英语新外研选修七讲义MODULE3SECTIONⅢGRAMMAR—倒装和强调句.docx

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1、全部倒装Section U/ Grammar一 倒装和强调句KEQIANZIZHULINGWU语法图解表示方位、方向、时间等的副词位于句首时 俵示施盅而不词痴嫉位于布音后、祚装语而形蓉词洵询:芬词尊神手句音附部分倒装C表示否定意义的副词(短语)放在句首时only修饰状语或状语从句旦位于句首时其他部分倒装，基本结构：lt is/was +被强调部分+ that/who .：；一触疑问布：Is/Was+it被强调前分+lhal/who .： 片等殊疑问句：疑问同+ is/was + il + that/who. I_I1对 not . until 的强调：It is/was+not until .

2、 +that ： 融篇布函倒面万贵 ;探究发觉Here are some new magazines.In the middle of the room was a table.Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery.Not until at least thirty seconds had passed, was the man able to speak.No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the so

3、up spoon.Never have I heard anything like it.Only after the war did he learn the sad news.It was Oliver Twist who was chosen.我的发觉(1)以上句中，句中谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装。句中谓语的一局部 放在主语之前，为局部倒装。(2)由句可知，具有否认意义的副词(词组)位于句首,句子要局部倒装。(3)由句可知，当only位于句首，且修饰状语或状语从句时，主句要局部倒装。（4）句为强调句型，其构成为It is/was+被强调局部+who/that+句子其他成分。课堂要点

4、精析KETANGYAODIANJINGXI一、倒装（一）倒装句的概念英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。假设把谓语动词放在主语之前，那么 构成倒装句。1 .假如谓语全部放在主语之前，叫全部倒装。Out rushed a girl and a cat.一个小女孩和一只猫冲了出来。They arrived at a house, in front of which stood a big tree.他们来到一所房子前，房子前面有一棵大树。2 .假如只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，那么构成局部倒装。At no time should you leave your post.任何时候

5、你都不应当离开你的岗位。If you dont go, neither will I.假如你不去，我也不去。3 .形式上的倒装语法上称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不 倒装。Tired as they were, they went on working.虽然他们很累，但仍连续工作。即时演练1完成句子In the center of the park stands a statue.在公园的中心耸立着一座雕像。If Joes wife does not go to the party, neither does he.假如乔的妻子不去参与晚会，他也不会去。Try hard

6、as they were, they couldnt make her change her mind.尽管他们做了很大努力，却没能让她转变办法。（二）全部倒装全部倒装的条件：1 .当表示方位或时间的副词，如here, there, then, up, down, in, away, off, out等置于句首, 且主语是名词时。In came the teacher.老师进来了。Here is your coat.你的外套在这儿。2 .当表示地点或方位的介词短语位于句首且主语是名词时。In front of the house is a tall tree.这座房子前有一棵高大的树。3.形容

7、词（短语）、过去分词（短语）、现在分词（短语）或介词短语作表语位于句首时，且 主语局部较长时，其结构为“表语+连系动词+主语。Present at the meeting are Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和很多其他客人。Hanging on the wall is a picture drawn by a 6-year-old boy.墙上挂的是一个6岁男孩画的一幅画。名师点津当表示方位或时间的副词位于句首，主语是代词时，主语和谓语的位置不 能颠倒。Out she rushed

8、.她冲了出去。即时演练2使用倒装形式完成以下句子Now es your turn（轮到你了）.Out rushed the boys（男孩们冲出去了）when the bell rang.In the front of the stage stood a singer（站着一位唱歌家）.South of the city lies a factory（坐落着一家工厂）.Seated in the firstline（坐在第一排）are some advanced workers.Lying on the floor was a boy（是一个男孩儿）aged about ten.There g

9、oes the bell（铃响 了）.The door opened and in came our headmaster（校进步来 T）.（三）局部倒装1 .否认副司not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, rarely, little及表示否认意义的介词短语 in no case, by no means, at no time, on no condition 等置于句首口寸。At no time did they actually break the rules of the was unfair to punish them.他们肯定没有违反竞赛规那

10、么，惩处他们是不公正的。Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.（2016江苏高考）直到最近他们才鼓舞农村地区旅游相关活动的开展。2 . only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时，主句局部倒装。Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left contract at home. （2015天津高考）当莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到

11、她把合同落在家里了。Only in this way can you learn from your mistakes.只有用这种方式你才能从错误中吸取教训。3 .以so, neither, nor开头的句子用局部倒装，表示前面所说的状况也适用于后者。He studies English well; so does his sister.他英语学得很好，他妹妹也是如此。Mary cant ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy.玛丽不会骑自行车，露西也不会。4 .在so .that与such .that句型中，so与such局部位于句首时，要用局部倒装。So

12、unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.他的要价太离谱，令每个人都瞠目结舌。5 . hardly .when no sooner . thannot only .but also .等连接两4、句子,hardly, nosooner, not only置于句首时，紧接否认词之后的句子要用倒装语序。Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.护士们不仅要求提高工资，还要求缩短工作时间。Hardly had he begun to

13、 speak when his father stopped him.他刚开口说话就被父亲制止了。6 . not until放于句首时，主句局部倒装。Not until he returned did he have supper.直到他回来才吃饭。7 .在含有were, should或had的虚拟条件句中，可以省略if,把were, should或had提 前，构成倒装。Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.他要是听了我的建议，就胜利了。巧学助记局部倒装口诀副词开头要倒装，人称代词非如常； only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装； 否认意

14、义副连词，位于句首须倒装； 表语前置主语长，连接自然常倒装； such代词作表语，引起主谓要倒装； not only开头句，前一分句须倒装； had, were, should虚拟句,省略if半倒装。即时演练3(1)句型转换Although you might try, you cant make up for the lost time.f Try as/though you might, you cant make up for the lost time.They worked so hard that they finished their work ahead of time.f S

15、o hard did they work that they finished their work ahead of time.(3)1 didnt go to bed until I finished my homework last night.f Not until I finished my homework last night did I go to bed.I had hardly arrived when I had a new problem to deal with.f Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to de

16、al with.Shakespeare was not only a famous playwright, but he was also an excellent actor.f Not only was Shakespeare a famous playwright, but he was also an excellent actor.If I had known that earlier, I wouldnt have been to the dining hall.f Had I known that earlier, I wouldnt have been to the dinin

17、g hall.I had no sooner reached home than it poured down.f No sooner had I reached home than it poured down.He realized what had happened only when he returned home.f Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened.(2)单句改错Im not interested in is he.Sof Neither/NorDid you e yesterday, you

18、would have seen him. Didf Had(3)So would be our home in the future.Sof Such二、强调句1 .强调句型的结构：It is/was+被强调局部+that/who+句子其他局部。强调句型用来强调主语、宾语、状语等除谓语以外的句子成分。假如句子用的是过去的 某种时态，强调结构中就用was；假如句子用的是现在的某种时态，强调结构中就用is。当 被强调局部是指人时，可以用who代替thatoIt is a novelist that/who he has bee.他已经成了一位小说家。It was when I got back t

19、o my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.(2017- 津高考)正是当我回到公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。2 .强调句型一般疑问句的结构为：Is/Was it+被强调局部+that/who十句子其他局部？Was it your mother who made the decision?这个打算是你妈妈做的吗？3 .强调句型特别疑问句的结构为：特别疑问词(What/Who/When/Why/Where/How) + is/was it+that/who + 句子其他局部。Why was it that he did

20、nt get to school on time?为什么他没有按时到校？（强调句为特别疑问句形式，被强调局部是句子的缘由状语）4 . notuntil句型的强调句型为：It is/was not until +被强调局部+ that+其他局部。Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.（2015 重庆高考）巴赫于1750年去世，但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全成认。5 .强调句的推断方式:把It is/wasthat/

21、who去掉，假如剩下的成分能组成完整的 句子，就是强调句型。即时演练4用强调句型改写以下句子Mr Li teaches us English强亍周主语） fit is Mr Li who/that teaches us English.I phoned Mr Black just now.（强调宾语） fit was Mr Black that/who I phoned just now.We had a conversation in my office.（强调状语） fit was in my office that we had a conversation.Did he die dur

22、ing the Anti-Japanese War?（强调时间状语） f Was it during the AntiJapanese War that he died?Why is smoking not allowed here?（强调 why） f Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?课后强化训练【.单句语法填空1. Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.2. Not until all the fish died in the river did the village

23、rs realize how serious the pollution was.3. Hardly had he arrived at the railway station when it began to rain.4. Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.5. . Never before have I been asked to sing an English song.6. So great was the success of the book that it was made into a film.7. S

24、outh of the river lies （lie） a small factory.8. No sooner had we reached the station than the train was off.9. There es （e） the bus. Lets huiry up.10. What is it that makes you so happy?The fact that our volleyball team has got into the final.IL完成句子1. （2017全国卷 I ）Little did I know that I would disco

25、ver my love for ASL.我当时不知道我会发觉我对美式手语的喜爱。2. （2015北京高考书面表达）Not only does it offer teenagers like us a chance to enjoy a very exciting sport, but it also provides us with a good time to know more about the traditional Chinese culture.它不仅为向我们这样的青少年供应了一个享受特别令人兴奋的运动时机,而且它也为我 们供应了一个很好的时间来了解更多的中国传统文化。3. It

26、was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.我们是以真诚和忠诚制造了一个和谐的气氛。4. Away flew the bird into the forest.鸟儿一下子飞进了森林。5. . When was it that he broke the national record?他打破全国纪录那是在什么时候？6. Child as he is, hs knows much knowledge of science.尽管还是个孩子，他懂得很多科学学问。in ,短文改错Elena, wh

27、o showed no interest on her studies, was not a good student. Each time she tries to think hard about her lesson, her mind wandered. One day it was an important test. Present on the paper was many questions she couldnt deal with them. Elena did not want to fail the test, so she had no choice but chea

28、t. Next to Elena sat Ivan, a serious boy. She began to copy all of Ivans answers. When Ivan noticed Elena cheating, he quickly changed all her answers into incorrect one, and nor did Elena. Then hiding his paper, Ivan quick corrected his answers. Then the bell indicated the exam was over rang.答案：第一句：on-Hn其次句：triestried第三句：iLthere第四句：waswere;去掉them第五句：but后加to第八句：her-his; ik）lso第九句：quickf quickly第十句：bell 后力口 which/that