2023届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化100题（9）（含解析）.docx

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1、2023届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解强化100题（9）1. A new research shows human activity is changing the sound of the Earths oceans and seas. Scientists say the sound changes of our oceans, seas, and other waterways affect many marine （海洋的）animals - from very small shrimps to huge whales.Sound travels very far underwater,

2、Francis Juanes, an ecologist at the University of Victoria in Canada, told the Associated Press. For fish, he explained, sound is probably a better way to sense their environment than light. Sounds help fish and other marine animals survive and communicate with each other. Sounds also help some ocea

3、n animals find food and avoid their hunters.However, increased noise from humans is making it harder for these animals to hear each other. The noise is coming from shipping traffic, underwater exploration, and other noisy human activities. For many marine animals, their attempts to communicate are b

4、eing masked （掩盖）by sounds that humans have produced. Experts explain that masking happens when one or more noises in the water block sound important to a marine animals living. The overall number of marine animals has gone down by about half since 1970. Some studies show the stress from human noise

5、might also affect the immune system as well as reproductive health or behavior. Imagine having to raise your kids in a place thaf s noisy all the time J said Joe Roman, a marine ecologist at the University of Vermont.When people think of problems facing the ocean, we often think of climate change, p

6、lastics, and overfishing. But noise pollution is another thing we need to be monitoring. Sound pollution may be easier to deal with than other ocean problems/5 Scientist Juanes says. If we make something for the ocean, think about how to make it quieter.”l.Why is sound underwater important for ocean

7、 animals? A.It changes with light.Bits difficult to sense.C.It helps them survive and communicate. D.It helps hunters to find where they are. 2.What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A.Human noise brings stress to marine animals. B.Kids should experience noise to be healthy. C.Underwater exploration

8、must be stopped.0.Marine animals have got used to sound changes. 3. What is the authors purpose of writing the text? A.To introduce the benefits of sounds.B.To show the effects of climate change.C.To draw attention to sound pollution. D.To share a method of studying oceans.2. With about 1,000-meter-

9、high steep cliffs （陡山肖的悬崖）around, there Xiazhuang, Chongqing had only one pathway out of the village, and it took villagers three days to walk to the main town. People there used to risk their lives going out of the mountain village. In the 40 years to 1997, 23 people had died from答案以及解析1 .答案:l.C;2.

10、A; 3.C解析：1 .细节理解题.根据文章第二段Sounds help fish and other marine animals communicate with each other. Sounds also help some ocean animals find food and avoid their hunters.（声音帮助鱼类和其他 海洋动物相互交流.声音还可以帮助一些海洋动物寻找食物,躲避捕猎者.）”可知,声音帮助他们判 断和联系.故选C.2 .主旨大意题.根据文章第三段However, increased noise from hunans is making it ha

11、rder for these animals to hear each other.（然而,来自人类的噪音增加使得这些动物更难听到彼此.）”可知,第三段 主要讲述了人类的噪音给海洋动物带来了压力.故选A .3 .推理判断题根据文章最后一段But noise pollution is another thing we need pay attention to. Sound pollution may be easier to deal with than other ocean problems, n Scientist Juanes says, nIf we make nothing for

12、 the ocean, think about how to make it quieter/* （但是噪音污染是我们需要注意的另一件事.”声音污染可能比其他海洋问题更容易处理,”科学家Juanes说J如果我们什么也不给海洋制造,想 想如何让它更安静.“）“可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了以起人们对声音污染的注意.故选C.4 .答案：LD;2.A;3.B;4.B解析：1 .主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“With about 1,000-meter-high steep cliffs （陡峭的悬崖）around, there Xiazhuang, Chongqing had only one pa

13、thway out of the village, and it took villagers three days to walk to the main town. People there used to risk their lives going out of the mountain village.（重庆下庄周 围有大约1000米高的陡峭悬崖,只有一条路可以出村，村民们要花三天时间才能走到主镇。那里的人 过去常常冒着生命危险走出这个山村及“Then, village head Mao Xianglin held a meeting in 1997 and suggested bu

14、ilding a road snaking along the mountains（1997 年,村长毛祥林召开会议，建议在山区修建 一条蜿蜒的公路广可知,第一段主要讲述了修建这条公路的原因。故选Do2 .推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Workers from ropes and used hammers, drills and even explosives to create the road. Falling rocks and other dangers led to the deaths of six villagers. When they slept in caves （洞穴）at

15、 night, they tied a rope around their bodies with the other end tied to the root of an old tree to make sure they did not fall off the cliff.（工人们用绳子、锤子、钻头甚至炸药筑路。坠落的岩石和其 他危险导致6名村民死亡。当他们晚上在洞穴里睡觉时，他们把绳子绑在身体上，另一端绑在一棵老 树的树根上,以确保他们不会从悬崖上掉下来）”可知，修筑这条路是一项艰巨的任务。故选Ao.词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“We had to do something to e

16、nsure the next generation could go out of the mountains for a good life （我们必须做些什么来确保下一代能够走出山区过上好日子）”可推知， 划线词所在句Mountains had isolated us from the outside for generations.意为“几代人以来，高山使我们 与外界隔绝。”由此推知，划线词isolated与separated（隔开，阻隔）意思接近。故选B。3 .推理判断题。根据第段中的“Then, village head Mao Xianglin held a meeting in

17、1997 and suggested building a road snaking along the mountains, but almost no villager agreed because they had no money, no machines and no confidence to take on the tough project.（1997 年,村长毛祥林召开会议，建议在山区修建 一条蜿蜒的公路,但几乎没有村民同意，因为他们没有钱，没有机器,也没有信心承担这项艰巨的工程广 及第二段中的“Later that year, around 100 people volun

18、teered to do the work after Maos effbrts.（那年晚 些时候，在毛祥林的努力下，大约有100人自愿参加了这项工作广和最后一段中的“When the 8- kilometer road was completed in 2004, it enabled many villagers to travel out and find work. Incomes increased as a result. Mao will retire in five years, planning to widen the current road and focus on e

19、cotourism.（当这条8公里长的公路在2004年竣工时，它使许多村民能够外出找工作。收入因此增加 了。毛将在5年内退休,计划扩大当前的道路，关注生态旅游）”可知，在村长毛祥林的坚持下，历时7年, 一条8公里长的公路最终被建成。由此推知，毛祥林是一个执着坚定的人。故选B。3.答案:l.B;2.B;3.C;4.C解析：1 .推理判断题。根据文章第三段 “Old enough to be away from home? But new to the ways of the world? This time of life is risky for human adolescents as we

20、ll. Wildlife biologists describe these unprepared creatures as predator natives.（能离开家了吗？但对世界的方式陌生吗？这段时间对人类 青少年来说也是有风险的。野生生物学家把这些毫无准备的生物描述为捕食者的幼稚。）”可推 知，年幼的动物和青少年虽然年龄大到可以离开家庭，但对世界的生活方式却完全不了解，缺乏 经验。故选B。2 .细节理解题。根据文章第四段Adolescents must have predator awareness if they are to survive. Said another way. T

21、o become safe, you must take risks.（为了生存，青少年必须有捕食者的意识。另一种 说法是：要想变得安全，就必须冒险。）”可知，为了安全，不同物种的年幼的群体都需要去经历 各种危险。故选B。3 .细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Predator inspection provides young animals important information about their deadly predators.（捕食者检查为幼小动物提供了关于它们致命的捕食者的重要信息。）” 可知，通过捕食者检查它们可以了解它们的捕食者。故选C。4 .推理判断题。根据文章最后一段S

22、tudying wild animal adolescence offers a new understanding of why teenagers act the way they do. Parents should balance the urge to protect with the need to let their teenagers test their wigs.（对野生动物青春期的研究提供了对青少年行为方式的新理解。父母应该在 保护孩子的冲动和让孩子测试翅膀的需要之间找到平衡。）”可推知，研究野生动物青春期有益于 人类养育。故选C。5 .答案：1-4 CBAB解析：1 .

23、细节理解题。根据第二段中 “ the pair have chosen a Hogwarts-themed party that guests can attend via their phones, tablets or laptops.n（两人选择了霍格沃茨主题派对，客人可以通过手机，平 板电脑或者笔记本电脑参加。）可知，参加婚礼仪式的客人们可以通过手机，平板电脑或者笔记 本电脑参加。故选C。2.词句猜测题。根据戈ij线处下文“The one-hour event will see the newlyweds virtually address their guests to expres

24、s their appreciation, who will be able to explore the castle and customize their avatars，（头像）appearance and outfit.（在一小时的活动中，新婚夫妇将在虚拟场景 中向客人address,表达他们的感激之情，客人将能够探索城堡，并定制他们的化身的外表和装 备。）可知，此处新婚夫妇表达对客人们的感激，可推知，划线词的含义为“向说话”，与 express 同义，故选 B。3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 “As well as being able to invite guests who c

25、ouldnt otherwise attend, the couple said the digital celebration has another unique advantage: they can involve Ramaswamy late father in the proceedings.（除了能够邀请那些本来不能出席的客人，这对 夫妇说，这种数码式庆祝还有另一个独特的优势：它们可以让拉马斯瓦米已故的父亲参与进 来。）可知，这个网络婚礼仪式的独特的优势在于可以让已故的父亲参加。故选A。4.主旨大意 题。通读文章，文章第一段 “As Covid-19 forces familie

26、s across India to downsize or cancel their traditionally large-scale wedding.one couple has found a place unaffected by restrictions: the metaverse, （随着2019冠状病毒疾病迫使印度各地的家庭缩减规模或取消他们传统的大型婚礼，一对夫妇找到 了一个不受限制的地方：元宇宙）提到了这对夫妇通过元宇宙举行了自己的婚礼，第四段讲述了 这场婚礼的过程，倒数第二段提到了数码婚礼的优点，所以文章的标题可以为“印度的一对夫妇 计划了第一个元宇宙婚礼”，选项B与文意

27、相符，故选B。6 .答案:LA; 2.C;3.B;4.B解析：1 .推理判断题。根据第一-段“So if the differences are minimal, why bother looking for something else?”（所以，如果差异很小,为什么还要去寻找其他东西呢?）根据第二段，What stands out is that they minimize the data gathered about us by blocking the technologies used to track us, when most mainstream browsers, such

28、 as Chrome from Google, have been trying to develop a new way to target us with ads.（最 突出的是，他们通过屏蔽追踪我们的技术,将收集到的关于我们的数据最小化，而大多数主流浏览器， 比如谷歌的chrome浏览器，一直在尝试开发一种新的方式来通过广告锁定我们。）由此判断出，作者 对私人浏览器的看法是热心的。故选A项。7 .细节理解题。根据第二段What stands out is that they minimize the data gathered about us by blocking the techn

29、ologies used to track us, when most mainstream browsers, such as Chrome from Google, have been trying to develop a new way to target us with ads.（最突出的是，他们通过屏蔽追踪我们的技术，将 收集到的关于我们的数据最小化,而大多数主流浏览器，比如谷歌的chrome浏览器，一直在尝试开发- 种新的方式来通过广告锁定我们,）由此可知,私有浏览器不同于主流浏览器在于私有浏览器为我们的 数据提供了一个保护屏幕。故选C项。8 .词句猜测题。根据换线句子上文You

30、 input a web address and, when done browsing, hit the trash icon to erase the session.（你输入一个网址，浏览完之后，点击垃圾图标来删除会话）可知，退出应用程序会 自动清除历史记录。所以换线词的意思是“清除。故选B项。9 .推理判断题。根据第二段“As a matter of fact, a new type of internet navigator （导航器），called a private browser, has emerged over the last three years.（事实上，在过去的三

31、年中，-种被称为私人浏览 器”的新型互联网导航器出现了）根据第三段“Firefox Focus, Duck DuckGo and Brave are all similar private browsers, but with some important differences/ （Firefox Focus. DuckDuckGo 和 Brave 都是类彳以 的私有浏览器，但也有一些重要的区别。）由此判断出,短文的目的是告知用户这三种新的私人浏览 器。故选B项。6.答案：l.B;2.D;3.C;4.C解析：1.推理判断题。根据第三段To carry on the tradition, fa

32、shion designer Mary Yu, 41, who has been atending classes teaching knot button-making techniques, is trying to renew the design of qipao by taking symbols from Chinese histry and Iterature（为了 延续这一传统,41 岁的时装设计师 Mary Yu-直 在课堂上教授旗袍扣子的制作技巧，她试图通过借鉴中国历史和文学中的符号来更新旗袍的设计）” 可推知,Mary Yu有创造力。故选B。2 .推理判断题。根据第二段Q

33、ipao used to be so popular/1 Leung Long-kong. 89, a well-known qipao crafsman, says, adding that thedress was an everyday outfit among women, from the less well-off to women at the highest levels of society.Now, nobody is wearingthem except on grand and happy occasions.（旗袍曾经很流行J89岁的著名旗袍工匠Leung Long-

34、kong说。他补充说,旗袍是女性的 日常服装，从不太富裕的女性到社会最高阶层的女性。”现在，除了盛大、喜庆的场合，没人再穿 了。，了”可推知，作者在第二段引用Leung Long-kong的话是为了表明旗袍不再像以前那样流行了。 故选D。3 .细节理解题。根据第三段To carry on the tradition, fashion designer Mary Yu, 41, who has been attending classes teaching knot button-making techniques, is trying to renew the design of qipao

35、by taking symbols from Chinese history and literature.（为了 延续这一-传统,41 岁的时装设计师 Mary Yu-直在课 堂上教授旗袍扣子的制作技巧,她试图通过借鉴中国历史和文学中的符号来更新旗袍的设计户可知， 关于旗袍设计的更新，俞在设计中加入了一些中国文化元素。故选C。4 .推理判断题。根据最后-段In the constantly evolving fashion industry, qipao is catching up with the times. Zippers, digital printpatterns and new

36、 materials such as lace and denim have been introduced to a new generation. More daring ideas like 3D printed qipaohave also become a reality. Yu believed that with the help of these new technologies, qipao will find its way back to the daily life ofChinese people in the near future.（在瞬息万变的时尚产业中，旗袍正

37、在与时俱进。拉链、数码印花图案以及蕾丝、牛仔布 等新材料都被引入了新时代。3D打印旗袍等更大胆的想法也成为了现实。俞相信，在这些新技术的 帮助下，旗袍将在不久的将来回到中国人的日常生活中广可推知,旗袍正在回归中国人的日常生活。 故选C。7 .答案：1-4 CDDA解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段Having worked in Chinas “Porcelain Capital” Jingdezhen in East Chinas Jiangxi Province for 14 years, Wang said he had once seen the world*s biggest cera

38、mic here but he had never seen the smallest, so he decided one day to try something different-making micro porcelain.（在 中国东部江西省的“瓷都”景德镇工作了 14年之后，王说他曾经在这里看到过世界上最大的陶 瓷，但从未见过最小的，所以有一天他决定尝试不同的东西制作微瓷器）”可知，王文华做微 瓷器是因为他决定做一些不同的东西。故选C。2.推理判断题。根据第四段However, Wang did not give up and after about half a year of

39、 experimentation, Wang finally made miniature tools on his own and was able to complete his first miniature porcelain一a vase.（然而,王并没有放弃，经过大约半年的实 验，他终于自己制作了微型工具，并完成了他的第一个微型瓷器一花瓶）”以及第五段中”2 would probably miss my original intention if I made micro pottery using a microscope, so I have focused more atte

40、ntion on making the smaller pieces more beautiful and complex/ said Wang.（如果我用显微镜制作 微陶器，可能会错过我的初衷，所以我把更多的注意力放在让小陶器更漂亮、更复杂上，“王说）” 可推知，王文华有决心和专注。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据第五段中According to Wang, the key to making a miniature ceramic work is concentration and a pair of steady hands,（据王说，制作微型陶 瓷作品的关键是专注和一双稳定的手）”可知，在

41、制作微型陶瓷作品的过程中，专注一件事情和手 稳起着重要的作用。故选D。4.推理判断题。根据第一段中As the founder of a miniature ceramics studio, Wang Wenhua never expected that his work would surprise viewers in China let alone those abroad, and that his short videos would earn over 45 million views and 4.2 million likes on Douyin, the Chinese ver

42、sion of Tik Tok.（作为一家微型陶瓷工作室的创始人，王文华从未想到自己的作品会让国内观众 感到惊讶，更不用说国外了。他的短视频在中国版抖音上获得了 4500万点击量和420万点赞）”结 合文章主要介绍了微型陶瓷工作室的创始人王文华开始制作微瓷器的原因以及经过。可推知，这 篇文章可能出现在报纸的“生活”版面。故选A。8 .答案：1-3 BDC解析：1 .细节理解题。根据 Parasite-Stage play 部分中 “The stage play is adapted from the Oscar- winning South Korean film directed by Bo

43、ng Joon-ho.（舞台剧改编自奉俊吴导演的奥斯卡获奖韩国电 影）”可知，你能在上海保利剧院看一部新改编的舞台剧。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据Stand-up comedy open mic 部分中 “The comedy session is going to be English only.so join the show if you want to take the chance to learn English while having a fun time.（喜剧部分只会讲英语，如果你想在快乐的 时光中学习英语，就来参加吧）”可知，让单口喜剧脱颖而出的是它把娱乐和获取知识结合在

44、一 起。故选 D。3.细节理解题。根据 Marilyn Minter Exhibition-Art exhibition 部分中 “When: December 4 to January 23（时间：12月4日至1月23日）”可知，如果你在新年假期有空，你可以选 择 Marilyn Minter Exhibition-Art exhibitiono 故选 Co9 .答案：LD;2.B;3.C;4.D解析：1 .细节理解题。根据第二段Researchers led by Charles Marshall used a method employed by ecologists studying

45、contemporary creatures to estimate the population of T. rex during the late Cretaceous period.”可知,研究者们借用生态学家研究现代生物的方法来估计霸王龙的数量。故选Do2 .写作手法题。根据第三段中的”20000三”3800“、”127000”和25 billion”可知，作者通过列举数字 的方法来介绍本段的内容。故选B。3 .细节理解题。根据第四段中的that many species that were less widespread than T. rex were probably never

46、 preserved”可知，比霸王龙分布范围小的物种可能从来没有生成化石而被保存下来。故选C。4 .标题概括题。通读全文尤其是第一段最后一句The figure has allowed researchers to estimate（估计） just how rare it is for animals to fossilize（石化）.”和最后一段第一句中的it would be good *to see someone ground-truth these kinds of estimates against living species to get a better sense of

47、accuracy可 知，文章主要介绍了科学家们通过推算霸王龙的数量证实了其化石非常罕见。因此A项为木文的最 佳标题。故选D。10.答案：l.C;2.B;3.B;4.A解析：1.考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段的If we make it, Louise and 1 will get on a plane to Vancouver and compete in one of the BMO Vancouver Marathon weekend but for sure well have cake for my seventy-ffth bithday at the finish line”可

48、知,作者正在进行横穿加拿大距离的长跑活动，如果完成 的话，她将和朋友-起去温哥华参加一项马拉松比赛以庆祝自己75岁的生日，故选Co2 .考查理解词汇的能力。从画线词所在的语境看，该词的含义应与前面的 looking forward to”相反， 再结合上文的1 used to hate birthdays,especially those milestone ones. No longer feeling young is horrible”可知，此处表示“盼望某件事（生日的来临），而不是害怕它”，由此可推断画线词含义与B项接 近。dread”畏惧，惧怕，担心”.考查推理判断的能力.根据第三段

49、的I got it into my head that I should do an Olympic distance triathlon（铁人三项赛），which turned to be a real milestone Since then, Ive looked on the special days as a call for trying something different”可知,作者在60岁生日的时候参加了一项奥运铁人三项赛，这最终 成为一个真正的里程碑，因为在比赛之后作者受到启发，开始把生日看作尝试做不同事情的召唤，由此 推断选B,作者在这次比赛之后改变了对生日的态度。3 .考查理解具体信息的能力。根据最后一段的So do spend every day of every year with a definite end in view, which will release your energy and make you happy”可知，作者建议要带着明确的目标度过