2022-2023学年广东肇庆中学高一上学期期中考试英语科试题（解析版）.docx

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1、广东肇庆中学2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试高一级英语科试卷第一部分听力（共两节，每题1. 5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man offer to do?A. Pay for the bill.B. Do the cooking.C. Get something to eat.2. What does the woman mea

2、n?A. She doesnt have a bike.B. Her mother made up the story.C. She didnt tell the man the truth.3. What does the woman mean?A. The man is annoying.B. Her homework is too hard.C. The man is absent-minded.4. How did the woman know the place?A. On the Internet.B. On her way to work.C. From her colleagu

3、e.5. Who might have made the reservation?A. David.B. Mary.C. Burton.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the man like about his hometown?A. Its really very big.B. It

4、has colorful nightlife. C. Ifs not expensive to live there.7. What is the weather like in the fall in the mans hometown?A. Cold.B. Sunny.C. Wet.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章讲述了不同国家关于是否给小费的不同文化，可能出自报纸上的文 化部分。故选B项。DElon Musk has expressed his company - Neuralink is close to announcing the first bra

5、in-machine interface （接 O） to connect humans and computers. Musk told followers in Twitter the technology would be “coming soon”- though he failed to provide details.Neuralink was set up in 2016 with the ambitious goal of developing hardware to strengthen the human brain. However, little about how t

6、his will work has been made public. Neuralink describes the interface as an extremely high-speed connection between the human brain and computers.Musk has frequently claimed the rapid rise of artificial intelligence poses an existential risk to humanity. Such an interface, he says, is essential if h

7、umans are to compete with such technology in the future. At a technology conference in 2016, Mr Musk said humans risked being treated like house pets by AI machines if a brain-computer interface was not built. Last year on the Joe Rogan Experience podcast, Musk said Neuralink technology would allow

8、humans to effectively combine with AI”.A paper published in Nature Nanotechnology in 2015 described a concept for this connection, explaining how a flexible circuit （回路）could be injected into a living brain. Were trying to lessen the distinction between electronic circuits and neural circuits/9 said

9、 Harvard researcher Charles Lieber, who co-authored the study. Despite the technologys potential to increase the human brain, experts have warned that brain-computer interfaces risk being controlled by vicious （恶意的）artificial intelligence.Such an action could lead to AI controlling the thoughts, dec

10、isions and emotions of a person using a braincomputer link. Technological developments mean that we are on a path to a world in which it will be possible to discover peoples mental processes and directly operate the brain mechanisms underlying their intentions, emotions and decision/9 stated a Natur

11、e comment piece written by 27 scientists and machine intelligence engineers. The possible medical and social benefits in it are vast. But we must guide their development in a way that respects, protects and enables what is best in humanity.”12. What message did Musk convey about his Neuralink?A. It

12、sells brain-machine interfaces.B. It offers rich data about interfaces.C. It has followers to connect humans and computers.D. Its new technology will be accessible to the public soon .A. Neuralink aims to know the human brain better.B. How the hardware functions is already known.C. The brain-machine

13、 interface was invented in 2016.D. The interface is expected to link the human brain and computers rapidly.14. According to Musk, why are brain-machine interfaces important?A. Because they may treat human like house pets.B. Because they may make AI serve human better.C. Because they build neural cir

14、cuits in human brains.D. Because they rapidly develop artificial intelligence.15. What is the attitude of Nature to brain-machine interfaces?A. ObjectiveB. FavorableC. OpposedD. Indifferent【答案】12.D13. D 14. B 15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章从Neutrallink这家公司宣称的即将实现的“人脑-计算机接口”技术引入, 讲述了这一技术可以带来的益处和弊端。【12题详解】 细节理

15、解题。根据第段 “Elon Musk has expressed his company - Neuralink is close to announcing the first brain-machine interface （接 口）to connect humans and computers. Musk told followers in Twitter the technology would be “coming soon”可知，Musk表示自己的公司Neutrallink将要宣布史上首个人机接口，并且这项 技术“即将实现”，也就是宣称一项新技术即将面向公众。故选D项。【13题详解

16、】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 Neuralink describes the interface as an extremely high-speed connection between the human brain and computers.v可知，公司声称这一接口可以实现人脑和计算机之间的高速连接。故选D项。【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句 Such an interface, he says, is essential if humans are to compete with such technology in the future.v和最后句 “Last y

17、ear on the Joe Rogan Experience podcast, Musk said Neuralink technology would allow humans to effectively combine with AI”. ” 可知，在 Musk 看来，未来人工智能的发展 可能对人类构成潜在的威胁，通过这样的接口技术就能使人与人工智能“更好地协作”，B选项“因为这 能让人工智能更好地服务人类”符合文意。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中引述自然的评述uThe possible medical and social benefits in it are v

18、ast. But we must guide their development in a way that respects, protects and enables what is best in humanity.,可矢口， 自然杂志既关注到了接口技术的巨大益处，同时也提醒对这种技术必须正确引导，使其不与人性、伦 理相悖，显然是站在比较客观、中立的角度。故选A项。第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Winter is connected with fun and games: sn

19、owball fights skiing, and, every four years, the Winter Olympics.But what will a winter sports enthusiast do if the snow doesnt make an appearance? 16Artificial snow is more like a tightly packed frozen snow that is partly melt. 17 They are broken up by a high-pressure pump at first and then turn in

20、to small frozen pieces. Most artificial snow is made using snow cannons. As the airs cooling capacity falls, so does the amount of water that can be pumped through the machine.18 At -4 a snow cannon can operate at around 80% humidity. But if the outside temperature is -1 , this must be reduced to ar

21、ound 30% humidity.In 1980, the Olympics held in America became the first Winter Games to use machine-made snow.19 Artificial snow also appeared at the two recent Winter Olympics, in Sochi, Russia (2014), and Vancouver, British Columbia (2010). And the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing is the first to

22、rely entirely on artificial snow.20 The International Olympic Committee states that it creates a more consistent surface. In addition, the snow that comes from a cannon is icier than natural snow. It melts more slowly, and provides a harder surface for athletes looking for speed. The first Olympics

23、using entirely artificial snow will probably not be the last.A. But they werent the last.B. It is made from waterdrops.C. Thats when artificial snow comes in.D. What is artificial snow, and how is it made?E. Temperature also plays a significant role in snowmaking.E Artificial snow can be applied int

24、o a wide range of fields.G. Artificial snow is well worth using in the Winter Olympics.【答案】16.C17. B 18.E19. A 20. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人造雪的制作过程以及特点等情况。【16题详解】根据上文 “Winter is connected with fun and games: snowball fights, skiing, and, every four years, the Winter Olympics. But what will a winter

25、sports enthusiast do if the snow doesnt make an appearance?（冬天与娱乐和游 戏有关：打雪仗、滑雪，以及每四年举行一次的冬季奥运会。但是，如果雪没有出现，冬季运动爱好者该 怎么办呢？）”可知，上文提到了没有雪的情况，本句为本段最后一句，应回答上文的问题：人造雪。故C 选项“那就到了人造雪出场的时候”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文 u Artificial snow is more like a tightly packed frozen snow that is partly melt.（人造雪更像是一种部分 融化的紧密的冰冻

26、雪）”以及后文 “They are broken up by a high-pressure pump at first and then turn into small frozen pieces.（它们首先被高压泵分解，然后变成小的冷冻碎片）”可知，本句是在说明后文被高压泵分解的 是什么：水滴，B选项中waterdrops对应后文they,故B选项“它是由水滴制成的”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据后文 ,At -4 a snow cannon can operate at around 80% humidity. But if the outside temperature is -

27、1 , this must be reduced to around 30% humidity.（在-4时，雪炮可以在80%左右的湿度下工作。但如果室外温度为- 1,这必须降低到30%左右的湿度）”可知，本句启示下文，指出温度对造雪的作用。故E选项“温度在 造雪中也起着重耍作用”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文 “In 1980, the Olympics held in America became the first Winter Games to use machine-madesnow.（1980年，在美国举行的奥运会成为第一次使用机器造雪的冬奥会）”以及后文Artificia

28、l snow also appeared at the two recent Winter Olympics, in Sochi, Russia （2014）, and Vancouver, British Columbia （2010）. And the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing is the first to rely entirely on artificial snow.（人造雪也出现在最近的两届冬 奥会上，分别是俄罗斯索契（2014年）和不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华（2010年）。2022年北京冬奥会是第一 次完全依靠人工雪举办的冬奥会）”可知，后文提

29、到了另外两届使用机器造雪的冬奥会，可见美国不是最后 一个使用机器造雪的冬奥会。故A选项“但他们不是最后一个符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文 “The International Olympic Committee states that it creates a more consistent surface. In addition, the snow that comes from a cannon is icier than natural snow. It melts more slowly, and provides a harder surface for athletes

30、 looking for speed. The first Olympics using entirely artificial snow will probably not be the last.（国际奥委会表示，它创造了一个更一致的表面。止匕外，大炮上的雪比天然雪更冷。它融化得更慢，为寻求速度的运 动员提供了更坚硬的表面。第一届完全使用人工雪的奥运会可能不会是最后一届）”可知，本段主要说明了 人造雪的一些优点，可见很值得使用。故G选项“人造雪很值得在冬奥会上使用符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其

31、大意，然后从41到55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。Dilys Price is not a typical 85-year-oId grandmother. She might look like a 21 teacher from Cardiff which, technically, is exactly what she is but shes also made a （an） 22 of jumping out of planes.Known throughout Wales as Daredevil Dilys”, the 2

32、3 woman made her first parachute jump at the age of 54. She has now completed more than 1,139 jumps for 24.25, Dilys was afraid ofheights before her first jump, but 30 years later, she 26 the Guinness World Record as the Oldest Female Solo Sky Diver, and she has 27 tens of thousands of pounds for ch

33、arity.Dilys has 28 her life to helping young people with disabilities. In 1996, she 29 The Touch Trust from her kitchen in Cardiff, and it soon 30 into a renowned centre for touch therapy （疗法）”for people with disabilities. With her new 31, they help more than 1 , 000 adults and children everyweek.Sh

34、e 32 from running the charity in 2015 but shes still helping to fundraise its work throughher parachute 33.Dilys saysJTve had a lovely 34! Im extremely stubborn and I wont give up in what I believein. Life should be fun, be _35.and have a purpose.”21. A. physicalB. retiredC. youngD. flight22. A. hab

35、itB. promiseC. careerD. attempt23. A. generousB. delicateC. fearlessD. tender24. A. charityB. exerciseC. livingD. pleasure25. A. NaturallyB. TypicallyC. FortunatelyD. Incredibly26. A. holdsB. takesC. equalsD. leaves27. A. earnedB. raisedC. donatedD.saved28. A. lostB. livedC. devotedD. spared29. A. a

36、ppliedB. namedC. inventedD.founded30. A. movedB. joinedC. brokeD. grew31 A. thoughtB. techniqueC. findingD. medicine32. A. stepped downB. drove awayC. ran outD. held back33. A. recordsB. skillsC. memories34. A. jobB. businessC. life35. A. peacefulB. challengingC. simple【答案】21.B22. A 23. C 24. A 25.

37、D 26. A 27. BD. jumpsD. centreD. difficult28. C 29. D 30. D 31.B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了通过从飞机上跳下来为慈善事业筹集资金的85岁老奶奶迪利斯的 事迹。21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dilys Price不是一个典型的85岁的老奶奶。她可能看起来像一个来自卡迪夫 的退休教师一一严格来说，她确实是这样一一但她还有一个从飞机上跳下来的习惯。A. physical物理学 的；B. retired退休的；C. young年轻的；D.flight飞行。空前一句说迪利

38、斯已经85岁高龄了，所以是一位 退休教师，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. habit习惯；B. promise承诺；C.career职业；D. attempt努力、尝试。根 据下文of jumping out of planes.可知，迪利斯还有一个从飞机上跳下来的习惯，故选A。23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：威尔士被称为“勇敢的迪利斯”，这位无所畏惧的女子在54岁时第一次跳 伞。A. generous大方的；B. delicate熟练的、灵巧的；C.fearless勇敢的；D. tender温柔的。上文说迪利斯 以从飞机上跳下来，因此她十分勇敢，故选C。【24题

39、详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她现在已经为慈善事业从飞机上跳下来超过1139次。A. charity慈善事业；B. exercise锻炼；C.living生计；D. pleasure快乐。下文的charity原词复现，说明她从飞机上跳下来是为了慈 善事业，故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，迪利斯在第一次跳伞前就恐高，但30年后，她成为了吉 尼斯世界纪录的最年长女性单人跳伞者，并为慈善机构筹集了数万英镑。A. Naturally自然地；B. Typically 典型地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D.Incredibly难以置信地。根据上下文语境，从恐高到成

40、为吉尼斯世界纪 录的最年长女性单人跳伞者，这是令人难以置信的，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. holds持有；B. takes拿；C.equals比得上；D. leaves离开。根据下文 “the Guinness World Record as the Oldest Female Solo Sky Diver” 可知，她保持着最年长女性单人跳伞者这一吉尼斯世界纪录，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. earned挣得;B. raised筹集；C. donated捐赠;D. saved节省。根据下文 “tens of thousands of pou

41、nds for charity.v可知，迪利斯通过从飞机上跳下来已经为慈善机构筹集了数万英镑，故选B。28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：迪利斯一生致力于帮助残疾青年。A. lost失去；B. lived过活；C. devoted致力 于；D. spared 匀出。根据 her life to helping young people with disabilities. 可知，迪利斯一生致力于帮助 残疾青年。devote ones liffe to毕生致力于，故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1996年，她在卡迪夫的厨房里成立了触摸信托基金会，该基金会很快发展成为 一个著名的残疾

42、人“触摸治疗”中心。A. applied应用；B.named命名；C.invented发明;D.founded创 立。根据宾语The Touch Trust可知是“成立触摸信托基金会”，故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. moved移动；B.joined加入；C. broke打破、闯入；D.grew成长、发 展。根据 “a renowned centre for “touch therapy for people with disabilities/,此处介绍触摸信托基金会从 成立到发展的过程，即：很快发展成为一个著名的残疾人“触摸治疗”中心，故选D。31题详解】考查名词词

43、义辨析。句意：有了新技术，他们每周帮助1000多名成年人和儿童。A.thought想法；B.technique 技巧、技术；C. finding 发现；D. medicine 药、医疗。根据下文 “they help more than 1,000 adults and children every week.”可知，在新技术的帮助下，他们才得以帮助更多的人，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：2015年，她退出了慈善机构的运营，但她仍在通过跳伞（从飞机上跳下来）来 帮助筹集资金。A. stepped down走下、退出；B. drove away离去；C.ran out跑出、用完；

44、D. held back抑 制、退缩、阻止。空后一句说但她仍在通过从飞机上跳下来来帮助筹集资金，这说明她退出了慈善机构的 运营，故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. records记录；B. skills技巧；C. memories回忆；D. jumps跳伞。根据上 文的讲述可知，迪利斯是通过跳伞（从飞机上跳下来）来筹集资金的，故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪利斯说：“现在我有一个很好的生活！我非常坚持，我不会放弃我的信仰。 生活应该充满乐趣，充满挑战，有目标。 A. job工作；B. business事业；C. life生活；D.centre中心。根 据上下

45、文语境可知，迪利斯对自己目前的生活很满意一一可以通过从飞机上跳下来来筹集资金帮助别人， 故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. peaceful和平的；B.challenging有挑战的；C.simple简单的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文的讲述可知，从飞机上跳下来是极具挑战性的，故选B。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。During national holiday, famous landmarks and tourist 36 (attract) in China

46、 are usually very crowded. For example, in Beijing the Forbidden City often 37 (become) overcrowded with tourists, so people can 38 (hard) enjoy themselves. Because of this, some tourists might get a bad impression 39 these places.In order to deal with this situation, 40 could be best for people 41

47、(lower) their expectations of a perfect visit it cant be avoided that there will be a lot of tourists when you visit places of interest. This problem can 42 (solve) if people visit different places. Besides, its43 (possibility) that we avoidthis 44 (overcrowd) by choosing to visit famous places duri

48、ng the years offseason (淡季).You could also visit equally interesting but 45 (little) known places instead.【答案】36. attractions37. becomes38. hardly 39. of 40. it 41. to lower42. be solved43. possible44. overcrowding 45.less【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了国庆节期间，各大旅游景点常常人满为患，如何处理这种情况 呢？作者提出几项建议。【36题详解】考查名词复数。句意:国庆节期间，中国的名胜古迹和旅游景点都很拥挤。tourist at