2023年北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试.pdf

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1、北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试0 5.07Part I Readi n g C o m p r ehensi o n（30%）Dire cti on s：There a re three pas s ages i n t h is pa rt.Eac h pas s a g e is f o l1 owed by s o m e que st ions or unfin i shedstatem ent s.F o r each o f them th ere a re fo ur c hoi c es marked A,B,C an d D.Y o u s h oul ddecide

2、on the be st choi ce a nd bl a c ken th e corres p on d in g lette r o n th e An swe r Sheet.Passa g e lQ u e s tio n s lto 5 a re b as e d on t h e fo 1 1 owing p a s s a g e：S pending 50 minut e s wi t h a c e ll phon e close to yo u r ear i s e n o ug h t o chan g e bra i n cell ac t i v i t y i

3、n t h e p a r t of th e br a i n c 1 oses t t othe ant e n n a（天线）.But w h e th e r that c a u s es any harm i s not clear,scientist s atthe Natio n al I n sti t u t e of H e alth sa i d a t a conference last mo n t h,ad d i n gth a t the s t u dy wil 1 n ot lik e ly se t t le conce r ns of a 1 i n

4、k between cellphones an d br a i n ca n cer.MW h at we showed is g 1 u cos e（葡萄糖）metabol i sm（代谢）（a sign of b r a i n a c t ivity）incr e ases i n the b rain in pe o pie w ho wereex p o s ed to a c ell p h o ne i n the area c losest t o the a ntenn a,H s a i dDr.Nora V o 1 k ow o f the NIH,whose s tu

5、d y wa s p ublishe d in th e J oumal o ft he Am e rican M e die a 1 Asso c iation.（7 6）T he study w as m e a n tto ex ami ne h o w ihe b r ain r e acts to e 1 e cl r omagnet i c f ields c a u se d by w ir eles s phone si g n a Is.Vol k o w s a id she was surp r i sed that t h e wea k electr o magn e

6、 ti c ra diation（电磁辐射）f r om ce 1 1 p h on e s c o uld af f ect bra i n a c tivity,but s h e s a id the findi n gs d o not s hed any lig h t on whe t h e r cell phones cau s e C ance r.Th is st u dy d oes not in an y w a y in d ica t e that.Wha t the s tu d y doe s isto s how the h u man brain i s s

7、en s itive t o el e c t r omagne t ic r a di a t ion f rom c e 1 1 phon e exposures.Use o f t he d e vices h as increa s ed dramatic a 1 ly si nc e the y wer e intro d u ced in t h e e a r 1 y 1980s,wit h abou t 5 bi 1 1 i o n c e 1 1phones now i n use worldw i d e.S om e studies have lin k e d cell

8、 p ho n e expo s u r e to a n i n c reased ris k of bra i n canc e r s,but a 1 ar g e st u dy by t he W o r 1 d He a It h Or g aniz a ti o n did not of f er a clea r a nswe r t o this.Volkows team stu d i e d 47 people who h ad th e i r br a in e xam i ned while a cell ph o n e w a s t u r ned on fo

9、r 50 minutesand another whil e t he ph o n e w a s tur n e d o ff.W hile t h e r e was n ocompl e t e chan g e in br a in meta b olism,th e y fb u nd a 7 p e rc e nt i n creasei n b r a i n me tab olism in the region cl o se s t to t he cell p hone a n tenna w hen th e phone was on.(7 7)Exp erts sa

10、i d the r e s u 1 ts were inte e estin g,but ur g ed that the yb e und e rs io o d w i th great care.A 1 though t h e bio 1 og i c a 1 significance,if an y,o f incre a se d glucose metabolism fr o m to o m u c h c e 1 1 phone ex p o s ure i s unk n own,t h e r e sul t s r e qu i re fu r ther invest

11、i g a t ion,“H e n ry Lai of the Un i v e rsi t y of Wash i n g ton in the U.S.an d Dr.L e nn a r t Hard e 1 1of U n iv ersi t y H o spita 1 i n S weden,wr o te i n a n ar t icl e i n JAMA.“Much h a s t o be do n e to fu r the r i n v esti g a te and u nde r stand t h eseef f ec t s,w t h ey wro t e

12、.1.Ac c or d ing t o th e pass a g e,wh i ch of t he fo 1 1 o wing is TRUE?A.Cell phone us e is dang e rous.B.Ce 1 1 p h one u s e c a u s e s cance r.C.T he human bra i n i s an e 1 e ctromagn e tic f i eld.D.The r e are a b ou t 5 bill i on cell p h one u s e r s in the world r i ghtnow.2.Doctor V

13、 oik o w w a s as t on i shed becau se.A.he r research h a s sh ed light on h er unde r s t an d in g of cel I ph o neB.s h e found th a t c e 1 1 ph o ne exposure is hann f ul t o h u man b r ainC.she f o u nd that usin g a c e ll p hone f o r ab o ut 50 m i nut e s c ou 1 di n f 1 ue n ce o r c ha

14、nge bra i n a c t i vi t yD.human b ra i n is not r esponsive t o electroma g n e tic radia t ion3.Accor d ing to t he pas s age,c ell phon e s w e r e l aunched.A.i n t h e late 1 9 70s B.b e tween 19 8 0 an d 198 5C.in th e la t e 198 0 s D.i n the e a rl y 1 990s4.W h at do e s th e w o r d that

15、s tand f or in th e s e cond p a r agra p h?A.B r a i n a c ti v i t y.B.H e r r e search f indi n gs.C.Th e fact t hat c e 1 1 Ph one us e may c au s e c ancer.D.Her rese a rc h p ro g ress.5.Whic h of th e f o 1 1 o w i ng is a n app r o p r i ate t i t 1 e for t h i s passa g e?A.Ce 1 1 Phone Rad

16、 i atio n:I s It Harmful?B.Cell Ph o n e Radia t ion：Is It Use f u 1?C.C e 1 1 Ph o ne Ra d i a t ion:Is It Heal th y?D.C ell P h o ne R a di a ti o n:1 s It We a k?Pass a g e 2Questions 6 t o 1 0 ar e based on t h e f o How i ng pas s age:Human being s have alwa y s had an a bilit y to a 11 e nd to

17、 sever a 1 things a t once.(78)Nor i s el e ctronic multit a skin g entire 1 y new:W e v e bee n dr i v in gwhile 1 i st e nin g to car radi o s s i nee th e y be c a me popular in the 19 3 Os.But t here is n o d o u b t t hat m u 1 tit a s ki n g has reached a kind o f warp sp eed i n t h e e r a o

18、 f Webe n abl e d c omp u ters,w hen i t h a s becom e routine t o co n d u c t seve r a 1 IM（即时通讯）convers a ti o n s,watch TV and use t he com put e r a 1 1 at o n c e.But wh a t s.t he impact o f this.m e dia consumption?And h ow a rethese multitas k ing devi c e s c h an g ing how k i ds 1 earn,r

19、 e a s on a n d comm u n i ca te w ith one ano t her?S o cial scient i sts and educators a r e ju s t b e g i n n i ngto de a 1 wi t h t h ese ques t ions,b u t the re s ear c he r s a 1 r eady h a ve s o me s trong o p inions.（7 9）A Ithough mult i tasking k ids m a y b e b e t t er pr e pa r ed in

20、s o m eways for toda ys fast-paced workp 1 a ce,m a ny scien t ists ar e posit i v ely a 1 armed b ythe trend.K i ds th a t are in s ta n t messagi n g w hi 1 e do i ng h o m ework,p la y i ng ga me s o nl i ne and w atchin g TV,ar e n t go i ng to d o w e 1 1 in the lo n g mn.On t h e p osi t ive s

21、 i d e,multitasking student s tend to b e e x tr a or d i n a rily go od at findin g and u sing inf o rmati o n.And probably b ecause modem c h i Idho o dcenter s ar o und v i sual（视觉的）r a t h er than prin t med i a,th e y a r e es p eci a llys k illed a t an a 1 yzing visua 1 d a ta a n d ima g es.

22、Many educat o r s and psy c ho 1 ogists s a y p a r e nts n e ed t o a ctively e n sure that t heir t e e n a ger s b r e a k free o f u ncontr o liable e ngagem e n t with screens and spend time in t h e ph y s i ca 1 com p a ny of human bei n g s-a g ro win g ch a 1 len g e not j u st bee a u s e

23、te c h n o logy of f er s su c h a h andy opt i on but b e c a u s e s o man y kids l e a d hi g h ly s c h eduled 1 i v e s t h a t leav e litt 1 e t i me for o Id-fa s h i oned s ocia 1 i z i ng a n d f a mily meals.Indeed,many te e n a gers and c o 1 1 ege s t ud e nts say over c o mmitted（任务过重的）

24、sche d u 1 e s drive rnuc h o f their mul t itask i ng.Jus t as import a nt is for p ar e n t s and educator s to t ea c h k id s t hat i tsv aluab I e,e ven e s sential,to oc c a sion a 1 1 y slow down,unp 1 u g an d taketime to e n j o y life beyo n d the s ere e n.6.Wha t is the ma i n i d ea o f

25、 this passage?A.How is m u 1 t itask i n g d e f i ned（定义）in t h e inform a tion age?B.How do pe o pl e se e new t e ch nology an d th e soci a 1 c hang e s itb rings abo u t?C How does tech n olog y chan g e modem fami 1 y 1 ife?D.Wha t*s th e i m p a c t of m u Iti t as k in g on you n g p eople?7

26、.The e x p r e ssio n wa r p spe e d in th e f i r s t par a gra p h i s closesti n me a ning t o.A.low spe e dB.av e rage s p ee dC.h igh s peedD.stead y s peed8.Ac c or d ing to s o m e te e nag e rs an d col 1 ege st u dents,wha t c au s e s their multit a sking?A.Overcommitt e d schedule s.B.Too

27、 m u c h t ime a 1 o n e.C.Ina b ili t y to f o cus.D.Fe a r o f b e in g neglec t ed.9.Acc o rding to t he pass a g e,which of t h e f oil o wing sta t ements is T RU E?A.Humans ha v e b eg u n to eng a ge in m u Itit a sking behavi o r s s i nc e th e i n fb r matio n a g e.B.Mu 1 titask i ng is a

28、 cri t ic a 1 s kill t h at s tuden t s a re r e quir e d t o1 earn a t sch o ol.C.Only par e nts c a n help th e i r kids to get r i d o f the multi t ask i ng h a b itsD.Multitasking may prep a re student s for t he r e ality of todays fa s t paced wor k e n v iron me n t.10.W h at d o e d ucators

29、 an d psy c hoi o g i st s ad v ise p a r ents t o do abou t th e ir multi t a sk i ng k i ds?A.To cu t off home i ntemet c o n n ection.B.T o se e k medical t r eatm e n t.C.To enc o u r a g e their k i d s to h a v e some s o cial li f e.D.To help their k i ds to set per s o nal goals.Pas s age 3Q

30、u e stions 11 to 15 a r e b a sed o n t h e fol l o w i n g pas s a ge:The n u c lear powe r eme r gene y a t a J ap a nese atomic pow e r p l a n tlast March c ould le a d t o a major re-exam in a t i on i n E u ropean cou n tri e s t h ata re a 1 r e ady buildin g such p 1 an t s or are c o n s i

31、d ering a s h ift f rom f oss i 1 （化石）f uels t o nu c 1 ear e n er g y to fight climate c ha n g e.With t h e terrib le ac c ident 25 ye a rs ago in C h emo b yl（切尔偌贝利）b e ginning t o f a de i n Eur o pean memorie s,gov e r n me n ts across Europe ha v e g r own m o re open to u sin g m o r e nuclea

32、 r p owe r.En t hu s iasm for n u c 1 e a r po w e r is p art i cu1 arl y s t r ong i n E a ste r n E ur o p e,which w ants to mo v e away fr o m d e pende n ce o n R u ssian oil an d natural gas,and o n he a vil y p o Hut i ng c o al-fi red power pl a nts.Eastern g ov e r n meats h ave begu n impr

33、o vi n g exi s ting n u clear pl a nts or are bu i 1 d ing o r p 1 a nni ng new o ne s.B u t a s Jap a n s t r ug gle d t o deal w i th he r nuc 1 ear crisi s,discus s i o n about t h e good an d t hebad o f n u c 1 ear p ower became hea t ed.（80）In Germany,n u clea r power h a r been a repeatedly a

34、rgued an d w i dely felt issue for decade s.U p to 7 0 p e rcen t of Ge r mans o pp o s e nuclear power.Recent 1 y,abou t 4 0,0 0 0 p eo p 1 e tume d out to form a hum a n c ha i nne a r a n u c 1 e a r p 1 ant to prote s t g o vernment p olicie s on n uc 1 e a rpower.The a cci d en t i n J apan cou

35、ld le a d t o a m a jor re t hink i n Eu r ope J s ai d Henr i k P a ulitz of th e Int e r nati o nal Do c tors for t he Pre v ent i o n ofN u c 1 ear War.nGo v emment s have not been q u ite open a b out th e safety levels oft he nuclea r power p l a n t s.,Cha n cellor（总理）Ang e la Merke 1 heads a

36、ce n t e r r i ght u n i t y g o v e rnment t h at su p ports t h e u se o f nuc 1 ea r power.Her government r ecent 1 yma d e a d i sp u t ed d ecision t o e xtend th e lif e o f t he c o u ntry*s 17 nucl e a r p ower p 1 ants b y a n a ve r age of 1 2 yea r s.S he will now f acemor e p r es s ur e

37、 to cha n g e that po 1 ic y.She C a 1 1 ed an e m e r gency mee t ingwit h h e r s enior minis t ers,“We know h ow s af e o ur p la n t s a re a n d that we do not f ace a threa t fr o m su c h a seri o us e a rthquake or violent tidal wa v e,”M r s.Merkel s a id after th e meeting.We w i l l 1 ear

38、n what we can from the ev e nts i n Japan.”1 1.Ac c ord i n g to t h e p a s s a ge,w h i ch o f the fo 1 1 o w in g a b out E u rope i s TRUE?A.It i s dep e nde n t on Ru s si a for ga s an d o i LB.I t has p ut an en d to fossil fu e Is.C.It had a m a jor nuc 1 e a r a ccide n tt h i s year.D.It i

39、 s like 1 y that th e y would re t h in k t h ei r n uclea r powe r policies.12.Ac c or d in g to t h e p a ssage,all t h e fol 1 owi n g s t atem e nt s about Ea stern E uro p e ar e tr u e E XCEPTA.t hey are ea g er t o b uild new nuclear p o wer pl a ntsB.they h ave tot a lly forgotten the Ch e r

40、nobyl acciden t 25 yea r s agoC.they have imp r ov e d t heir n ucl e ar powe r p 1 a ntsD.the y wan t energ y i n d e p enden c e1 3.I n the sec o nd para g raph,the a u tho r mainly discussesA.th e n u c 1 ear acc i dent in Jap a n 1 ast M a rc hB.n ucle a r p o wer polici e s in Germ a nyC.G e rm

41、a n at t itude t o w a rds n ucl e a r po w e rD.t h e sa f ety leve 1 s o fnucle a r p ower p 1 a nts in G e r many14.T h e wordt h e third pa r ag r ap h canb e b e st rep la c e d b yA.Ie a dsB.to ps C.mi n d sD.a r ms15.W h i ch o ft he fb 1 lowingi s an ap p r opr i ate tit 1 efor t h is pas s

42、ag e?A.lapans Nuclear Cr i sis Cau s e s F e a r in E u r o pe.B.The Cher n o by 1 Dis a ster Helps E u ro p e Bett e r Un d e r s t andNu c lear Po w er Ener g y.C.German Govemment Sup p or t s N u clear Powe r Energy.D.Germ a ny Has Learn t a Le s son From Japan.Part II V o ca b u lary and S t rue

43、 t ur e(30%)Directions：In thi s part th e re are 30 i ncom p letes entences.For each s e n tenee there are fo u r c h oices mar ked A,B,Cand D.Ch oose the ONE answer th a t b est com p letes t he senten c e.T h enh 1 acken the Co rres p ond“hea d s”inJ ng lette r on the An s w r Sh eet.16.By no mean

44、sto her par e n t s.1A.th i s i s th e f irs t t i me h ass h eiedB.t h is is thefi r s ttime does s h e te 1 1 a lieC.is th i s th e f i rst time sh eh a s lie dD.ist hi s t he f irst time s hwas1 y i ng17.Y ou hav ef ai 1 e d two tests.Yo ud b e tt e rstart working hard e r,_y o u wont p a ss th e

45、cours e.A.andB.b u tC.o rD.s o18.His c h ild r e n a r e w e II-b e h a v e d,t hose of his sis t ers are v e ry naugh t y.A.an d B.so C.th u s D.whi 1 e19.H ow c a n y o u keep f i t y ou smo k e so m u ch e very d ay?A.b ut B.howe v er C.if D.o t h erwise20.T he news has s p r ead a 1 1 over t h e

46、 c o u ntry_ the spac e sh i p su c ceed e d i n retur n i ng to t h e e a rt h.A.wha t B.th a t C.whi c h D.wh e the r2 1.I d idnt k n o w y our mob i le phone n umber;o t h e r w ise I y ou t h emom e n 11 g o t to Washi n g t on.A.h a d rung B.wou 1 d ring C.h ave r u n g D.wo u Id h a v e r u ng

47、22.As t h e y are r e t ired,M r.an d Mrs.S cott prefer a hous e i n th e c ount ry to th e i r r e m a in i n g years there.A.spe n d B.s pend i ng C.s pent D.sp e nd s2 3.b y hi s g ran d parents,Jimm y w a sn*t u s e d t o livin g w i t h h i s par en t s.A.To b r ing u p B.To b e b r oug h t u p

48、C.Br o ugh t up D.Being bro u ght u p24.P lease rem a in u n t il th e p la n e h as come to a c o mple t e s t op.A.to sea t B.to be sea t edC.seat i n g D.seated2 5,Wh i le wat c h ing t e 1 evision,A.th e d o o rb e ll rang B.th e d o or b ell rin g sC.we hear d t h e d o orbell ring D.we heard t

49、he doorbel 1 rings26.,the pay i s n t a t tractive enough,tho u gh t h e jo b i t s e l f i s q u i tein t e resting.A.G e nerally speakin gB.On th e c o n t raryC.In parti c u 1 arD.To b e ho n e s t27.T h e rob b er had esca ped an d was nowh e reb e f o und w hen the po lice_A.a r r ive dC.a r ri

50、ve28.P r o fe s s or Wilson k e e p st o t h e w e l l -educated.A.i s b el o n g e dC.b e Ion g s29.T h is compa n y is closi n g u p,soA.down B.out30.Jus t t a ke it e a sy an d _ u sA.s a y B.speak31.Some dev e 1 o p ed countries are tryingg fro m th e e n e rg y cris i s.B.had arrivedD.ha v e a