中考英语非谓语动词专项训练.docx

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1、中考英语非谓语动词专项训练中考英语：非谓语动词知识点归纳1、非谓语动词的基本形式动词：He asks me to help him often.谓语非谓语1.谓语动词：时态/被动语态非谓语：do/ to do/ doing/ done2、非谓语动词的判定非谓语动词一直是英语学习的难点，也是中考的常考点，主要为动词 不定式和动名词，在单项填空、词形填空和词组翻译题型中均有涉及。学 生在做此类试题时应先分析本题该用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后才能 确定选用动词的哪种形式或者非谓语的哪种形式。如何确定使用动词的哪 种形式具体讲解详见动词的时态，下面列举几种常见的判定非谓语动词形 式的方法：1.如何判

2、定本题该使用谓语动词还是非谓语动词：判断句子是否缺少 谓语。当句子缺少谓语时，该动词就用谓语动词形式。一般情况下，动 词作谓语放在主语之后，如“I love you.”中，love就是谓语动词。当句 中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与所填动词并列时，该动词就用非谓语动 词形式。非谓语动词可以在句子中作除谓语以外的任何成分，如主语、宾 语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语及插入语。3、非谓语动词的分类（不定式、动名词）非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式 动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中，每 种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。具体如下：1 .不定式基本形式：to do （表示主动，并且一般表示将

3、来）被动式：to be done （表示被动，并且一般表示将来）进行式：to be doing （表示主动和进行）完成时：t。have done （表示主动和完成）完成被动式：to have been done （表示被动和完成）26. Today, people are paying more and more attention to their health, (make) books on keeping healthy extremely hot.27. More than a quarter of the energy(use) in the United States goes

4、to moving people and goods from one place to another.28. The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings (cause) by his article on that film star.29. Some seemingly harmless blogs might become harmful when (read) on the Internet by millions of people.30. Not(impress) with the quality of your goods

5、, I will certainly not advise others to buy them.绞堂口31. to buy32. Seen33. affected34. To complete35. leading36. sending37. Bitten38. Reminded39. Given40. to look41. killing42. compared43. to find44. Throwing45. blown46. To complete47. studying48. To raise49. reminding50. hoping51. holding52. To make

6、53. To save54. challenged55. Offered56. making57. used58. caused59. read60. impressedli完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行）The teacher told us to do morning exercises.老师让我们做早操。The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.老师

7、进来时，她假装正在读书。The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。2 .动名词基本形式：doing （表示主动）被动式：being done （表示被动）完成式：having done （表示主动和完成）完成被动式：having been done （表示被动和完成

8、）Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans. Freddy和他的乐队到哪里都被他们的粉丝跟着。I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做过这样一件违背你的事情。Many customers complain of having

9、been given short weight at that shop. 很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少两过。3 .现在分词基本形式：doing （表示主动和进行）被动式：being done （表示被动和进行）完成式：having done （表示主动和完成）完成被动式：having been done （表示被动和完成）He sat there, reading a newspaper.他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。The area being studied may be rich in coal.这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。Having finished my homework, I

10、 began to watch TV.完成作业后，我开始看电视。Having been told many times, she still can t remember it.已经被告诉了很多次，她仍然记不住。4 .过去分词：done及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。polluted river 被污染的河流；fallen leaves 落叶注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。非谓语动词表示进行、将来和完成时 是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行；发生在谓语动作之后表示将 来；发生在谓语动作之前表示完成。1）不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定

11、语、状语和补语。1 .不定式的构成不定 式的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to是不定式符号，本 身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+to+动词原形。动词不定式没有人 称和数的变化。2.不定式的基本用法作主语：（1）动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句 末,避免句子头重脚轻。其结构为lt+be+adj.+to do sth.To learn English well is useful.=lt is useful to learn English well.（2）如果要说明不定式表示的动作的执行者，可以在不定式前加一个 for 短语。其结构为 l

12、t+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.It is good for you to go out for a walk.（3）某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind,good,nice,wise,clever,polite等）作表语时，不定式之前可以加一个of短语, 用来说明动作的执行者。其结构为lt+be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.Its not polite of him to speak to old people like that.(4)两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列时，第一个不定式带t。,后面的不 定式通常省略toTo go to sleep

13、 early and get up early is a good habit.作宾语：(1)不定式用在及物动词后作宾语,常见的及物动词有：begin,choose,continue,decide,expect,fail,forget,hate,help,hope Jeam,m anage,mean,need, offer,plan,prefer,pretend,promise jefuse,try,afford,agree, start,like 等I can5t afford to buy a digital camera at the moment.(2)在find,think后跟不定式

14、作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后 面I find it easy to read English every day.作宾语补足语(1)常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：want,askell,allow,get,would like,advise,encourage 等My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.(2)一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hearjisten to)、三让(let,make,have)、四看 (look at,see,watch,notice)。但变

15、被动语态时必须加上toI often hear Li Ming sing in the next room.(3)动词help后面的不定式，既可以带to,也可以不带toYou must help me(to)do my homework this afternoon.作定语：(1)作定语的不定式,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后I have some clothes to wash.(2)如果不定式是不及物动词，目与它所修饰的词构成逻辑上的被动关系， 则不定式要加上相应的介词He is looking for a room to live in.We have a lot of things t

16、o alk about.当不定式修饰的名词是time,place或way时，不定式后面习惯上省略介My grandma had no place to live(in)in the old days.(4)不定式修饰something,anything,nothing时，放在它们的后面，如果 something,anything,nothing 有形容词修饰，词序是“something/anything/nothing+形容词+不定式”I had something cold to drink.作状语：(1)不定式作目的状语时可放在句首或句尾To be a good student, one

17、must study hard.(2)和某些形容词连用构成“be+形容词+不定式”结构，作原因状语We are sorry to trouble you.(3)作程度或结果状语时，常与enough(表示肯定)或too(表示否定)连用He is old enough to go to school.He istoo young to go to school.作表语：表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”等，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行解释说 明His wish is to become a doctor.和疑问词连用不定式常和疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用，在句中担当主语

18、、 宾语、表语等成分He didnt know where to go.=He didnt know where he should go.中考英语：非谓语动词的重点和难点1 .须用省去t。的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词。五看(see、watch notice observe look at)两听(hear、listen to)三使(make、let have)一感觉(feel)根据谐音记忆法，我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday.昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。注意：以上11

19、个动词，也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在时间 和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。see sb. do sth.看到某人做了某事see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事see sb./sth. done看到某人/某物被I see him make the phone call.我看到他打了电话。（他打电话的整个动作我都看见了）I see him making a phone call.我看到他正在打电话。（强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.）We often see him surrounded by much work.我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着.2

20、 .只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动词want、would like、wish helphope learn manage offerplan afford agree arrangeask、beg、care choose decidedemand determine、expectfearprepare pretend promise refuse3 .只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的28个常用动词practice consider、enjoy、finishgive up imagine keep put offrisk、suggest、admit adviseallow、ap

21、preciate avoid delay、deny、discuss dislike、escapeexcuse fancy forbid mention、mind miss permit prohibit4 .既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词remember to do sth.记住要做某事（未做）remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做）forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（己做）regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事（未做）regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做）tr

22、y to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事mean to do sth.计划做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事cant help to do sth.不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情5 .所有非谓语动词的完成形式都不能做定语如：to have doneto have been done、to have been doing、having donehaving been done中考英语：非谓语动词专项练习（1） An ex

23、ercise methodto improve strength and balance isbecoming popular in the United States.A. designingB. designedC. to be designed D. being designed【答案与解析】B“设计”在这里是定语，修饰其前的“an exercise method ,所以其逻 辑主语应该是它的被修饰词“an exercise method”，所以表被动。因为“设 计”这个动词在这里本身已经完成，所以应用表示被动完成含义的designedo(2) Open your heart, and

24、youll make yourself better.A. known B. knowingC. to know D. know【答案与解析】A“知道，了解”在这里做宾补，所以其逻辑主语是其前的宾语yourself, yourself和“知道，了解”在这里是被动关系，所以选择过去分词known。1. With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank (buy) presents for my dad.2. (see) from the top of the tower, the south f

25、oot of the mountain is a sea of trees.3. With the governments aid, those (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.4. (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.5. The news shocked the public, (lead) to great concern about students5 safety at school.6. Lots

26、 of rescue workers were working around the clock, ( send) supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.7. (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.8. (remind) not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.9. (giv

27、e) the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars.10. The children all turned (look) at the famous actress as she entered the classroom.11. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, (kill) all four people on board.12. Michae

28、Ps new house is like a huge palace,(compare) with his old one.13. 一 Did the book give the information you needed? Yes. But (find) it, I had to read the entire book.14. (throw) their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.15. The trees (blow) down in the storm

29、have been moved off the road.16. (complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day.17. Im tired out. I stayed up the whole night, (study) for my midterm math exam.18. (raise) peoples living standards, the central government w川 take more measures in the coming years.19. He tol

30、d me to start early, (remind) me that the roads would be crowded.20. After a long absence, I went back to college,(hope) to pick up where Id left off.21. Was it (hold) the international conference that made the city the focus of this area?22. Tm sorry I was late.(make) up for it, let me treat you to a meal.23. (save) power, turn off the hot water after you are done showering.24. A person, when (challenge), can often do what is normally beyond his ability.25. (offer) a better position at IBM, he became more and more confident of his ability.