2022-2023学年湖北省宜都市第一中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、宜都一中2022-2023学年度秋季学期期末考试试卷高二英语注意事项:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答案卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动, 先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试 卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1

2、. How many kinds of fruits are the speakers buying?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a supermarket.B. At the womans house C. In a fast food restaurant.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. A book.B. A poet.C. A history class.4. What does the man su

3、ggest the woman do?A. Try an easier problem. B. Rest for a little while. C. Find a different major.5. Where is the man going next?A. To a party.B. To a bakery.C. To a cinema.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出

4、5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段 材料，回答第6至7题。6. How much does one pound pork cost?A.$3 pound.B.$4 pound.C.$6 pound.7. How will the man probably pay?an attack by an armed stranger,celebration about a sporting victory of their favorite team, the threat of an opponent(对 手).From the recordings, the researchers f

5、inally selected 420 screams. From this, they identified six distinct categories of screams, including three of alarming characters (cries of pain, anger, and fear) and three non-alarming screams (as expressions of great pleasure, extreme joy, and desperate sadness). Contrary to all expectations, the

6、 subjects reacted to non-alarming screams more quickly and recognized the emotion expressed with it more reliably than with alarming screams. This was also confirmed by images of the brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging(FMRI).Until now, researchers assumed that humans also detect and pr

7、ocess perceived alarm signals particularly quickly in the form of screams, as this is an important survival mechanism(生存机制)，says Fruhholz. But unlike monkeys and other mammals, non-alarming screams would have become more important fbr communication. This changed priority is probably due to needs tha

8、t have evolved in the evolution of complex human social relationships.12. What does the text mainly talk about?A. Humans expressions.B. A research on screams.C. A survival mechanism.D. Mammalsalarm signals.13. Which expression can be reacted to more quickly?A. Cries of pain.B. Anger.C. Fear.D. Despe

9、rate sadness.14. What does This changed priority in the last paragraph refer to?A. All-mammals are more sensitive to alarming screams.。B. All humans survive owing to quicker reaction to screams.C. Non-alarming screams are more useful for human communication.D. Alarming screams are more important tha

10、n non-alarming screams. 15. What is the purpose of the text?A. To spread and advocate.B. To argue and discuss.C. To recommend and introduce.D. To compare and inform.【答案】12.B13. D 14. C 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人类的尖叫以及尖叫表达的不同的情绪进行分类，并表示非惊 恐尖叫产生优先级变化的原因可能是人类社会关系演变的需要造成的。【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “In ma

11、mmals, loud calls usually serve as alarm signals that warn fellow species of an enemy or other danger.（在哺乳动物中，响亮的叫声通常是警告同类有敌人或其他危险的警报信号。）”和“Humans screams are not always only associated with negative emotions such as fear, pain, anger and grief, but also positive emotions such as joy and pleasure.（人

12、类的尖叫不仅与恐惧、痛苦、愤怒、悲伤等消极情绪有关， 也与喜悦、快乐等积极情绪有关。）”可知，文章主要介绍人类的尖叫以及尖叫表达的不同的情绪进行分类, 并表示非惊恐尖叫产生优先级变化的原因可能是人类社会关系演变的需要造成的。所以这篇文章主要是关 于尖叫的研究。故选B。【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段 uContrary to all expectations, the subjects reacted to non-alarming screams morequickly and recognized the emotion expressed with it more reliab

13、ly than with alarming screams.（出乎意料的是， 受 试者对非惊恐尖叫的反应比惊恐尖叫更快，更能准确地识别出尖叫所表达的情绪。）可知，人们对非惊恐 尖叫做出的反应更快，以及 “From this, they identified six distinct categories of screams, including three of alarming characters （cries of pain, anger, and fear） and three non-alarming screams （as expressions of great pleasur

14、e, extremejoy, and desperate sadness）.（据此，他们确定了六种不同类型的尖叫，包括三种令人惊恐的尖叫（痛苦、 愤怒和恐惧的尖叫）和三种不令人惊恐的尖叫（表达极大的快乐、极度的喜悦和极度的悲伤）。）”可知，非 惊恐尖叫包括三种快乐、极度的喜悦和极度的悲伤。故选D。【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据戈U线词前句“But unlike monkeys and other mammals, non-alarming screams would have become more important for communication.（但与猴子和其他哺乳动物不同的是，非

15、惊恐尖叫对于交流来说更加重要。）”可知，非惊恐尖叫得到优先是因为人类的进化和演变。即“优先级改变了 ”指的是非惊恐尖叫对人 类交流更有用。故选C。【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段 uFrom the recordings, the researchers finally selected 420 screams. From this, they identified six distinct categories of screams, including three of alarming characters （cries of pain, anger, and fear） an

16、d three non-alarming screams （as expressions of great pleasure, extreme joy, and desperate sadness）.（从这些录音中， 研究人员最终选出了 420声尖叫。据此，他们确定了六种不同类型的尖叫，包括三种令人惊恐的尖叫（痛苦、 愤怒和恐惧的尖叫）和三种不令人惊恐的尖叫（表达极大的快乐、极度的喜悦和极度的悲伤）。）”可知，文章 主要就人类的尖叫类型进行了区分和比较；并且文章最后一段“Until now, researchers assumed that humans also detect and pro

17、cess perceived alarm signals particularly quickly in the form of screams, as this is an important survival mechanism, says Friihholz.（ Friihholz说，到目前为止，研究人员认为人类也能以尖叫的形式快速检测和处理 感知到的警报信号，因为这是一种重要的生存机制。）”就Friihholz的研究结果对读者进行了阐述。所以文 章主要的目的是对比分析并向读者进行告知该科普知识。故选Do第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出

18、能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I plan to remember this years vacation season with just two words: NEVER AGAIN. Never again, that is, will I take all my technology along. 16 Instead of long evenings of crossword puzzles of board games, we checked our Twitter feeds and updated our Facebook pages. That is the

19、 problem with the Internet: unless you,re equipped with massive self-control, you use it if its there.For several years, I kept my Internet addiction under control by using inconvenient technology: a laptop which is old and not in good condition and a slow dial- up connection. 17 The magical iPad si

20、gnaled silently from the picnic table: Once that attractive touch screen lights up, who can resist?18 Im a late adopter. As early as 2008, Nicholas Carr, a famous writer, was warning that broadband Internet was reducing our attention spans and making us stupid. Even before that, in 2000,Harvards Rob

21、ert Putnam warned that television一and, more broadly, staring into any kind of screen -had reduced the amount of time families spent in social interactions.19 I love having a bottomless library at my fingertips; I love having the worlds newspapers on my electronic doorstep. Tfs also nice to have an a

22、pp that identifies the constellations when you hold the iPad up to the night sky. But then, you have to remember to put the screen down and simply drink in the stars.And thats the point: 20 Its our fault instead of the Internet, for failing to control the urge to browse. So now I have one more thing

23、 to look forward to next summer: More time reading old novels; more time playing crossword puzzles and chasing frogs.A. The internet has ruined summer vacations.B. Access to the Web is unquestionably a wonderful thing.C. Tm not the first to get lost across this problem, of course.D. People should no

24、t rely simply on the Internet to provide them with other information.E. Its important not to let the convenience of the Internet get in the way of simpler beauties.F. Although the Internet is often useful, it can become addictive and prevent human interaction.G. But this year, the combination of a n

25、ew iPad and very good Wi-Fi turned out to be disastrous.【答案】16.A17. G 18.C19. B 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了互联网和信息技术给作者带来的一些感悟和体会。【16题详解】根据上文 “I plan to remember this years vacation season with just two words: NEVER AGAIN. Never again, that is, will I take all my technology along.（我打算用两个字来记住今年的假期：永远

26、不再。也就是说，我再也不会把 所有的技术者 E带上了）” 以及后文 u Instead of long evenings of crossword puzzles of board games, we checked our Twitter feeds and updated our Facebook pages. That is the problem with the Internet: unless youre equipped with massive self-control, you use it if its there.（我们不再彻夜玩填字游戏，而是查看Twitter信息和更新

27、Facebook 页面。这就是互联网的问题：除非你有强大的自我控制能力，否则你会被它利用）”可知，本句说明不再使 用信息技术的原因：互联网毁了暑假。故A选项“互联网毁了暑假”符合语境。故选A。【17题详解】根据上文 “For several years, I kept my Internet addiction under control by using inconvenient technology: a laptop which is old and not in good condition and a slow dial- up connection.（几年来，我通过使用不方便的技术

28、来控制 我的网瘾:一台旧的、状况不佳的笔记本电脑和一个缓慢的拨号连接）”以及后文The magical iPad signaled silently from the picnic table: Once that attractive touch screen lights up, who can resist?（神奇的 iPad 从餐桌上默 默地发出信号：一旦诱人的触摸屏亮起来，谁能抗拒呢？）”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出iPad给作者 带来的影响。故G选项“但今年，新iPad和非常好的Wi-Fi相结合的结果却是灾难性的”符合语境。故选 Go【18题详解】根据后文Tm a late ad

29、opter. As early as 2008, Nicholas Carr, a famous writer, was warning that broadband Internet was reducing our attention spans and making us stupid. Even before that, in 2000,Harvards Robert Putnam warned that television一and, more broadly, staring into any kind of screen -had reduced the amount of ti

30、me families spent in social interactions.（我是一个较晚接受的人。早在2008年，著名作家尼古拉斯卡尔就警告说，宽带互联 网正在缩短我们的注意力持续时间，让我们变得愚蠢。甚至在此之前，哈佛大学的罗伯特帕特南在2000 年就警告说，电视一一更广泛地说，盯着任何一种屏幕一一已经减少了家庭用于社会互动的时间）”可知， 本段主要提到了之前的相关研究，说明作者不是第一个出现这种问题的人。故C选项“当然，我不是第一 个在这个问题上迷失方向的人”符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】根据后文 u I love having a bottomless library at m

31、y fingertips; I love having the worlds newspapers on my electronic doorstep. Ifs also nice to have an app that identifies the constellations when you hold the iPad up to the night sky. But then, you have to remember to put the screen down and simply drink in the stars.（我喜欢指尖有一个无底洞的图书 馆；我喜欢把世界各地的报纸放在

32、我的电子门阶上。当你把iPad对准夜空时，有一个可以识别星座的应用 程序也很不错。但是，你必须记得放下屏幕，只是在星星下喝酒）”可知，后文主要提到了上网的一些好处, 本句为本段主旨句：上网是一件很棒的事情。故B选项“毫无疑问，上网是一件很棒的事情”符合语境。故选Bo【20题详解】根据后文 “It，s our fault instead of the Internet, fbr failing to control the urge to browse. So now I have one more thing to look forward to next summer: More time

33、reading old novels; more time playing crossword puzzles and chasing frogs.（这是我们的错，而不是互联网的错，因为我们没能控制浏览的冲动。所以现在我对明年夏天还有一件 事要期待：有更多的时间阅读旧小说；有更多时间玩填字游戏和追逐青蛙）”可知，后文提到了有更多的时 间阅读旧小说；有更多时间玩填字游戏和追逐青蛙，说明要利用互联网的便利，故E选项“重要的是不要 让互联网的便利阻碍了更简单的美”符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给

34、的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的I used to be fit. But 21 a mounting list of injuries, the most active workout I do these days is 22 in front of the TV. But when I 23 a big European study on the benefits of chair yoga（瑜伽）in the newspaper, I decided to try it. Chair yoga 24 poses like twists（转动）and bends th

35、at are changed to be done while sitting on a chair.I choose a chair yoga video on YouTube. The 10- minute 25 is a combination of slow movements every day. In each 26 my body remembers all that yoga I used to do 15 years ago. That isnt to 27 its not challenging. And 28 I probably couldnt get through

36、a regular yoga class anymore, this way I still get to experience some of the sense of focus and 29 of being in that yoga “ flow Because ifs not too high 30 I can even do it in that 31 dead time in the evenings when Im too tired to work but Icant settle into a TV show because my kid isnt in bed yet.C

37、hair yoga probably isnt going to turn me into a 32 gym girl, but I notice that my neck and shoulders33 sore（疼痛的）from staring at a computer - become less tight, and its also useful fbr helping my34. Its almost like mentally changing the channel - even for such a short period of time. It 35 my brain-f

38、rom a state of great anger to one of just breathing. Til take it.21. A.apart fromB.instead ofC.as forD. thanks to22. A.sleepingB.joggingC.lyingD.stretching23. A.carried outB.came acrossC.began withD. turned to24. A. involvesB. indicatesC. performsD. handles25. A. challengeB. effectC. routineD. treat

39、ment26. A. positionB. matterC. methodD. habit27. A. announceB. sayC. mentionD. expect28. A. whileB. beforeC. sinceD. if29. A. belongingB. possessionC. accomplishmentD. safety30. A. operationB. energyC. showD. focus31. A. amazingB. frighteningC. puzzlingD.annoying32. A. stone-heartedB. fresh-facedC.

40、single-mindedD. good-shaped33. A. constantlyB.rarelyC. suddenlyD. merely34. A. situationB. behaviorC. moodD. brain35. A. affectsB. resetsC. controlsD. defends【答案】21. D22. D23. B 24. A25. C 26. A 27. B28. A 29. C 30. BD 32. D 33. A34. C 35. B31.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过做椅子瑜伽对自己的改善。【21题详解】考查短语词义辨析。

41、句意：但由于不断增加的伤病，这些天我做的最积极的锻炼是在电视前拉伸。A. apart from 除了； B. instead of 而不是；C. as for 至于；D. thanks to 由于。根据 “the most active workout I do these days is2in front of the TV.”可知，由于作者的伤病不断增加，所以作者锻炼身体。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但由于不断增加的伤病，这些天我做的最积极的锻炼是在电视前拉伸。A. sleeping 睡觉；B. jogging 慢跑;C. lying 躺；D. stretching 伸展

42、。根据上文 “amounting list of injuries” 可知,作者在 电视机前也只能做简单的拉伸锻炼。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但当我在报纸上看到一项关于椅子瑜伽益处的大型欧洲研究时，我决定尝 试一下。A. carried out实现；B. came across偶然看到；C.began with以开始；D.turned to求助于。根据 “ a big European study on the benefits of chair yoga（瑜伽）in the newspaper, I decided to try it. ” 可知,作者偶 尔看到报纸上

43、介绍的椅子瑜伽的好处。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：椅子瑜伽包括扭转和弯曲等姿势，这些姿势都是坐在椅子上做的。A. involves 包含；B. indicates指示；C. performs表现；D. handles 处理。根据“poses like twists（转动）and bends that are changed to be done while sitting on a chair.可知，这里指椅子瑜伽所包含的内容。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：10分钟的例行运动是每天缓慢运动的组合。A. challenge挑战；B. effect影响； Coro

44、utine 常规；例行公事；D. treatment 治疗。根据 is a combination of slow movements every day.v可知， 这里指作者每天做10分钟的椅子瑜伽，所以是每天的常规运动。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一个姿势中，我的身体都记得15年前我做过的瑜伽。A. position位置；姿 势；B. matter 事情；C. method 方法；D. habit 习惯。根据 my body remembers all that yoga I used to do 15 years ago.”可知，因为作者15年前做过瑜伽，所以仍然记

45、得每一个姿势。故选A。 【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不是说它没有挑战性。A. announce宣布；B.say说；C.mention提及；D. expect 期望。 根据 “And 8 I probably couldnt get through a regular yoga class anymore, this way I still get toexperience some of the sense of focus and 9 of being in that yoga flow 可知，椅子瑜伽对作者来说还是具有挑战性的。故选B。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽

46、然我可能无法再完成常规的瑜伽课程，但通过这种方式，我仍然可以体验到 流瑜伽中的一些专注感和成就感。A. while虽然；B. before在之前；C.since自从；D.if如果。根据“thisway I still get to experience some of the sense of fbcus and 9 of being in that yoga flow “可知， 前后 句之间为转折关系，虽然作者无法完成常规的瑜伽课程，但作者仍然能够体验到瑜伽中的一些专注感和成 就感。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我可能无法再完成常规的瑜伽课程，但通过这种方式，我仍然可以体

47、验到 流瑜伽中的一些专注感和成就感。A. belonging行李；B. possession拥有；C. accomplishment成就；D. safety 安全。根据some of the sense of focus”可知，作者可以体验到瑜伽中的一些专注感和成就感。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为它需要的精力不要太高，我甚至可以在晚上工作太累的无聊时间做这件事, 但我又不能专心看电视节目，因为我的孩子还没上床。A. operation操作；B. energy精力；力量；C. show 表演；D. focus 焦点。根据 “ I can even do it in that

48、 11 dead time in the evenings when Im too tired to work ” 可知，作者做椅子瑜伽不需要太多的精力。故选B。31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为它需要的精力不要太高，我甚至可以在晚上工作太累的无聊时间做这件 事，但我又不能专心看电视节目，因为我的孩子还没上床。A. amazing令人惊讶的；B. frightening令人害 怕的；C.puzzling令人迷惑的;D. annoying讨厌的。根据when Tm too tired to work v可知，作者可以在晚 上工作太累的无聊时间做椅子瑜伽。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：椅子瑜伽可能不会让我变成一个身材好的健身女孩，但我注意到我的脖子和 肩膀一一一直因为盯着电脑而经常酸痛一一变得不那么紧绷了，而且它对改善我的情绪也很有用。A. stone-hearted 铁石心肠的；B. fresh-faced 气色好的；C. single-minded 一心一意