高中英语高考语法知识讲解(强调句+虚拟句+倒装句).docx
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1、高考英语语法知识讲解一、强调句【定义】通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调,从而起到修辞的作用。例句:It was Lily who broke the cup.是丽丽打碎了杯子。【分类】1 .使用强调句型表示强调It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其他例句:It was her who I saw yesterday.我昨天看到的是她。Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who+其他例句:Was it her who I saw yesterday?我昨天看到的是她吗?被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+is/was+it+that/who+其他?例句: whe
2、n and where was it that you were born?你什么时候出生的?出生在哪里?It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他快!句:It was not until his mother came back that the boy went to bed.直到他妈妈回来,男孩才肯上床睡觉。2 .使用一个单词表示强调do/does/did+动词前可表示强调例句:I do complete my tasks.我真的完成了我的任务。never/only/very/mere /perfect 可表示强调例句:This is a very questio
3、n that deserves careful analysis.这真是一个值得仔细分析的问题。二、虚拟句【定义】虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等,而不表示客观存在的 事实。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。例句:If I were a bird, I wou 1 d be able to fly in the air.如果我是鸟,我就能在空中飞行。【分类】3 .虚拟条件句条件从句与现在事实不一致,其句型为:If +主语+过去时,主语+ should (could, would,或might) +动词原形例句:If I were you, I woul
4、d try.如果我是你,我会试一试。条件从句与过去事实不一致,其句型为:If + 主语+ had +过去分词,主语 + should (could, would,或 might) + have + 过去分 词例句:if the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.如果昨晚医 生来了,这个孩子也许可以救活。条件从句与将来事实不一致,其句型为:If +主语+过去时/ should +动词原形/ were to +动词原形,主语+ should (could, would,或might) +动词原形例句:If it sh
5、ould rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。注: 条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装。例句:Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have been saved.如果昨晚医生 来了,这个孩子也许可以救活。If条件句中绝对不可以出现would。2.从句中的虚拟语气定语从句虚拟语气:表示:“早该做某事了”其句型为:It is (high / about) time that +主语+动词的过去式/ should+动词原形例句:It
6、 is high time you should go to work. 你早该上班了。 主语从句虚拟语气:表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义其句型为:It is a pity / a shame / no wonder. . . that.It is suggested / requested / desired / proposed /. . . that.It worries me that.It is admirable / necessary / natural. . that.例句:It is a pity that we should not meet last night.真
7、遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过 面。表语从句或同位语从句虚拟语气:表示请求、要求、命令、建议等名词advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语时;其句型:(should) +动词原形。例句:He told us his idea that he should go to university.他告诉了我们他的想法: 他想上大学。宾语从句虚拟语气:advis
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