2023届高考英语阅读理解专练（2）人物传记类.docx

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1、(2)人物传记类Today, Ive been recording an audio book. I am excited that I have realized my life 一long dream.I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when students were encoura

2、ged to select and present a reading at nmorning talk”，I often added my name to the list.This was all handy background for my career in broadcasting. But, much as I enjoy hosting shows and interviewing people, I often find myself missing the simple pleasures of reading out loud. Pd thought about putt

3、ing myself forward as a narrator（朗读者）for audio books. But Im not an actor. I cant do regional accents or play female voice. Non-fiction, then, seemed the obvious target, but I felt that such books were best read by their authors. If it were authors* own voice, their stories would touch me.Recently,

4、delivering my sons nightly bedtime story has reawakened my love for reading out loud一highlights so far have included Charlottes Web. But I never thought Fd get the opportunity to do it professionally.Then, last month, I was contacted by James Plunkett, author of End State, a forthcoming book about p

5、olitical ideas. He had no desire to read his book out loud, but as a fan of my program, he thought I might do a reasonable job.So, Pve spent this week in a studio, simply reading stuff out loud. And Im LOVING IT!Obviously, it*s an entirely unexpected experience. It s disheartening when the recording

6、 eeds to be stopped because Pve just carelessly skipped over a the, or had to clear my throat, or catch my breath. Ive also learned how many words Fve been mispronouncing my entire life: behavioural is BE-HAYVE-YOU-RAL, not BE- HAYVE-EE-AH-RUL. Though tackling this 339-page book doesnt turn out to b

7、e that easy, Pve found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many. l.What does the writer want to show by mentioning his experiences at school?A. The power of dreaming.B. His love for reading aloud.C. The impact of schooling.D. His talent for reading.D. The artistic ideal Bru

8、sh pursued.八、Legend, hero and genius are commonplace in footballing circles. The greatest of all time can be Pele, who remains the only player to have won three World Cups and almost reached a goal per game, scoring 1,279 in 1,363 appearances.Born in Brazil in 1940, Edson Arantes do Nascimento was g

9、iven the nickname Pele at school. Later, he played for local amateur teams throughout his youth and developed his skills as well as physical strength.Pele signed professional papers in 1956, joining top-flight Brazilian side Santos FC. On his debut（首秀）,he scored and by the following year, he was the

10、 leagues top scorer and called up to the Brazilian national team. In 1958, he scored 58 goals in Santos FC-a record that remains unbeaten. In the same year, Pele made his World Cup debut and led Brazil to the champion, making him the youngest player to take part in, score in and win the final. On No

11、vember 19, 1969, Pele scored his 1,000th goal in all competitions. Brazil won a third World Cup in 1970, with Pele scoring the opening goal in the final against Italy. He remained at Santos for 19 seasons, and retired from Brazilian club football in 1974.The following year he signed for North Americ

12、an Soccer League side New York Cosmos. In his first public appearance in Boston, many fans crowded to the field when he scored, causing him injury and being carried from the field of play on a stretcher（担架）.Peles last professional match took place in August 1977, with Pele scoring his last goal, a f

13、ree kick for Cosmos, from thirty yards.Following his retirement from football, Pele dedicated his life to ambassador（大使） work, being appointed UN ambassador for ecology and the environment in 1992 and UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador in 1994. University of Edinburgh awarded him an honorary degree for his

14、contribution to humanitarian and environmental causes, as well as his sporting achievements, and an honorary knighthood followed, with Queen Elizabeth II presenting the honor in 1997.29 .When did Pele begin to play for the Brazil National Team?A.In 1956.B.In 1957.C.In 1958.D.In 1959.30 .Why did Pele

15、 have to leave the field in his debut in Boston?A.He was too tired to continue the match.B.He was kicked by the opponent players.C.He got the red card and was sent off.D.He got hurt because of the crowded fans.31 .What does the last paragraph imply?A.Pele became busy with UNESCO work.B. Pele went on

16、 learning to get a degree in the university.C.Pele contributed a lot to human beings and the planet.D.Pele made a difference to the British football development.32.Which of the following can best describe Pele according to the text?A.Talented and devoted.B.Generous and confident.C.Humorous and respo

17、nsible.D.Brave and energetic.答案以及解析1 .答案：B解析：题意为:作者想通过提到他在学校的经历来说明什么？A.梦想的力量。B. 他对朗读的热爱。C.学校教育的影响。D.他的阅读天赋。根据文中第二段第一 行 I will never forget at primary school I used to wait with breathless anticipation to take my turn reading out a paragraph of great works in front. At my secondary school, when stude

18、nts were encouraged to select and present a rending at morning talk, I often added my name to the list.（我永远不会忘记在小学时，我曾经屏住呼吸，期待 着轮到我在前面朗读一段伟大的作品。在我上中学的时候，当学生们被鼓励在 “晨间谈话”中选择并发表一篇文章时，我经常把自己的名字加到名单上。）。可知 是说明他对朗读的热爱。故选B。2 .答案：D解析：题意为:从第三段中我们可以了解到作者的什么信息?A.他后悔做了电视 主持人。B.他对非虚构作品没有兴趣。C.他有富的表演经验。D.他知道自己的 缺点。

19、根据文中第三段第四行,But Pm not an actor. I cant do regional accents or play female voice.（但我不是演员，我不会讲地方口音，也不会演女声。）。可知他知 道自己的缺点。故选D。3 .答案：C解析：略4 .答案：A解析：题意为:作者如何看待朗读者的角色?A.要求很高，但很喜欢。B.冒险但富 有成效。C.累但没有压力。D.无聊但有益。根据文中第六段第一行,So, Fve spent this week in a studio, simply reading stuff out loud. And Im LOVING IT!（所以，

20、这周 我在工作室里度过只是大声朗读。我很喜欢它!）。可知作者喜欢它。根据文中 最后一段第一行,Though tackling this 339-page book doesnt turn out to be that easy, Ive found the whole process awesome, and hope this becomes the first of many.（虽然 处理这本339页的书并不是那么容易，但我发现整个过程非常棒，希望这成为许多 书中的第一个）。可知难度很大，要求是比较高的，但是作者喜欢。故选A。5 .答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段，我是在钓鱼的时候注意

21、到野生动物的，这是后续 对其越来越感兴趣的起点。所以应该选叙述钓鱼这件事的选项。四个选项中，只 有 B 符合要求:Taking up 对应 getting keen on, fishing 对应 a particular hobby 0故 选B。6 .答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句话，可推断出作者虽然很忙,但时间安排合 理，其他三个选项都是文章中的事实，不是推断，故选Ao7 .答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中I think what Im known for is being able to come up with exceptional images in poor co

22、nditions.可知，作者能优于别的摄影师是 因为能够在恶劣的环境中拍非常出色的照片，故选Do8 .答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容中Something I havent done, which would be fun, is to travel round the country showing a selection of my images at local art galleries and libraries.可知,作者未来的愿望是在全国各地展出自己拍摄的最好的 照片，故选C。9答案:D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中Im a physicist, so I dont l

23、ike blind memorization. I knew that Chinese characters came from pictographs and I wanted to know the stories behind the Chinese characters.”可知：作为物理学家，他不喜欢盲 目记忆，他知道汉字来自于象形文字，所以他想了解汉字背后的故事。因此， 他是为了更容易的记忆汉字，就专门去了解它们背后的故事。故选D。10 .答案：A解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段首句“As he studied, Sears found that many of the explanat

24、ions were conflicting and even the experts were at odds.中的and”可知， “conflicting”（冲突的，相矛盾的）与“at odds”构成并列关系。故A项正确。11 .答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句He scanned about 96,000 ancientcharacters and established the database of them.”可知,他扫描 96,000 个古汉字并 为其建立了数据库，而不是把所有的古汉字都收录进了数据库，故A项错误。 根据第三段首句“In 2002 he got his w

25、ebsite up and named it Chinese Etymology, where visitors can check for free the development of Chinese characters in various forms.“可知他创办的Chinese Etymology网站可以供访客免费查阅汉字发展的各 种不同形式，因此这个网站是关于汉字的各种发展形式的，故B正确。根据第 四段首句Besides, he has explained the origin of 15,000 modem characters.”可知， Sears解释了 15,000个现代汉

26、字的起源，而不是这些字的结构，故C项错误。 根据第五段第句“Last year, Sears set up his studio in Nanjing that focuses on applying AR, animation（动画）and artificial intelligence to tell stories of Chinese culture and character origins.”可知，Sears录制的视频是关于中国文化和汉字起源 的，不是关于中国历史故事，故D项错误。12 .答案:C解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一位致力于汉字研究的美国汉字大叔的故 事。故C项正确。

27、四、13 .答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段 NPRs Melissa Block, host of All Things Considered, recently spent a day at the hospital to get a sense of her world, through her relationships with her patients.（NPR 新闻的 Melissa Block 是 All Things Considered节目的主持人，她最近花了一天时间在医院里，通过她与病人的关系来 了解她的世界）可知,Melissa Block去医院是想了解Dr. Of

28、ri的故事。故选C。14 .答案：C解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段 Dr. Ofri tries to keep an ear tuned to the stories behind her patients* medical complaints. Answers to questions about family or jobs may not help with medical diagnosis, but conversations like these can help gain a patients trust, and they help the doctor, too. nAt

29、night, I recall our conversations, and wonder what else I could do for them. It makes me curious about them/ Dr. Ofni says, “so when I go back the next day, Im more connected with them. And I think a connection has healing powers. Most of the patients brighten when they talk about themselves and I t

30、hink they actually feel better.”（奥弗里医生试图倾听病人医疗投 诉背后的故事。回答有关家庭或工作的问题可能对医学诊断没有帮助，但这样的 对话可以帮助获得患者的信任，也对医生有帮助。”晚上,我回想起我们的谈话，想 着我还能为他们做些什么。这让我对他们感到好奇，”奥弗里博士说,“所以当我第 二天回去的时候,我和他们的联系更紧密了。我认为这种联系有治愈的力量。大 多数病人。照亮。当他们谈论自己时,我认为他们实际上感觉更好。”）可知，该段 主要谈到了倾听病人的心声好处。故选C。15 .答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段 She carves out five minu

31、tes or so each day to gather with her interns and read a poem.（她每天抽出五分钟左右的时间和实习生们 聚在一起读一首诗）以及划线词后文 another kind of language into the training poetry（训练诗歌的另一种语言）可知，她每天花费大约五分钟时间把实习生召集起 来读诗，是为了增加另一种语言给学生学习，故划线词意思是“增加。A.Cut.切 割;B.Change.变更;C.Accept.接受;D.Add.添加，增加。故选Do16 .答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 Through thes

32、e brief pauses in the day, she says shes giving her students na chance to let the other part of their brain flower a little bit. Im just hoping the experience of doing that is helpful, and also trains my students to listen more carefully to patients.H she said.（她说，通过每天的这些短暂停顿，她给了 学生们”一个让他们大脑的另一部分开花结

33、果的机会。我只是希望这样做的经 验是有帮助的，也训练我的学生更仔细地倾听病人。”她说）可知，奥弗里医生要为 新医生举办”文学研讨会”是为了提高他们的人道主义素质。故选B。五、17 .答案:A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“For one overseas student who has been in China for over a decade（对于一个在中国待了十多年的留学生来说）”及第二段中 Souleymane Hima Oumarou, a Nigerien student at Hebei University in Baoding, Hebei province, first

34、came to the university in 2012 as an undergraduate, not only for an education, but also to achieve his dream of learning the Chinese martial art of kung fu.（2012年，来自河北省保定市河北大学的尼日尔学生Souleymane Hima Oumarou 作为一名本科生第一次来到这所大学，不仅是为了学习，也是为了实现他学习中国武术功夫的梦想）可知，十多年前Qumarou为了实现自己的梦想出国了。故选Ao18 .答案:A解析：细节理解题。根据第

35、四段中“Learning martial arts has not been easy because I was not young when I started/5 the 36-year-old said（学习武术并不容易，因为我开 始学习的时候已经不年轻了，”这位36岁的人说）可知Qumarou并没有在很小的 时候就开始练习武术，所以这对他来说有挑战性。故选Ao19 .答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In the future, he plans to open a kung fu center in Niger after he graduates, and to beco

36、me an instructor and teach youngsters martial arts.（未来，他计划毕业后在尼日尔开设一家功夫中心，并成为一名教练，教 授年轻人武术）”可知Qumarou毕业后可能会在尼日尔教孩子们武术，故选D。20 .答案:B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Souleymane Hima Oumarou, a Nigerien student at Hebei University in Baoding, Hebei province, first came to the university in 2012 as an undergraduate, not

37、only for an education, but also to achieve his dream of learning the Chinese martial art of kung fu.（2012 年，来自河北省保定市河北大学的 尼日尔学生Souleymane Hima Oumarou作为一名本科生第一次来到这所大学，不 仅是为了学习，也是为了实现他学习中国武术功夫的梦想）和第五段中“As far as his instructor is concerned, Oumarou is hardworking and energetic.（在他的导师看 来Qumarou工作勤奋，精力

38、充沛）”可知Qumarou到异国十余年追逐自己的武术梦 想，说明他很有决心,且他很勤奋。故选B。六、21 .答案：C解析：本题考查考生的细节理解能力。通读第1、2段可知，作者的旅行路线是 OntarioNewfoundland - the Strait of Belle Isle - Labrador Peninsula。22 .答案：B解析：本题考查考生的推理判断能力。根据第4段中的a deserted town和 Multiple ferry rides and 600 miles”可推知，作者认为 Battle Harbor 既偏远又荒 凉。23 .答案：C解析：本题考查考生的推理判断能

39、力。根据第5段可知，对于想了解 Newfoundland & Labrador 的人,作者推荐电影 The Grand Seductiono由此可推知, 作者推荐这部电影是因为它能让人了解这个地方的处境。24 .答案：A解析：本题考查考生的推理判断能力。根据最后一段可知,旅行让作者更加了解 自己的国家，这对作者产生了巨大的影响。作者的脑海中有一幅加拿大的画面, 作者把它带到了世界的其他地方，因为作者对它有着极大的热情。由此可推知, 作者自小四处旅游，这让他更爱自己的国家。七、25 .答案:C解析：推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“The ancient technique of applying g

40、old beads as fine as sand-grains to a curved gold surface without solder （焊接），was stunning, but so was the lightness of spirit.（在没有焊料的弯曲金表面上涂上细如沙 粒的金珠的古老技术令人惊叹，但精神的轻盈也是如此。户可知Daniel Brush倾 向于使用古老的工艺来制作物品，故选C。26 .答案：A解析：细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“His chief motivation, he said, was to understand the material and, t

41、hrough that, himself. He wondered why his heart had beaten so fast in the museum that day. Gold in particular had a message for him. His contact with this glorious metal might focus all his attention and help him to hear it.（他说，他的主要动机是了解材料，并通过这些了解自己。他想知道为什么那 天他的心脏在博物馆里跳动得如此之快。黄金特别向他传达了一个信息。他与 这种光荣金属

42、的接触可能会集中他的所有注意力，帮助他听到它。）”可知他终 生研究黄金的主要原因是他想了解更多关于黄金和自己的知识，故选Ao27 .答案：C解析：推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“For 45 years in that loft, he had pursued his calling （在那间阁楼里45年来，他一直在追寻自己的使命）”以及整篇文章描述他 对黄金的研究和投入，可知Daniel Brush非常投入和专注，故选C。28 .答案:D解析：细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“For Daniel Brush, he loved the idea that one might take a piec

43、e made by Brush out of a pocket, let its beauty pass from mind to mind, and smile. That too was what its maker was after.（对于 Daniel Brush 来 说，他喜欢这样的想法：人们可以从口袋里拿出一件Brush制作的作品，让它 的美从脑海中传递到脑海中，然后微笑。这也是它的制造者所追求的。）”可知 作者在最后一段中强调的是Brush追求的艺术理想，故选D。八、29 .答案：B解析：解析:细节理解题。根据第三段“Pel6 signed professional paper

44、s in 1956.by the following year, he was.called up to the Brazilian national team.（贝利于 1956 年 签约开始职业足球生涯，在接下来的那一年，他被召入巴西国家队。）”的内容可知, 贝利加入国家队是在他开踢职业足球之后的那一年,所以是1957年。故选B 项。30 .答案:D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“The following year he signed for North American Soccer League side New York Cosmos. In his first public app

45、earance in Boston, many fans crowded to the field when he scored, causing him injury and being carried from the field of play on a stretcher.（次年，他签约北美足球联赛球队纽约宇宙队。在波 士顿的首次公开亮相中,当贝利进球时，许多球迷挤到了球场上，导致他受伤，并被 担架抬出了赛场。厂的内容可知，贝利在美国首秀时被迫离开球场，是因为球迷涌 入球场导致受伤。故选D项。31 .答案:C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，贝利退休后，被任命为联合国生态与 环境

46、大使和联合国教科文组织亲善大使，为保护全球的生态与环境而努力着。爱 丁堡大学授予他荣誉学位,以及英国女王伊丽莎白二世授予他荣誉爵士头衔，都是 表彰他在人道主义和环境事业方面所做出的贡献。当然，他的足球成就也是不容 忽视的。故选C项。32 .答案:A解析：观点态度题。根据第三段“In 1958,he scored 58 goals in Santos FC-a record that remains unbeaten.味口On November 19, 1969, Pele scored his 1,000th goal in all competitions. Brazil won a thi

47、rd World Cup in 1970,with Pele scoring the opening goal in the final against Italy.”可知,贝利职业生涯中进球非常多，并拿到三 次世界杯冠军，故贝利是talented（意为“有才华的”）以及最后一段“Following his retirement from football, Pele dedicated his life to ambassador （大使）work, .and UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador in 1994丁的内容可知，贝利在退役后，把自己的生 命奉献给大使工作,为人道

48、主义和环境保护做出了突出的贡献，故贝利是“有献身 精神的故选A项。2 .What can we learn about the writer from paragraph 3?A. He regretted being a host.B. He disliked non-fiction books.C. He lacked working experience.D. He lacked confidence in narrating.3 .Why did the writer get the job as a narrator?A. He was good at reading bedtime story. B. He applied for it in person.C.He was appointed by the author. D.He had crowds of fans.4 .What does the writer think of being a narrator?A. Demanding but fruitful.B. Risky but enjoyable.C. Tiring but stress-free.D. Boring but rewarding.二、One of my earliest memories is of getting keen on f