2022-2023学年山东省菏泽市高一上学期期中考试英语试题（B）（解析版）.docx

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1、2022-2023学年度第一学期期中考试高一英语试题（B）注意事项：1 .本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2 .答题前，考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。3 .考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上 对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题 区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上第一节（共5小题海小题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段

2、对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman also want to be?A. A director. B. An actress. C. A songwriter.2. What will Sam do tonight?A. Take a flight. B. Attend a party. C. Have a meeting.3. What does the man suggest （hey do first?A. Eat so

3、mething. B. Get out of town. C. Take some medicine.4. What does the man like about the womans shirt?A. The price. B. The color. C. The material.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Clothing. B. Weather. C. Body temperature.第二节（共15小题;每小题15分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

4、中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What will the speakers do next?A. Learning music determined kids5 interest in study.B. The piano played a key part in kids, learning.C. Children taking piano lessons didnt perform well.D. The extra reading group w

5、ere good at telling vowels.15. What can we conclude from what Desimone says?A. Many schools value art education.B. Schools will increase reading classes.C. It isnt wise to cut back on music lessons.D. Children who leani music perform better at school.【答案】12.A13. D 14. D 15.CL胞苻斤】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一

6、项研究表明，让孩子上音乐课不仅会将他们引入旋律的世界， 而且还会显著提高他们的语言技能。学校不应该削减音乐课程，而应该更加关注音乐课程。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段 “ Giving children music lessons wont just introduce them to music it could also greatly improve their language skills but it isnt understood if this is a side effect of a general improvement of cognitive （认 知的）ski

7、lls, or something that directly affects language processing.（给孩子上音乐课不仅能让他们接触吾乐，还 能极大地提高他们的语言技能，但H前尚不清楚这是认知技能普遍提高的副作用，还是直接影响语言处理）” 及划线词所在句 “For the study, Desimones team chose children from the Chinese education system, with the support of education officials who wanted to see how it might improve th

8、eir leaming.（在这项研究中, Desimone 的团队选择了来自中国教育系统的孩子，并得到了教育宜员的支持，他们想知道它将如何提高他们的学习 能力）”可推知，划线“it”指代的是上文中的“学习音乐”，即学习音乐是如何提升学习的。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据笫三段中的 “The third group acted as controls, taking no extra lessons beyond their usual classes4第三组作为对照组，除了平时的课程外，没有额外的课程）”可知，第三组除了平常的课程外，没有 额外的课程。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。

9、根据第四段中的Compared to the control group, both the music learners and the extra reading group did better in telling the difference between words based on vowel differences.（与对照组相比,音乐学习者和额外 阅读组在基于元音差异的单词区分方面都做得更好）”可知，额外阅读组擅长分辨元音。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “It looks like for recognizing differences between s

10、ounds, including speech sounds, ifs better than extra reading. That means schools could pay more attention to music,“ Desimone says. Ils not worse than giving extra reading to the children, which is probably what many schools are trying to do get rid of the art education and just have more reading.（

11、“看起来，识别声音之间的差异，包括语音1，比额外的阅读更好。这 意味着学校可以更加关注音乐， Desimone说。“这并不比给孩子们额外的阅读更糟糕，这可能是许多学校 正在尝试做的事一一取消艺术教育，只给他们更多的阅读。“）可知，在识别声音之间的差异方面，包括语 音，学习音乐比学习阅读要好，但是许多学校正在努力取消艺术教育，增加阅读。由此推知，Desimone认 为减少音乐课是不明智的。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Meeting new people is a great way

12、to enrich your experiences, enlarge your social circle or exchange it for a new one. Most of us arc looking to make regular friends and if possible, true, soul friends. 16Identify opportunities. We let chances to make friends pass us by every day. 17 Instead of forcing a little small talk with your

13、kindly neighbours, ask them in fbr a cup of tea and get to know them. Youll be surprised by how many potential friends there already are in your orbit.18 Joining a group, club or class is an effective way to meet people. Pursue a skill you are interested in, because then you will have a good time an

14、d feel more comfortable to start a conversation.Allow yourself to be vulnerable （易受伤害的）.19 What if your overtures （主动表示）are refused? Adegree of vulnerability is needed in trying to start friendships. To put it plainly, keeping yourself to yourself isnt going to help you. Letting others in on plans i

15、s simple ways to share, which will help build closeness and trust.Use technology wisely. Social media can be of great help to make friends. Apps can be a good starting point, as can platforms. 20 The more we depend on apps, the less practice we have with the kinds of conversations and experiences th

16、at really allow us to create close friendships.A. Follow our interests.B. Turn to community for help.C. Here are some ways to get out there.D II can be frightening trying to make friends.E. But （hey do not replace personal communication.F. Theyre perfect ways of enlarging your social circle.G. Have

17、the courage to take small steps when opportunities arise.【答案】16.C17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是结交朋友的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Most of us are looking to make regular friends and if possible, true, soul friends.（我们大多数人都想交 普通的朋友，如果可能的话，真心的朋友）”可知，空格后介绍了几种方法，故C选项“这里有一些方法可 以让你达到目标”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文

18、“ Wc let chances to make friends pass us by every day.（我们每天都让交朋友的机会溜走）”可知，说我 们不该让这样的机会溜走，要采取行动,以及后文“ Instead of forcing a little small talk with your kindly neighbors, ask ihem in for a cup of tea and get to knowhem（不要强迫你善良的邻居和你闲聊，而是请他们进来喝杯茶， 了解他们）”说的是具体可以采取的行动，故G选项“当机会来临时，有勇气迈出一小步”符合语境， 故选G。【18题详解】

19、空格处是本段的主题句，根据后文 w Joining a group, club or class is an effective way to meet people. Pursue a skill you are enlhusiastic about, because then you will have a good time and feel more al ease striking up a conversation.（加入一个团体、俱乐部或班级是认识人的有效方式。追求一项你感兴趣的技能，因为这样你会 有一段愉快的时光，在开始一段对话时也会感到更轻松）”可知，本段主要讲的是要找到自己

20、喜欢的事情， 故A选项“跟随你的兴趣”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据后文“What if your overtures （主动表示）are rejected?（如果你的提议被拒绝了怎么办？）”可知，空格处 会说主动和人交朋友可能会害怕被人拒绝。故D选项“交朋友可能会让人害怕。”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“ Apps can be a good starting point, as can platforms/应用程序可以是一个很好的起点，社交平台也 样）” 以及后文 “The more we rely on apps, the less practice we have w

21、ith the kinds of conversations and experiences that really allow us to create close friendships.（我们越是依赖应用程序，我们在真正能让我们建立亲 密友谊的对话和体验方面的实践就越少）”可知，空格处应说应用程序不能代替面对面的交流。故E选项“但 它们不能取代个人互动”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分45分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下而短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Last week, I drove to Joes Ha

22、rdware to get a few items. Upon returning to my 21.1 noticed a catunderneath and bent down to investigate. At this point, my wallet fell off-but I didnt notice it was 22 until about an hour later. I returned to the Hardware, asked 23 and tore my car inside out. Nothing. I lost my wallet.After this f

23、act sank in, I was about to call the bank and have them 24 me a new credit card when a little voice inside my head said, Whoa! 25. Someone must have picked it up. A(n) 26 citizen, just like you.What would she or he do?”So I held back and I was going to give it a day. Then, early that evening, I was

24、surfing the Internet for a new27 when I heard a knock on (he door. There was a man who I did not 28. Could it be?After we exchanged greetings, he 29 me my wallet. He found it in the parking lot, thought of dropping it off at Joes Hardware but 30 to drive over and return it 31.He told me his 32, but

25、I was overcome with emotion and cannot be 100% sure. I think it was David. Ioffered him a cash reward33he refused. He was just a regular guy doing the 34 thing.David, thank you so much for returning my wallet and reinforcing (加强)my 35 that there are some good and honest people around.21. A. carB. ho

26、meC. bankD. shop22. A. brokenB. emptyC. stolenD. missing23. A. aloudB. outdoorsC. aroundD. online24. A. loanB.sendC. showD. pass25. A. Come onB. Cheer upC. Slow downD. Look out26. A. averageB. generousC. joyfulD. capable27. A. catB. walletC. carD. card28. A. doubtB. admireC. recognizeD. remember29.

27、A. awardedB. foundC. broughtD. handed30. A. h叩penedB. decidedC. intendedD. hesitated31. A. in personB. at onceC. at lastD. in response32. A. ageB. hobbyC. nameD.job33.A. orB. soC. andD. but34. A. easyB. rightC. unusualD. typical35. A. beliefB. ideaC. purposeD. determination【答案】21.A22. D23. C 24. B25

28、. C 26. A 27. B28. C 29. D 30. B 31.A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者丢失了钱包，本来想打电话给银行让他们寄一张新的信用k,但是作者突 然想到可能会有人捡到钱包并归还。所以作者决定等一等。结果真的有人捡到了钱包并还给了作者，这让 作者相信世上还是好人多。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我回到车.上时，我注意到下面有只猫，我弯下腰去查看。A.car汽车；B. home 家；C. bank 银行；D. shop 商店。根据上文 “Last week, I drove to Joes I lardware

29、to get a few items.n和下文“I noticed a cat underneath and bent down to investigate” 可知,此处是指作者回到车上。故选 A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我的钱包掉了下来一但直到大约一小时后我才发现它不见了。A. broken 破碎的；B.emply 空的;C.slolen 被偷的;D. missing 失踪的。根据后文Nothing. I lost my wallel.” 可知，此处是指直到大约一-小时后作者才发现钱包不见了。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我回到五金店，四处打听，把

30、我的车翻了个底朝天。A. aloud大声地；B. outdoors 在户外;C.around周围;D.online在网上。根据前文“asked”可知，作者的钱包不见了，所以作者四处打 听，ask around是固定搭配，意为“到处询问”。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到这一点后，我正准备打电话给银行，让他们寄给我一张新的信用卡， 这时我脑海里有一个声音说，“哇,等等。A. loan借出;B. send送;C. show展示;D. pass通过。根据前 文“call the bank”可知，此处是指作者打电话给银行让他们寄给作者一张新的信用卡。故选B。25题详解】考查动词

31、短语词义辨析。句意：当我意识到这一点后，我正准备打电话给银行，让他们寄给我一张新的信 用卡，这时我脑海里有一个声音说，“哇，等等”。A. Come on来吧，快点；B. Cheer up振作起来；C. Slow down 慢下来；D.Lookout 当心。根据下段 “So I held back and I was going io give it a day.” 可知，此处是指慢一点， 先等等，先不给银行打电话。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个普通公民,就像你一样。A. average普通的;B. generous大方的：C. joyful 快乐的；D. capable能

32、干的。根据后文just like you可知，此处指大家都是普通公民。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，那天晚上早些时候，我正在上网寻找一个新的钱包，这时我听到了敲门 声。A. cal猫；B. wallet钱包；C. car汽车；D. card卡片。根据前文描述可知，因为作者钱包丢了，所以作 者打算在网上买一个新的。故选风28题详解】考自动词词义辨析。句意：有一个我不认识的人。A. doubt怀疑；B. admire钦佩;C. recognize认识；D. remember 记得。根据“I think it was David.”可知，此处是指有一个作者不认识的人。故选C。【

33、29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们互相问候之后，他把我的钱包递给了我。A. awarded颁奖；B. found发现； C. brought 带来;D. handed 递给。根据 u After we exchanged greetingsM和后文 u He found it in the parking lot 可知，此处是指在互相问候之后他把作者的钱包递给了作者。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在停车场发现了它，想把它送到乔的五金店，但决定开车过来亲自归还。A. happened 发生；B. decided 决定；C. inlended 意图；D. hesitate

34、d 犹豫。a After we exchanged greetings, he handed me my wallet.”可知，此处是指捡到作者钱包的人决定开车过来亲自归还。故选B。31题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他在停车场发现了它，想把它送到乔的五金店，但决定开车过来亲自归还。A. in person 亲自；B. at once 马上；C. at last 最终；D. in response 作为回应。根据前文 “when 1 heard a knock on the door.可知，那人亲自把作者的钱包送来了。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉了我他的名字，但我情

35、绪激动，不能百分百确定。A. age年龄；B. hobby 爱好；C.name名字;D. job工作。根据I think it was David.”可知，他告诉了作者他的名字。故选C。【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我提出给他现金奖励，但他拒绝了。A. or或者；B. so因此；C. and和；D. but 但是。根据前后句意可知，此处表示转折关系，需用连词but。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只是一个做正确事情的普通人。A. easy简单的；B. right正确的；C. unusual 不寻常的：D. typical 典型的。根据前一句I offered him

36、a cash reward 13 he refused.可知，那人拒绝了作者的谢意；由此可知，他认为把作者的钱包还给作者是正确的。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大卫，非常感谢你把我的钱包还给了我，让我更加相信世界上还有善良诚实的 人。A. belief 信念;B. idea 想法;C. purpose 目的；D. determination 决心。根据后文 athere arc some good and honest people around.M可知，大卫把作者的钱包还给了作者，这让作者更加相信世界上还有善良诚实的人。 故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)

37、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.David Tilman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined information from 100 co

38、untries 36 (identify) what people ate and 37 diet affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized (工业化),the population increased and earnings rose, more people began to look on the Western diet as 38 (they) daily diet.The Western diet is high in s

39、ugar, fat, oil 39 meat. By 40 (eat) these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker. David Tilman says overweight people are at 41 (great) risk of non - infectious diseases like diabetes (糖尿病)and heart disease.42 (unfortunate) when people adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these heal

40、th problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is 43 example where the number of diabetes 44 (case) has been jumping from less than one per cent to 1() per cent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20-year period. And that 45(happen ) all across the world, in Mexic

41、o, in Nigeria and so on.【答案】36. to identify37. how 38. their39. and 40. eating41. greater42. Unfortunately43. an 44. cases45. is happening【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍r西方饮食习惯在世界各地尤其发展中国家的传播及其对这些国家人民健 康和环境都是不利的。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美国明尼苏达大学的生态学教授大卫蒂尔曼(David Tilman)研究了来自100个国家 的信息，以确定人们吃什么以及饮食如何影响健康。该空所给动词identify在

42、句中作目的状语，应使用动词 不定式形式。故填to identify o【37题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：美国明尼苏达大学的生态学教授大卫蒂尔曼(DavidTilman)研究了来自100个国家的 信息，以确定人们吃什么以及饮食如何影响健康。分析句子，该空需要一个连接词引导宾语从句与what they ate并列，且从句中主谓宾句子成分完整，根据句意，教授研究饮食是怎样影响健康的，缺少方式状语，应 填howo故填howo【38题详解】考查代词。句意：他发现，随着国家工业化，人口增加，收入增加，越来越多的人开始把西方饮食作为他 们的日常饮食。在介词as的宾语中，daily diel缺少限定词，所给人

43、称代词Ihey应使用物主代词修饰名词。 故填theii o【39题详解】考查并列连词。句意：西方饮食高糖、高脂肪、高油、高肉。空前名词sugar, fat, oil与空后名词meat应是 并列作介词in的宾语。故填and。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过吃这些食物，人们开始变得更胖，更虚弱。所给动词eal在句中作介词by的 宾语，应使用动名词形式。故填ealing。41题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：大卫蒂尔曼说，超重的人患糖尿病和心脏病等非传染性疾病的风险更大。分析 句子，该空需要形容词作定语，根据句意，句子是在比较体重超重人群和正常体重的人群的健康风险，所 以应填形容词比较级形式。

44、故填greater。【42题详解】考查副词。不幸的是，当人们采用这种西方饮食时，他们就会出现这些健康问题，特别是在亚洲的发展中 国家。句首需填一个副词，修饰整个句子。句意:故填Unfortunately。43题详解】考查冠词。句意：中国就是一个例子，在20年的时间里，随着中国开始工业化，糖尿病病例占总人口的比 例从不足1%飙升至10%.空后名词example为可数名词，中国是其中一个例子，为泛指，应填不定冠词an。 故填an。【44题详解】考杳名词单复数。句意：中国就是一个例子，在20年的时间里，随着中国开始工业化，糖尿病病例占总人 口的比例从不足1%微升至10%。所给词case是可数名词，意

45、为“病例”，在句中指糖尿病病例，应使用更 数形式作介词of的宾语。故填cases。【45题详解】考查谓语动词时态及主调一致。句意：这在世界各地都在发生，在墨西哥，在尼日利亚等等。所给动词happen 在句中作谓语，指由于工业化糖尿病病例飙升这种现象目前一直在发生，应使用现在进行时，主语为单数。故填 is happening（第三节单词拼写（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）根据汉语及首字母提示出单词的正确形式，每空只填一词。46. What learning s（策略）do you and your partner share?（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】strategies#trateg

46、ies【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：你和你的搭档分享什么学习策略？根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词 strategy,由空后you and your partner可知，策略不止一个，应用名词复数形式。故填strategies。47. People speak in a more polite way in f（正式的）situations.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】formal#ormal【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：在正式场合，人们说话更有礼貌。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用形 容词formal,修饰名词situations,作定语。故填formal。48. Til h

47、ave to study harder and get used to being r（有责任的）for a lot more.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】responsiblc#esponsible【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我必须更加努力学习，习惯承担更多的责任。分析句子，该空需要一个形容 词作表语，结合汉语提示及首字母r可知，形容词responsible符合题意。故填responsible。49. Its not unusual fbr teenagers of your generation to be a（吸弓I） to computer games and online w

48、orld.（根 据中英文提示填空）【答案】attractcd#ttractcd【解析】【详解】考查不定式的被动语态。句意：对你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引是很 正常的。分析句子且根据中英文提示可知，空处为固定搭配be attracted lo,表示“被吸引。故填attractedo 50.1 guess its because theyre a（成年人）and cant understand me.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】adults#dults【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我想这是因为他们是成年人，不能理解我。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处 使用名词adult,可数名词