2023届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化100题（8）（含解析）.docx

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1、2023届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化100题（8）1. Do you still remember Jurassic Park, an amazing movie where science brings dinosaurs back from extinction? Now some very smart scientists are working on a way to revive, not dinosaurs, but other extinct species like the woolly mammoth（猛码象）using the gene editing technolog

2、y known as CRISPR.As an evolutionary biologist, obviously, it would be amazing to bring back extinct creatures. But even if we can bring them back, we are not going to be able to control how they will evolve in the future. No man is an island and neither is any other creature. We need an ecosystem i

3、n order to survive. So we can think a lot about the examples of reintroducing species into the environment, like the gray wolves into Yellowstone National Park. Ecology is very complicated and it certainly wasnt important when we first introduced rabbits into Australia, which was a total disaster ev

4、entually.All animals like birds and mammals have to learn from their parents. If we bring them back to life, who are going to be around to teach them? We have examples where in California weve had the reproduction of the condors（大秃鹰）.What scientists tried to do is feed the babies using a mother cond

5、or puppet. When these poor creatures were released into the wild, they had an unnatural liking for humans. They didnt behave the way they should have, for condors.According to Performing Animal Welfare Society, a healthy elephant costs about $70,000 per year to care for and an elderly elephant costs

6、 a good deal more. Of course, we are not talking about one. Were talking about many creatures. I don*t think these creatures will have a future.l.Why does the author mention the film in the first paragraph?A.To recall an amazing movie.B.To promote some extinct species.C.To introduce the topic to be

7、discussed. D.To get to know some intelligent scientists. 2.What does the author want to tell us by the examples in Paragraph 2?A.Humans need a balanced ecosystem to survive.B.To bring back extinct creatures was an unwise idea.C.Helping endangered species proved to be beneficial to humans.D.There wer

8、e all sorts of positive effects of reintroducing species.3 .Which animal didnt act in its own way?A.The condor.B.The gray wolf.C.The rabbit.D.The elephant.4 .What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Is Jurassic Park an Amazing Movie?B.What Do Creatures Need to Survive?C.Should We Bring Extinct An

9、imals Back to Life?D.How Does an Evolutionary Biologist Protect Animals?2. Most kids can walk into a library or bookstore and find hundreds of books to read. But its not that simple for kids who are blind. They read in a different way. Jenny Lee and other braille（布莱叶盲文） transcribers take the printed

10、 words of a book and change them into a code of raised dots. Blind people can答案以及解析1 .答案：1-4 CBAC解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 Now some very smart scientists are working on a way to revive, not dinosaurs, but other extinct species可知，作者提到侏罗纪公园这部电影是为了引出” 是否应该复活灭绝物种”的话题,故选C项。2 .推理判断题。根据第二段中的we are not going to

11、be able to control how they will evolve in the future.可知，作者用兔子被引入澳大利亚后造成了一场大灾难的例子来告诉我们,生态很复杂,复活 灭绝的生物是很不明智的,故选B项。3 .细节理解题。根据第三段中的 When these poor creatures were released into the wild, they had an unnatural liking for humans. They didnt behave the way they should have, for condors.可知，对于大秃鹰 来说,它们的行为不

12、像正常状态,故选A项。4 .主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文以”是否应该让灭绝的动物复活?”为话题展开讨论,详细陈述了 不支持让灭绝动物复活的原因；C项”我们应该让灭绝的动物复活吗?”为最佳标题,故选C项。2 .答案：1 -4 CDCB解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的.take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Then turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.可知，作者让读者触摸圆珠笔在纸上 扎出的点，以此来亲身体验盲文是什

13、么感觉,故选C项。3 .推理判断题。根据第二段中的 When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if shed ever be able to read and write them easily.可知，李对自己是否能够轻松阅读并书写盲文存疑，再 结合后文说她努力学习了六个月才通过最终考试可知，她对盲文的第一反应应是觉得它很难学会， 故选D项。4 .词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的 Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring.a few

14、minutes with them.可推知，这项工作单一重复,有时会让人疲惫，但是和狗一起玩的时间会令人放松； C项意为帮助恢复精神的东西”,与画线处为同义表达,故选C项。5 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的关键词tiring以及最后一段Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kids* hands.”可知，作者认为她的工作虽然累人但有意义，故选B 项。3.答案：1-4 CADD解析：1.主旨大意题。第一段中的 What does old* really mean these days? Th

15、is isnt a meaningless question一not only.but it also对人什么时候变老”这一问题的重要性进行了阐述，由此可推知I,第一 段主要是关于“老”的定义的重要性,故选C项。2 .词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的定语从句which looks to the future以及进一步的解释Everyone with the same prospective age has the same expected remaining years of life.可推知，画线短语 prospective age意为人的预期剩余寿命”，故选A项。3 .细节理解题。根据第四段

16、中的 Scherbov explained young and old are relative concepts, and that their common reference point is life expectancy.可知，“年轻“和“年老”是以预期寿命为共同参照点的对 相对概念，由此可推知,谢尔波夫认为“年轻“和“年老”概念的相似之处是它们的参照点相同,故选D 项。4 .细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句 Those with more education tend not to smoke.and, therefore, live longer, meaning the beg

17、inning of their old age comes later, says Scherbov.可知，受教育程度较高的 人寿命更长，由此可推知,提高教育水平有助于长寿,故选D项。5 .答案：1-4BBCD解析：1.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的定语从句that have evolved alongside humans in our homes for the past 10,000 years可知，这些动物在过去的一万年里与人类在家中共同进化，结合上文的pet dogs 和下文的in our homes可推知domesticated意为”驯化的；家养的，故选B项。1 .2田节理.解题。根据

18、第五段中的 analyzing first the emotional component with the older region of the brain可知,狗的大脑分析夸赞的语言时; 首先要做的是分析话语的情感成分,故选B项。3 .推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 What exactly happens in your dogs brain when it hears praise, and is it similar to the way our own brain processes such information?和第三段最后一句 Still, a puzzle remain

19、ed: Do their brains go through the same steps to process approval?以及最后一段第一句 See why dogs are so successful in partnering us?可推知，本文是通过提出问题并给出答案的方式组织内容的，故 选C项。4 .主旨大意题。文章首段提出疑问”为什么狗能听懂人类讲话?”文章围绕此进行分析，得出结论,最 后段中的 Dogs and humans last shared a common.brains respond to sounds in a similar way.说明狗和 人类大约在一

20、亿年前拥有共同的祖先,我们的大脑对声音的反应和狗对声音的反应很可能是类似的, 由此可推知,D项”狗理解话语的方式和我们一样”为最佳标题,故选D项。5 .答案：1-4BDCC解析：1 .主旨大意题。根据第三段中的 Tears, which are released from tear tubes.mucus, water and oil. 可知，眼泪在眼睛上形成一层薄膜，由三种成分组成：黏液、水和油脂。下文具体阐释三种成分，由 此可推知I,第三段主要讲了眼泪的成分,故选B项。2 .词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知,鳄鱼流泪不是因为情感,而是因为鳄鱼进食的时候会流泪， 所以“鳄鱼的眼泪”指的是一个

21、人虚假的情感表达，由此可推知画线词phony意为”虚假的二故选D 项。3 .细节理解题。由题干中的Lionel Sebbag可定位至倒数第二段，由该段中的But tears play key roles beyond weeping, notes Lionel Sebbag at Iowa State University.and clearing the eye.可知,莱昂内尔塞 巴格指出，眼泪除了起哭泣的作用，还通过润滑和清洁眼睛来对视力产生帮助，由此可推知,莱昂内 尔塞巴格可能会同意C项叩艮泪可以润滑和清洁眼睛”的观点，故选C项。4 .主旨大意题。根据第一段的一项新研究可知,动物的眼泪可

22、能为更好地治疗人类眼疾提供了思路， 下文具体说明这一研究结论;C项”动物的眼泪预示着新的治疗方法”为最佳标题,故选C项。6 .答案：1-4 BCCD解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段 While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary, they were simultaneously （同时地）shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word. When the word was repeated, they were supp

23、osed to perform the gesture themselves.（当测试对象第 一次听到新词汇时，他们同时看到了一段视频，视频中有人做了一个与单词意思相匹配的手势。 当这个词被重复时，他们应该自己做这个手势。）可知，测试对象被要求重复视频里的人所做的 事。故选 Bo 2.推理判断题。根据第三段 The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures研究人员得出结论，运动皮层有助于翻译通 过手势学习的词

24、汇。）可知，发送脉冲是为了确认运动皮层的功能。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据 最后一段I think we underuse gesture in our classrooms我认为我们在课堂上没有充分利用手势。） 可知，Brian Mathias认为这一研究可以用于课堂教学。故选C。4.标题归纳题。根据第一段But if you also gesture with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary better, even months later. Linking a word to brain areas r

25、esponsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.（n 如果你在学习的时候也用手臂做手势，即使几个月后，你也能更好地记住词汇。将一个单词与大 脑负责运动的区域联系起来，可以加强对其含义的记忆。）可知，文章主要介绍了当学习一门外 语时，大多数都采取了传统的方法：读、写、听和重复。但是如果你在学习的同时加上手势动 作，可以帮助你更好地记住词汇。所以D.Gestures Help Learn New Words （手势有助于学习新单 词）作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。7 .答案：1-4 ABAA解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段

26、中的 “Perhaps the greatest lesson I share is that being rich isn*t a dollar amount; it is a perception that includes happiness, peace of mind, comfort and security.（也许我分享 的最重要的经验是，富有不是钱的数目；这是一种包括幸福、心灵舒适和安全感的感知）”可推 断，作者对财富的理解是，它更多的是一种精神状态。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的u Donating your time makes you grateful for a

27、ll that you have, and youll have the unmatched joy and excitement of knowing you made a huge impact for the good of others.（奉献你的时间会让你感激你所拥 有的一切，你会拥有无与伦比的喜悦和兴奋，因为知道你为他人的利益产生了巨大的影响）”可 知，花时间帮助别人会让一个人感激他已经拥有的一切。故选B。3.主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“This has the added benefit of serving as a good role model to your childr

28、en.（这样做还有一个额外的好 处，那就是给你的孩子树立一个好榜样）”及整段内容可知，本段的重点都是阐述做志愿服务的 好处。故选A。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“As a financial adviser, my clients come to me seeking help with growing their wealthy作为一名理财顾问，我的客户来向我寻求财富增长的帮助）” 和最后段中的 “If “wealth“ really is a perception of happiness, comfort and security, we must learn to get outsi

29、de our own experience and understand what wealth means to other people.（如果 “贝才富” 真的是 一种幸福、舒适和安全的感觉，我们必须学会走出自己的经验，了解财富对其他人意味着什 么）”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了对财富的正确认识，有钱不一定富有，当志愿者与别人 分享时间、金钱、精力时，他们才是真正富有的人。由此可知，“A Road to Real Wealth in Life（通 往真正财富的道路）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。8 .答案：1-4 DADC解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段的 uEmotions suc

30、h as surprise that use the mouth may be mistaken for strongly negative emotions such as anger or sadness, and a smile may seem diminished or less genuine when the teeth and lips are covered（用嘴表达的惊讶等情绪可能会被误认为是愤怒或悲伤等强烈的负 面情绪，而当牙齿和嘴唇被遮住时，微笑可能会显得不那么真诚。）”可知，在诠释一种情绪 时，嘴巴很有帮助。故选D。2.推理判断题。根据第三段的“As a surgeo

31、n who often wears masks around patients, he is careful to use other cues to be clear（作为一名外科医生，他在病人身边经常戴着 口罩，所以他会小心地使用其他线索来表达清楚）”可知，Revenaugh在理解情感感知方面有优势 是因为他的职业，故选A。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Hl simply say, Pm joking.（我会简单地 说，我在开玩笑。）”可知，Revenaugh为了确保他的笑话不会失败，他会直接告诉病人他的 意图，故选D。4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段的“Ways to adjus

32、t to restricted facial communication include making more of an effort to analyse positivity. People can employ a cadence to their speech to guide others, for example. Crinkling the corners of the eyes, a lighter tone of the voice, all can help.（适应有限的面部交流的方法包括努力分析积极的一面。例如，人们可以用自己的抑扬顿挫 来引导别人。皱起眼角，轻声细语

33、，这些都有帮助。）”可知，本文主要讲的是戴口罩会减少我 们对于积极情绪的感知及如何应对，也就是在戴着口罩的情况下如何进行有效的交流，因此最好 的题目是C选项“How to Improve Masked Communication（如何改善蒙面沟通）”，故选C。9 .答案：1-4 BCAB解析：1 .考查细节理解题。根据题干：What is Peter Cavanaghs passion?锁定到第二段第一句：Peter Cavanagh, of Lopez Island certainly qualifies in the passionate category, having taken 60

34、0,000 pictures of birds all over the world in the past 13 years.因此选Bo 2.考查推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的： Humans have spent more than six centuries trying to imitate bird flight but still have not produced flying machines with all of the complexity, flexibility and performance that is commonplace for birds.证明了 鸟 类

35、无与伦比的飞行能力，我们还是望尘莫及。故选C。3.考查词义理解题。根据划线词前面的：“In 2019, Airbus produced a Bird of Prey” design 以及它后面的:“the eagles wing and tail structure for flight control不难看出A Imitated（模仿）为正确答案。4.考查推理判断题。从文章开头第一 句:If it werent for passionate people, this would be a dull world indeed,以及最后一段的内容,可知 B 是正确答案。10 .答案：1-3 BA

36、C解析：1 .考查细节理解题。根据题干：What is required when you use the bus services?锁定至U：标 题：Face coverings.以及第二段第行的： You must wear a face covering, over your nose and mouth, for the full uration of journeys on the public transport network .可知 B 为正确答案。2.考查细节理解题.根据题干：What can passengers do at the controller office?锁定

37、到：标题：Bus Station Controller Offices.以及该段第二行的：. report any safety concerns or hand in lost property. nJ 知A项为正确答案。3.考查细节理解题。根据题干中的：at midnight?可知只有C项符合要求（一 周7天，每天24小时）。read these dots with their fingers. To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Then t

38、urn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she*d ever be able to read and write them easily. She took a class and practiced hard for about six months before she passed the final exam: she had to convert 35 pa

39、ges of a book into braille. Today, Lee works for a publisher. One of her jobs is to change childrens books into braille.To do this, Lee first types the story into a computer and then uses a computer program to translate it into the braille code. Next, she looks over the translation several times to

40、make sure its mistake-free. After that, a copy of the braille story is printed with a special printer. Then Lee and a proofreader work together to find and correct any mistake. When a book is ready, many copies of it are printed. Afterward, some are sold through websites and others are sent to libra

41、ries.Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. Thats when Lee takes a break. Several of Jenny Lees co-workers, who are blind, use guide dogs. When the animals arent working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them. To her, playing with dogs “is always a pick-me-up in the middle o

42、f the day”.“I love this mission, Lee says. nThrough my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kids hands.nl.How does the writer explain what braille feels like?A.By explaining what braille words look like. B.By describing how blind people read books.C.By asking readers to experi

43、ence it themselves. D.By giving examples of different braille words.2 .What was Lees first reaction to braille?A.She was excited to get a new skill.B.She was amazed at the clever idea.C.She realized she could teach it herself.D.She believed it would be difficult to learn.3 .What does the underlined

44、part pick-me-upH in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A.A discussion to release work stress.C.Something to help restore ones spirits.4.What does Lee think of her job?A.Profitable and hopeful.C.Relaxing and helpful.B.Something to improve ones appetite.D.A free ride accompanied by a guide dog.B.Tiring bu

45、t meaningful.D.Boring but challenging.3.An Ageless Question: When Is Someone Old?What does old really mean these days? This isnt a meaningless question-not only does the definition of old have an out-sized impact on how we feel about ourselves (not to mention how others view us), but it also matters

46、 to policy makers determining how to plan for aging populations.The United Nations historically has defined older persons as people aged 60 years and over (sometimes 65). It didnt matter whether you lived in the United States, China or Senegal, even though life expectancy is quite different in each

47、of those countries. Everyone became old at 60.Researchers Sergei Scherbov and Wanen Sanderson, who study aging, are suggesting overturning the one-size-fits-all definition of “old” across the globe. Instead, they talk about prospective age”, which looks to the future. Everyone with the same prospect

48、ive age has the same expected remaining years of life.Scherbov explained young and old are relative concepts, and that their common reference point is life expectancy. It makes sense that old would vary between nations, especially between more- and less- developed countries, with differences in educ

49、ation, death rates, access to health care and life expectancy.But who is old also varies widely between individuals. The point, Scherbov says, is that personal age is dependent on our characteristics一understanding abilities, disability, health history and even education levels. Those with more education tend not to smoke, exercise more fre