2020版高中英语新课标新增334个词汇强化训练11.docx

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1、2020版高中英语新课标新增334个词汇强化训练11Cooperate, core, corporate9 costume, council? county【核心提示】cooperate vi合作；协作；配合core n C果核；核心；最重要的部分adj基础的；核心的corporate adj公司的；团体的costume n C & U（某地或某历史时期的）服装|；戏装council n C委员会；理事会；（英国的）地方议会county nC（英国的）郡；（美国的）县一、单项选择1 . Ifs helpful to put students in a situation they can le

2、arn how to cooperate with each other.A. thatB.whenC.whichD.where2 .competence in acquiring English today comes from the ability to express oneself rather than in simply passing exams.A.DueB.RawC.CoreD.Keen3 . Our capacity forinnovation is not strong, and ourweakness core technologies for key fields

3、remains a vitalproblem.A. in response toB.in line withC.in face ofD.in terms of4 .During the long summer holidays, it is a for American children to spend several weeks at summercamps.A. costumeB.customC.customerD.feast5 .the costume and in the wing, the comedian moved his lips as if repeating the li

4、nes.A. Dressed in, waitingB.Dressingin, waitingC.Putting on, waitD.Having on, be waiting6 .After the UN Security Council imposed most serious sanctions on Pyongyang,is needed now is for all填 onto21 .考查虚拟语气。表示命令、要求、建议的词order, command, request, require, demand, suggest等后面的宾 语从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，shoul

5、d可省略，故填(should)cooperate。22 .考查固定搭配。rather than而不是，故填rather。23 .考查词性转换。in order to为了，后跟动词原形,succeed成功，是动词,故填succeedo24 .考查固定句型。so.that如此以至于.，信息和知识传播得很快，以至于没有人能够掌握所有的知识 和信息,故填thato25 .考查固定搭配。by通过，是介词，后跟动名词，by being flexible通过变得灵活，故填being。26 .考查介词。_cooperation, we will develop stronger relationships通过

6、合作，我们将会建立起更加牢固的人 际关系，故填Through/By。27 .考查非限制性定语从句。_are the source of happiness and satisfaction in life这些人际关系是我们的幸福感 和满足感的来源，which指代relationships,故填whicho考点：考查词性转换；固定搭配；固定短语；结果状语从句；非限制性定语从句2【答案】28.decorated2 9. attracting30.has welcomed/has been welcoming31.but32.Obviously33.costumes34.greater3 5. wh

7、ere3 6. acceptance37.in【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要说明了中国越来越多的人开始穿传统的“汉服”，这些具有历史意义的汉族服饰正 在 复兴，部分原因是政府正在推广传统文化，以增强爱国主义和民族认同感，同时说明了汉服的服装特点，以不 同的人为例来说明汉服的意义和影响。28 .考查非谓语动词。decoraled此处做后置定语，修饰robe,意为：身穿一件以花卉刺绣装饰的古代飘逸长袍，decorate和robe之间是被动关系，用过去分词。故填decoratedo29 .考查非谓语动词。attracting这里用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。故填attracting。30 .考查时

8、态。has welcomed/has been welcoming此处是对谓语动词的考查，从duringthelase decades这个时 间状语，可知为现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填has welcomed/has been welcomingo31 .考查连词。句意：在过去的几十年，中国人接受了西方的时尚和先进的未来技术，但是越来越多像肖航 这样的年轻人在穿着打扮上追求复古，穿起了汉服。所以前后句意是转折关系，故填but。32 .考查副词。此处副词obviously修饰整个句子，用副词。故用Obviously。33 .考查名词。根据these可以推出此处主语应为复数，costume应使

9、用复数形式。故填costumes034 .考查形容词比较级。根据后面的higher demand可以看出这里存在一个比较关系，因此用比较级，故填 greatero35 .考查定语从句关系词。句意：肖航现在经营汉服生意，主要为汉服摄影顾客提供服装搭配服务，有时还 会策划汉服形式婚礼。该句先行词是抽象的地点名词business,在定语从句中作地点状语。故填whereo36 .考查名词。该句中wide是形容词，后面修饰名词，故填acceptance037 .考查固定搭配。此处in public,表示“公开地，在公共场合”，为固定搭配。故填in。parties to show wisdom and p

10、atience.B.whatA.whichC.thatD.who38 the path of a county is the right one is a matter to be decided by its people.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.Why39 一When did the couple die?It was on May the earthquake hit Wenchuan County.A. thatB. whichC.whenD.what40 It is reported that the scientists in our county are a

11、ll possible ways to control H1N1 flu.A.operating B. designing C. replacingD. exploring二、阅读理解1Everwondered whether punishment actually makes people cooperate （合作）？ A team of scientists created an experiment to figure it out and the results were pretty unexpected.To understand what they found, you hav

12、e to know why these scientists were studying punishment. They were trying to figure out why people cooperate when its often so easy to profit at others expense. Why dont friends steal from each other? Why do parents bother to feed their children? If the answer to these questions is obvious to you, c

13、ongratulations, you are ahead of scientists. Theyre still trying to figure it_put.In this experiment, researchers had 225 Chinese studentsplay agamehereifthestudentscooperatedhey all get a number of points. But if one defected （变节）and everyone else cooperated, the defector would get a lot of points,

14、 and the cooperators would lose out. This game represents a lot of real life situations where you struggle with a decision: work together and do OK, or run off with the rewards, ruining everybody elses day.This is actually a pretty ordinary economic experiment. But the researchers added two changes

15、to see if they could mimic（模拟the real world better. Change one: some students played many rounds together, so theyd learn who they could trust. Change two: people could punish each other, sacrificing a point or two to destroy another players score.In the end, the researchers found that playing multi

16、ple rounds made people cooperate more, which definitely mimics human society. But the whole punishment thing led to a surprise: punishing didnt actually make people cooperate more. In fact, it made them cooperate less.So t he scientists still dont know why people cooperate, though it looks like it h

17、as more to do with groupssticking together than it does with punishment.41 . What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Why friends dont steal from each other.B.Why researchers are studying punishment.C.Why people always profit at others expense.D.Why people cooperate rather than ta

18、ke advantage of others.1 l.What happened to a defector in the experiment?A. He lost out.B.He benefited more.C.He got punished.D.He became the leader.12 .What conclusion is drawn from the experiment?A.Punishing helps people realize their mistakes.B.Cooperating is a win-win policy to all.C.Punishment

19、wont work as expected.D.People who choose to cooperate are selfless.13 . What might be the best title for the text?A. Does punishing people actually work?B.Why is punishment applied to cooperation?C.How can punishment contribute to cooperation?D.What is the best way to make punishment effective?2The

20、 Occupy Wall Street protest movement has raised serious questions about the role of capitalist institutions, particularly corporations in American society. Well before the first protester set foot in Zucotti Park, a heckler(扰乱 分子)urged Mitt Romney to tax corporations rather than peo pie. Romneys res

21、ponse Corporations are people” stirred a brief but intense controversy. Now thousands of demonstrators have in effect joined the heckler, denouncing(抨击)corporations as “enemies of the people.”F ar more important than questions about what corporations are is the question of what attitude we should ha

22、ve toward them. Should we, as corporate public relations statements often suggest, think of them as friends (if we buy and are satisfied with their products) or as family (if we work for them)? Does it make sense to be loyal to a corporation as either a customer or as an employee ? More generally, e

23、ven granted that corporations are not fully persons in the way that individuals are, do they have some important moral standing in our society?My answer to all these questions is no, because corporations have no core dedication to fundamental human values. Such corporations existas instruments ofpro

24、fitfortheir shareholders. Infact, left to themselves, they can be serious threats to human values that conflict with the goal of corporate profit. Corporations are a particular threat to truth, a value essential in a democracy, which places a premium on the informed decisions ofindividual citizens.

25、The corporate threat is most apparent in advertising, which explicitly aims at convincing us to prefer a product regardless of its actual merit. Their defining goal is to generate profit. There are cases when telling the truth is the best means to advance corporate profits. In 1982, when seven peopl

26、e in Chicago died from poisoned Tylenol, Johnson & Johnson appealed to its credo, which makes concern for its customers primary corporate goal, and told the entire truth about what had happened. This honesty turned a potential public-relations disaster into a triumph. But Johnson & Johnsons impressi

27、ve corporate credo ends by saying, “Our final responsibility is to our stockholders and must make solid profit. The credo is unclear about what happens when there is a conflict between responsible action and long-term profit.None of this means that corporations are evil or that socialism should repl

28、ace the free-enterprise system. As Michel Foucault said of all power structures, its not that corporations are bad but that they are dangerous. The self-serving corporate speech that fills our media and halls of government is particularly dangerous for our democracy. At least for this reason, the Oc

29、cupy Wall Street protesters are right to distrust corporations. 14. Mitt Romney most probably believes that. A.individuals should pay more taxes than corporations B.corporations should not be forced to pay more taxes C.people should care more about corporations development D .corporations should enj

30、oy all the legal rights as people do15. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, it can be inferred that corporations.A. should be set as moral examples of the societyB.take employees, faithfulness as part of their goals C.contribute little to the most essential human values D .are actually means by which p

31、eople share profits 16. The 1982 event is cited in Paragraph 3 to illustrate that A.colorations always make profits at the expense of peoples health B .customers should always keep an eye on the quality of any product C.corporations take economic profit as their priority essentiallyD.corporation pro

32、fit is always in contradiction with customer interests 17. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.Corporations, People and TruthB.Corporations Are Different from PeopleC.Corporations Are UntrustworthyD.The Occupy Wall Street Protest三、语法填空1Today, many people think1 8. (compete) is th

33、e key to success. They pursue their own 19. (person) goals with no regard for the people around them. I believe such thinking is2Lof date. Contemporary society demands that we2-L(cooperate) with others. Real success will come when we grow together,22Jhan hold each other down. In order to23.(success)

34、, we must cooperate to solve problems.Today, information and knowledge are growing so rapidly24.no individual can master everything. We need each other to fill in the gaps in our knowledge and understanding. By25.(be) flexible, supportive and willing to compromise, we will have more success in our l

35、ives and careers.26.cooperation, we will develop stronger relationships.27. are the source ofhappiness and satisfaction in life, and achieve more.2阅读下而材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Dressed in n flowing long robe 28, ( decorate) with floral embroidery (花卉刺绣)from a past era, stylist Xiao Hang looks

36、like she surfaced from a time machine. She walks across the noisy Beijing subway, 29.( attract) curious glances and questions.China池(welcome) western fashion and futuristic technology during the last decades, a growing number of young people like Xiao are looking to the past for their dressing choic

37、es.(obvious) , they prefer to put ontraditional “hanfu，or “Han clothingv .These historic 翁(costume) of the Han ethnic majority are enjoying a renaissance because the government is promoting traditional culture. Period dramas have also contributed to a 31-. (great) interest in traditional Chinese clo

38、thing and a higher demand for it.Xiao, who used to work at a state-owned machine manufacturing company, now runs her own hanfu business, she dresses customers for photo shoots and even plans hanfu-style weddings. However, there is some way before the style reaches wide (accept) in China. Many people

39、 say their hesitation is due to the odd looksthey get when wearing hanfu 37. public.答案与解析一、l.D【解析】试题分析：句意：将学生置于可以让他们学会怎么彼此合作的形势下是很有帮助的。这里使用了定语从句， 先行词是situation,定语从句中不缺主宾表，缺少的是地点状语，用where引导定语从句，所以选D。 考点：考查定语从句2 .C【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当今，英语学习的核心能力来自于表达自己的能力，而不是简单的通过考试的能 力。A.due到期的，预期的；B.raw生的，无经验的；C.cor

40、e最重要的，主要的，基本的；D.keen渴望的； 强烈的。故选Co3 .D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们的创新能力并不强，我们在关键领域的核心科技的弱点依然是个重要的问 题。in response to响应,回答;inline with与一致，相符;in face of.面对；in terms of在方面。指在 某方面的弱点，故选Do4 .D【解析】试题分析：考查名词。A. costume服装；B. custom风俗习惯；C.customer顾客；D.feast节日，宴会。长 署假期间，这是美国孩子在夏令营度过的几周中的一次宴会。故选D。考点：考查名词5 .A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语

41、动词。动词dress与句子主语the comedian构成被动关系，所以其过去分词的形式， dressed已经转换成形容词。动词waiting与the comedian构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词充当状语。句意：穿着戏服在后台等待，这个戏剧演员动嘴唇好像在重复台词。故A正确。考点：考查非谓语动词6.B【解析】考查名词从句的连接词。句意：联合国安理会对平壤实施了最严厉的制裁之后，现在需要的是各方拿出智慧和耐心。分析句子可知 _ is needed now是名词从句，名词从句中缺少主语，指物作主语，要用what, 名词从句中如果不缺少成分要用that,缺少人，在用who,而what与which的

42、区别在于what没有范围而 which有范围，分析本句中可知没有范围，故选B7 .C【详解】考查主语从句。句意：一个县城的道路是否是正确的路，由它的人民决定。分析句子可知，the path of a county is the right one”是名词性从句中的主语从句，不缺成分，但缺少意思“是否，whether/if（是否）符合 句意，因为引导主语从句只能用whether,故选C。8 .A【解析】本题考查强调句。强调句结构：it is/wasthat,强调时间状语on May 12,故选A。9 .D【解析】词义辨析。A.操作B.设计；计划 C.代替D.探索；句意：据报道我国的科学家正在探索

43、所有可能的方 法来控制H1N1流感病毒。结合语境可知选D。二、1【答案】10.D11.B12 .C13 .A【分析】本文是一篇议论文。惩罚别人真的有用吗？文章通过实验表明，惩罚不会像预期的那样起作用。10 .词义指代题。根据第二段第二句They were trying to figure out why people cooperate when its often so easy to7profitatothers expense.他们试图弄明白为什么当人们很容易以别人的利益为代价时而是选择合作。可知， 第二段最后一句中的it指的就是“为什么人们合作而不是利用别人”，故D项正确。11 .细节

44、理解题。根据第三段中 But if one defected （7?） and everyone else cooperated, the defector would get a lot of points, and the cooperators would lose out.可知，在这个试验中背叛者获得利益更多。故B项正确。12. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中But the whole punishment thing led to a surprise: punishing didnt actually make people cooperate more. In fact, it m

45、ade them cooperate less.可知,实验表明惩罚不会像预期的那样起作 用。故C项正确。13.主旨大意题。根据第一段 Ever wondered whether punishment actually makes people cooperate 伶作）？ A team of scientists created an experiment to figure it out and the results were pretty unexpected.可知本文讲述的是“惩罚 别人真的有用吗？故A项正确。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句

46、，就通过关键词句 来概括（如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形 容词）。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。该文是介绍一 个研究结果的，该类文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此，考生直接抓住第一段中的Ever wondered whether punishment actually makes people cooperate（合作）? A team ofscientists created an experiment to figure it out and the results were pretty un

47、expected .即可找到文章 中心。2【答案】14.B15 .C16 .C17 .A【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由“占领华尔街”运动入手，介绍了企业、个人和真理（价值观）之间的关系企业和 人不一样，它没有对人类基本价值观的核心贡献，只是作为股东的利润工具而存在，它们甚至会对人类价 值观构成威胁。14 .推理判断题。根据第一段中的“a heckler（扰乱分子）urged Mitt Romney to tax corporations rather than people. Romney飞 response Corporations are people stirred a brief but

48、 intense controversy. 可矢口， 名扰舌L分子敦促 米特罗姆尼对公司征税，而不是对人征税，罗姆尼的回答是“公司也是人”，言外之意，公司和人一样，也 不应该对公司征税，由此可知，米特罗姆尼很可能认为企业不应被迫缴纳更多税款，故B项正确。815 .推理判断题。根据第二、三段内容，特别是第三段中的“My answer to all these questions is no, because corporations have no core dedication to fundamental human values. 可知，我对所有这些问题的答案都是否定 的，因为企业没有对人类基本价值观的核心贡献，由此可知，企业对人类最基本的价值观贡献甚少，故C 项正确。16 .推理判断题。根据第三段中的“fining goal is to generate profit丁可知，企业的明确目标就是创造利润，而引 用了 1982年的事件就是为了证明这一点，即：公司在本质上以经济利益为优