace, etc.【答案】16.A17. F 18.G19. E 20. D【解析】【导语本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种能够提高演讲能力的有效方法。【16题详解】这里为本段小标题。根据下文“One psychologist feels that our facial expression is responsible more than anything else fbr the impression others have

21、of us. In foct, more than 50 percent of another persons impression, he believes, is influenced by the look on your face.（一位心理学家认为，我们的面部表情比其他任何东西都更能 影响别人对我们的印象。事实上，他认为，别人对你的印象有50%以上是受你脸上表情的影响）”可知， 本段主要介绍面部表情够提高演讲能力。由此可知，选项A Use facial expression（使用面部表情）”作为本 段小标题最为合适。故选A。【17题详解】根据前文 u There are only a

22、 few known ways to control fear. The first is to admit it, do the thing you fear and it will be the death of fear itself.（只有几种已知的方法可以控制恐惧。首先是承认它，做你害怕的事情，它将 是恐惧本身的死亡）”和后半句which will keep your voice under control.（这将使你的声音得到控制）”可 知，这里介绍控制恐惧的另一个方法。由此可知，选项F u Another simple aid before you begin, is to ta

23、ke a few deep breaths （在你开始之前，另一个简单的帮助是做几次深呼吸）”符合上下文语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据本段小标题 “Polish your voice（润色你的声音）”和前文 uOur voice is the main instrument for communicating with people. So invest in a tape recorder, practise your speech by speaking it into the microphone then listen to it. You can even have others

24、join in the evaluation of your strong points and your weaknesses or faults as well. Read the newspaper or a magazine out loud or read stories to your children.（我们的声音是与人交流的主 要工具。所以买一台录音机，对着麦克风练习演讲，然后再听。你甚至可以让其他人也来评价你的优点、 缺点或缺点。大声读报纸或杂志，或读故事给孩子听）”可知，这里通过各种练习都可以帮助改善你说话的 声音。由此可知，选项 G Any kind of practic

25、e will help improve your emphasis, pausing, pace, etc .（任何一种 练习都有助于提高你的强调、停顿、语速等）”符合上下文语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据前句 u Psychologists tell us that most individuals dont use above ten percent of their existing ability for memory.（心理学家告诉我们，大多数人用于记忆的能力不到现有能力的10%）”和后句“Because they dont practise the bases of remembe

26、ring.（因为他们没有练习记忆的基础）”可知，这里反问大多数人用于记忆的能 力不到现有能力的10%的原因。由此可知，选项E Why do most people use so little of their power of memory?（为什么大多数人只使用很少的记忆能力呢？）”符合上下文语境。故选E。【20题详解】根据前句 uFirst and most important, its necessary to have a burning desire to remember.先也是最重要的是，你必须有强烈的记忆欲望）”可知，有了强烈的记忆欲望，想不起任何事都很难。由此可知，选项 D

27、“Its difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so （想不起任何事都很难）“符合上下文语境。故选 Do第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。Lydia Denton felt very sad when she learned about the incidents, in which many children died in the hot cars because they were a

28、ccidentally left behind. But no one has 21 a good way to deal with the problem. The little girl, who would enter the seventh grade, decided to find a 22Two years later, the 12-year-old girl from North Carolina won a $20, 000 prize for her 23, the BeatThe Heat Car Seat, a car seat device measuring th

29、e 24 of a car. The device is able to 25 the parents of the danger when the inside of the car almost 2638. 9.Lydia used part of her $20, 000 to continue to 27 her device with the hope of getting it to market as soon as possible 28 it can be something that will save lives and something that most peopl

30、e can29 to get.With her 14-year-old brother and 10-year-old sister, Lydia also 30 some of her prize money. Theyalso helped bring the 31 in the car seat device . Her brother was really great at coding（编 程），and herlittle sister would 32 them with some sweets or cakes.Lydias mom, a science teacher, sai

31、d it was 33 to watch her three kids cooperate to think out away to the problem that has 34 for years. They have proven that time and time again nothing is35. I am really proud of them, “she added.21. A. come alongB. come up withC. come aboutD. come out22. A. processB.responseC. solutionD. decision23

32、. A. arrangementB. inventionC. applicationD. suggestion24. A. detailB. conditionC. temperatureD. quality25. A. remindB. affectC.rescueD. demand26. A. reachesB. hostsC. attractsD. prefers27. A. designB. masterC. developD. describe28. A. no matterB. so thatC. as ifD. now that29. A. regardB. competeC.

33、pretendD. afford30. A. suppliedB.exchangedC. sharedD. collected31. A. improvementB. varietyC. productionD. advantage32. A. serveB. deliverC. contactD. charge33. A. gracefulB. inspiringC. curiousD. effective34. A. disappearedB. recoveredC. adaptedD. existed35. A. specificB. traditionalC. worthwhileD.

34、 impossible【答案】2LB 22. C23. B 24. C25. A 26. A 27. C28. B 29. D30. CA32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公一个来自北卡罗莱纳的12岁女孩一一莉迪亚因她的发明“Beat the Heat汽车座椅”赢得了 2万美元的奖金，解决了儿童被留在闷热的汽车里，因高温而致死的潜在风险问 题。21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是没有人提出一个好办法来处理这个问题。A. come along出现，一起来；B. come up with 提出；C. come about 发生；D. c

35、ome out 出来。根据上文 “many children died in the hot cars because they were accidentally left behind.”和本段表示转折意义的But可推知，没有人提出一个好办法来处 理这个问题。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个即将上七年级的小女孩决定找到一个解决办法。A. process过程；B. response 回应；C. solution 解决办法；D. decision 决定。根据上文 “But no one has 2 agood way to deal with the problem.可知，

36、这个即将上七年级的小女孩决定找到一个解决办法。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年后，这个来自北卡罗莱纳的12岁女孩因她的发明“Beat the Heat汽车座 椅”赢得了 2万美元的奖金，这是一种可以测量汽车温度的汽车座椅设备。A. arrangement安排；B. invention发明；C.application申请；D. suggestion建议。根据上文提到的即将上七年级的小女孩决定找到 一个解决办法，以及该句中的 “the Beat The Heat Car Seat, a car seat device measuring the. 4 of a car.可推知，

37、此处为这个来自北卡罗莱纳的12岁女孩因她的发明“Beat the Heat汽车座椅”赢得了 2万 美元的奖金。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年后，这个来自北卡罗莱纳的12岁女孩因她的发明“Beat the Heat汽车座 椅”赢得了 2万美元的奖金，这是一种可以测量汽车温度的汽车座椅设备。A. detail细节；B. condition条 件；C. temperature 温度；D. quality 质量。根据上文 umany children died in the hot cars because they were accidentally left behind.可

38、知，此处为这是一种可以测量汽车温度的汽车座椅设备。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当车内温度接近38.9度时，该装置能够提醒家长有危险。A. remind提醒；B. affect影响；C. rescue救援；D. demand要求。根据该句中的“the parents of the dangern可推知，此处为当 车内温度接近38.9度时，该装置能够提醒家长有危险。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当车内温度接近38.9度时，该装置能够提醒家长有危险。A. reaches达到；B. hosts主持；C. attracts吸引；D. prefers更喜欢。根据上文提

39、到的这是一种可以测量汽车温度的汽车座椅设 备，以及该句38. 9,可推知，此处为当车内温度接近38.9度时，该装置能够提醒家长有危险。故选A 项。27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莉迪亚用她2万美元中的一部分继续开发她的设备，希望能尽快将其推向市 场，这样它就能拯救生命，大多数人都能负担得起。庆.(1函811设计；B. master掌握；C.develop发展，开 发；D. describe 描述。根据句意以及该句中的 “it can be something that will save lives and something that most people can 9 to get.可

40、推知，莉迪亚用她2万美元中的一部分继续开发她的设备，希望能尽快将 其推向市场。故选C项。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：莉迪亚用她2万美元中的一部分继续开发她的设备，希望能尽快将其推向市 场，这样它就能拯救生命，大多数人都能负担得起。A. no matter无论，不管；B.sothat目的是；C.asif好 像；D. now that既然。根据该句中的it can be something that will save lives可知，拯救生命是继续研 发，并将其投入市场的目的。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莉迪亚用她2万美元中的一部分继续开发她的设备，希望能尽快将其推

41、向市 场,这样它就能拯救生命,大多数人都能负担得起。A. regard当作;B. compete竞争；C.pretend假装；D. afford负担得起。根据句意以及该句中的“most people can可知，莉迪亚继续研发，是为了帮助更多的 人，拯救更多的生命，使大多数人都可以买得起。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莉迪亚还与14岁的哥哥和10岁的妹妹分享了部分奖金。A.supplied提供；B. exchanged 交换；C. shared 分享；D. collected 收集。根据句意以及该句中的 “With her 14-year-old brother and 10

42、-year-old sister和“ some of her prize money. ”可推知，此处为莉迪亚还与14岁的哥哥和10岁的妹 妹分享了部分奖金。故选C项。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还帮助改进了汽车座椅装置。A. improvement改进；B. variety多样性；C. production 生产；D. advantage 优点。根据下文 Her brother was really great at coding,可知，哥哥帮助她改 进汽车装置。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的哥哥非常擅长编程，她的小妹妹会给他们一些糖果或蛋糕。A. serv

43、e服 务，端上；B. deliver分发；C.contact联系；D. charge充电。根据上文中的“They also helped”和下文中的u with some sweets or cakes.可知，此空应与help并列，为她的小妹妹会给他们一些糖果或蛋糕。故选A 项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莉迪亚的妈妈是一名科学老师，她说，看到她的三个孩子合作想出解决这个 存在多年的问题的方法,很受鼓舞。A. graceful优雅的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. curious好奇的；D. effective 有效的。根据句意以及该句中的 u think out a w

44、ay to the problem that has 14 for years.v可 知，这个问题已经存在多年，未被解决。现在被三个孩子解决了，所以很鼓舞人心。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莉迪亚的妈妈是一名科学老师，她说，看到她的三个孩子合作想出解决这个存 在多年的问题的方法，很受鼓舞。A. disappeared消失;B. recovered恢复；C.adapted适应;D. existed存 在。根据上文提到的没有人提出一个好办法来处理这个问题，以及该句中的“foryears”可推知，此处为 这是存在很多年的问题。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们一

45、次又一次地证明，没有什么是不可能的。A. specific具体的；B. traditional 传统的；C. worthwhile 值得的；D. impossible 不可能的。根据上文 “think out a way to the problem可知，他们想出解决方法，这证明了没有什么是不可能的。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。At the end of last May, events 36 (hold) both online and offline in Nanjing and Taicang,

46、 Jiangsu province, to honor the 110th anniversary of the birth of Wu Jianxiong. In mid-September of the same year, a37 (globe) online conference was conducted also to mark this anniversary.38 (compare) with scientists such as Marie Curie or Richard Feynman Wu is not a well-knownname of the 39 (twent

47、y) century in China. 40, she was one of the most influential nuclear (核)41 (physics) in the world, one that 42 (entire) changed humans view of the universe.Wu was born on May 31, 1912, in Liuhe town, Taicang. It was a time43 the feudal (封建的)systemin China came to 44 end and new thoughts rushed in.Wu

48、s father, Wu Zhongyi, received a modern education in Shanghai, and in 1913, founded the first school for girls in Taicang. He aimed 45(break) the old idea that it was womens virtue (美德)to have no talents.【答案】36. were held 37. global 38. Compared39. twentieth40. However41. physicists42. entirely43. when 44. an45. to break【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了改变了世界的一位女性核物理学家吴建雄。【36题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：5月底，