陕西省咸阳市2023届高三下学期高考模拟检测（三）英语试卷（含答案）.docx

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1、陕西省咸阳市2023届高三下学期高考模拟检测(三)英语试卷学校：姓名:班级:考号：一、阅读理解The Best museums in San Francisco for History BuffsThe Cable Car MuseumThis museum displays hundreds of artifacts and interactive activities related to San Franciscos cable cars. Visitors can explore how cable cars were constructed, operated, and later

2、restored during the 1970s, or a behind-the-scenes tour to look at how electricity is generated to power the cable cars. Admission is free and guided tours are available throughout the week, though the museum is closed every Monday.Fee: Free, but donations accepted.Address: 1201 Mason St.Hours: 10 AM

3、4 PM, closed Monday.Alcatraz IslandYouve probably heard of Alcatraz, the 22-acre island about one mile off the coast of San Francisco. Its famous for serving as a prison for criminals. Today, its one of the most popular tourist attractions in the city, partially because of the fascinating museums on

4、 the island.After taking a self-guided tour of the prison, stick around to explore the many museums and exhibits in the islands various buildings. Exhibits range from collections of prisoners hand-made items and historical items to exhibitions on the history of crime in America to exhibits on the is

5、lands Native American occupation of the 1970s.Fee: Accessible only via cruises; prices start at $28 (for kids).Address: Pier 33 Alcatraz Landing.Hours: Changes seasonally, open daily.Musee MecaniqueThis small-but-packed museum is the best in SF for going back in time as the collection has more than

6、300 items. The museum started as one persons personal collection back in the 1930s, but has since ballooned into the impressive spread visitors can see today.Admission to the Musee Mecanique is totally free, but because it sits near Pier 45, its likely that youll end up spending some money in the ar

7、ea, anyway-the popcorn carts on the pier are hard to resist.Fee: Free, but donations accepted.Address: Taylor Street at Pier 45.Hours: Daily, 10 AM-8 PM.参考答案1、答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据 The Cable Car Museum 部分“Hours: 10 AM4 PM, closed Monday.（营业时间:上午10点至下午4点，周一闭馆。厂可知，缆车博物馆（The Cable Car Museum）周一闭馆。故选D。2、答案：B解

8、析:细节理解题。根据 Alcatraz Island 部分“Its famous for serving as a prison for criminals.（它以充当罪犯的监狱而闻名。）”可知,恶魔岛（Alcatraz Island）是以监狱为主题 的。故选B。3、答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据 Musee Mecaniquce 部分第二段“the popcorn carts on the pier are hard to resist.（码头上的爆米花车让人难以抗拒。）”可知，在梅卡尼克博物馆（Mus6e Mecanique）,人们可以吃到爆米花。故选A。4、答案：A5、答案：D6、答案：

9、C7、答案：B8、答案：B解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段“Before the industrial revolution, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rarely climbed above 280 ppm; but during the 2014 calendar year, carbon dioxide levels ascended to 402 ppm.（在工业革命之前,大气中的二氧化碳含量很少攀升到 280 ppm以上;但在2014年,二氧化碳水平ascended到了 402Ppm）”可知，这句话讲述大气 中二氧化碳含量的上升问题。由此可知,

10、划线词ascended的意思应该是“上升”，和选项B 意思一致。故选B。9、答案：D解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the fall of 2014, the National Audubon Society released a report entitled Birds and Climate Change. It is a comprehensive, first-of-its kind study that predicts how climate change could affect the ranges of 588 North American birds. Of the

11、588 North American bird species, more than half are likely to be in trouble. The National Audubon Societys models indicate that 314 species will lose more than 50 percent of their current climatic range by 2080. Of the 314 species at risk from global warming, 126 of them are classified as climate en

12、dangered. These birds are projected to lose more than 50 percent of their current range by 2050.The other 188 species are classified as climate threatened and expected to lose more than 50 percent of their current range by 2080 if global warming continues at its current pace.（2014年秋天，国家奥杜邦学会发布了一份题为鸟

13、 类与气候变化的报告。这是一项全面的、首次同类研究，预测了气候变化如何影响 588只北美鸟类的活动范围。在588种北美鸟类中，超过一半的鸟类可能会陷入困境。 美国国家奥杜邦学会的模型表明，到2080年,314个物种将失去其当前气候范围的50% 以上。在314个面临全球变暖风险的物种中，有126个被列为气候濒危物种。预计到 2050年,这些鸟类的活动范围将减少50%以上。其他188个物种被列为气候威胁物种， 如果全球变暖以目前的速度持续下去,预计到2080年，它们将失去目前范围的50%以 上）”可知，这一段主要讲述气候变化对鸟类的影响。故选Do 10、答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The

14、 first study showed that from 2014 to 2016,over a million common murres from Alaska through California died as a result of a marine heat wave.（第一项研究表明，从2014年到2016年,从阿拉斯加到加利福尼亚州，超过100万只 普通海鸦死于海洋热浪）”可知，研究表明，许多普通海鸦死于海洋热浪。故选Bo 11、答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Visit our How You Can Help Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissi

15、ons page to learn what you can do to help protect these species at risk from climate disruption.（访问我们的“如何帮助减少温室气体排放”页面，了解如何帮助保护这些面临 气候破坏风险的物种）”可知，这篇文章是来自于有关如何帮助减少温室气体排放的网 站。由此推知,这篇文章可能来自一个科学网站。故选A。12、答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第段 The chatbots sudden huge popularity can make accessing the service pretty tricky.（

16、聊天机器人突然大受欢迎，这使得访问该服务变得相当棘手。）可 知,访问该服务不是那么容易。故选A。13、答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段 The professional offering, which OpenAI described as “experimental”, will be “always available,offer “fast responses from ChatGPTand would provide as many messages as you need.（这项被OpenAI称为“实验性,的专业服务将“始 终可用”，提供“来自ChatGPT的快速响应”，并将提供

17、“您需要的任何信息”。）可 知QpenAl提供“始终可用”，“来自ChatGPT的快速响应”，和“您需要的任何信息”等服务, 没有免费订阅服务。故选C。14、答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第五段 However, in December Sam Altman, OpenAIs chief executive said the average cost of each response was in single-digits cents”, but he admitted it will need to charge the service eventually because of its

18、eye-watering“ compute costs.（然 而,12月QpenAl首席执行官萨姆奥特曼表示，每次响应的平均成本为“个位数美分”，但 他承认，由于其“令人垂涎”的计算成本，最终需要向该服务收费。）可知，这项服务收费是 因为它的高运行成本。故选D。15、答案:C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 Despite its popularity, ChatGPT isnt the only AI chatbot on the market. The $42 a month price tag is causing some users to seek other alternatives

19、 that might be more cost effective and just as efficient.（尽管 ChatGPT 很受欢迎, 但它并不是市场上唯一的人工智能聊天机器人。每月42美元的价格标签导致一些用户 寻求其他可能更具成本效益和效率的替代品。）可知,ChatGPT将会失去一些用户。故选 Co16、答案：CEGDF解析： 根据后文“A fake smile can make you look bad in a photo. It looks forced and doesnt meet your eyes. When you take a photo, you need

20、 to give your best, most natural smile so you look your best.（假笑会让你在照片上看起来很糟糕。它看起来很勉强，不符 合你的眼睛。当你拍照时，你需要给你最好的，最自然的微笑，这样你看起来最好）”可知， 本段主要介绍拍照的时候要保持自然的微笑。所以选择项C“Have a natural smile（保持 自然的微笑）”符合上下文语境。故选C。根据前句When you look at the camera, donft look straight at the camera.（当你看镜头的 时候，不要直视镜头）”和后句“Then, til

21、t your head up or down slightly.（然后，稍微向上或向 下倾斜你的头）”可知，拍照时稍微朝镜头上方或下方看。所以选择项E-Look slightly above or slightly below（稍微往上看或稍微往下看）”符合上下文语境。故选E。空处位于段末,应承接上文。根据前文“Bend your arms and hold them slightly away from your body. This also helps create shape to your midsection（腰腹）instead of bulk.（弯曲 你的手臂,让它们稍微远离你

22、的身体。这也有助于塑造你腹部的形状，而不是臃肿）”可知, 前文提到手臂，这里继续介绍拍照时手的放置。所以选择项G“Keep your hands relaxed and slightly bent（保持双手放松并微微弯曲）”符合上下文语境。故选G。根据前文“One of the best ways to get the best picture is to take more than one! Even models go through numerous frames to get that one perfect pictured要想拍出最好的照片，最 好的方法之一就是多拍!即使是模特也

23、要经过无数帧才能得到一张完美的照片）”和后半 句the better likelihood you will get a great photo.（你得到一张好照片的可能性就越大）“可 知，拍的照片越多，拍出来的照片就越好。所以选择项D“The more pictures you take（你拍 的照片越多）”符合上下文语境。这里也运用了“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。故选D。 根据前句“Make sure you feel proud of who you are.（确保你为自己感到骄傲）”和后句 “Focus on that instead of any faults you th

24、ink you have.（把注意力集中在这一点上，而不是 你认为自己有什么缺点）”可知，要自信,自己是独一无二的,自己拍的照片有自己的特点。 所以选择项F“You are unique and have great features（你是独一无二的，有很好的特点）”符 合上下文语境。故选F。17、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:黎明时分,28岁的肯尼亚火车司机孔奇利亚奥维尔已 经换上了工作服，等待酒精测试和办理上车手续。A.uniform制服;BJeans牛仔 裤;C.sweater 毛衣;D.blouse 衬衫。根据上文“a 28-year-old Kenyan train driv

25、er”可知澳维 尔是火车司机，所以开车之前她应该是要换上工作服。故选A。18、答案:C解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:见第1题详解。A.check over检查;B.check out结账退 房;C.check in 登记进入;D.check up 了解;查清。根据上文“had already changed into her work 1 waiting for alcohol testing”可知，奥维尔已经换上了工作服，所以应该是等待酒 精测试和办理上车手续。故选C。19、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:一切准备就绪后,奥维尔和她的同事们将踏上新的旅 程 o A.neighbors

26、邻居;B.colleagues 同事;C.families 家庭;D.visitors 游客。根据下文 “would set off for a new journey”可知，要发车了，所以奥维尔应该是和她的同事们一起。 故选Bo20、答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:大约5年前,奥维尔被选中，然后被派往中国进行为期 50天的严格训练。A.urged催促;B.promised承诺;C.selected选择;D.forced迫使。根据下 文“and then sent to China”可知，奥维尔后来被送到中国,所以要先在国内参加选拔。故选Co21、答案：C解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:

27、见第4题详解。A.various各种各样的;B.mental精神 的;C.strict 严格的;D.physical 身体的。根据下文“Later, Owire, with six other colleagues, 6 to their country and began practicing repeatedly to 7 themselves for the tough task of 8 people including President Uhuru Kenyatta.“可知，她们要运送包括总统乌胡鲁肯雅塔 在内的人员的艰巨任务，所以应该是要经过严格的训练。故选Co22、答案：B解析

28、：考查动词词义辨析。句意:后来,奥维尔和其他六名同事回到了他们的国家，开始 反复练习，为运送包括总统乌胡鲁肯雅塔在内的人员的艰巨任务做好准备。A.left离 开;B.returned回来;C.escaped逃跑;D.went去。根据下文“to their country”可知，这是指奥 维尔回国了。故选B。23、答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A.imagine想象;B.reward回 报;C.support 支持;D.prepare 准备。根据上文“began practicing repeatedly”可知，她们反复 训练应该是为了让自己为运输做好准备。故选D。24、答

29、案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第6题详解。A.directing指导;B.exchanging交 换;C.accompanying 陪同;D.transporting 运输。根据上文“a 28-year-old Kenyan train driver”可知，奥维尔是火车司机，所以她的任务是运输。故选D。25、答案：A解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:奥维尔在一个很小的村庄长大，从未想过有一天会成为 一名女火车司机,因为在肯尼亚，女性仍然在追求由男性控制的职业。A.never从 不;B.ever 曾经;C.sometimes 偶尔;D.often 经常。根据下文“as in Kenya th

30、e 10 still suffered from pursuing careers controlled by men”可知，在肯尼亚，很多职业都是由男性控 制的，所以作为女性的奥维尔从来没有想过能做火车司机。故选Ao26、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A.Chinese中国人;B.men男 A；C.women 女人;D.Kenyans 肯尼亚人。 根据下文“still suffered from pursuing careers controlled by men”可知，这里指在肯尼亚，很多职业是女性们做不了的。故选C。27、答案：D解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,

31、中国建造的蒙巴萨一内罗毕标准轨距铁路(SGR) 改变了当地的经济和像奥维尔这样的普通肯尼亚人的生活,她已经成为从一个乡村女孩 转变为一个成功的职业女性的典范。A.Otherwise否则;B.Therefore因此;C.Moreover而 且;D.However然而。根据上下文意思可知，上下文是转折关系。故选D。28、答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第11题详解。A.changed改变;B.described描 写;C.introduced 介绍;D.created 创造。根据下文“the local economy and the life of ordinary Kenyans li

32、ke Owire”可知，这里指中国建造的蒙巴萨内罗毕标准轨距铁路改善了当地 的经济和像奥维尔这样的普通肯尼亚人的生活。故选A。29、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第11题详解。A.transportation运输;B.transformation 转换;C.competition 竞争;D.operation 手术,操作。根据下文“from a village girl to a successful working woman”可知,这里指奥维尔身份的变化。故选B。30、答案：A解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:奥维尔说:“我知道，如果我做得积极,SGR将促进我们 国家的经济发展。A.

33、positively积极地；B. anxiously紧张地；C. separately各自地；D. quietly安静地。根据下文“the SGR will promote our countrys 15”可知,要想国家有变 化，奥维尔就要积极去做。故选A。31、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第14题详解。A.government政府;B.economy经 济;C.law 法律;D.independence 独立。 根据上文“the Chinese-built Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway(SGR) has 12 the local e

34、conomy”可知，中国建造的蒙巴萨一内 罗毕标准轨距铁路改善了当地的经济。故选B。32、答案：C解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:高效的交通和就业机会只是SGR项目提供的众多 好处中的两个，例如扩大市场准入、降低商业成本、开放孤立地区和提高当地商品的竞 争力。A.Artificial 人工的;B.Obvious 明显的;C.Eficient 高效的;D.Permanent 永久的。根 据上文“the Chinese-built Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway(SGR) has 12 the local economy and the life of

35、 ordinary Kenyans like Owire”可知，中国建造的蒙巴萨内罗 毕标准轨距铁路的效果是很好的。故选C。33、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第16题详解。A. benefits好处;B.challenges挑 战;C.conflicts 冲突;D. technologies 技术。根据上文“ 16transport and employment opportunities”可知，高效的交通和就业机会是SGR项目带来的好处。故选A。34、答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第16题详解。A.increasing增加;B.reducing减 J;C.forbidd

36、ing 禁止;D.considering 考虑。根据下文“business costs”可知,这里指 SGR 项 目带来的好处，所以应该是降低商业成本。故选B。35、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:肯尼亚铁路公司、商业和运营专家组组长James Siele 在接受新华社采访时表示:“自2017年5月31日开通以来,SGR 一直是肯尼亚经济复苏 的核心。A.opposite对立;B.end结束;C.cost花费;D.heart心脏。根据上文“16 transport and employment opportunities are just two of the many 17 offer

37、ed by the SGR project, such as expanding access to markets, 18 business costs, opening up isolated areas, and increasing the competitiveness of local goods.”可知，中国建造的蒙巴萨一内罗毕标准 轨距铁路是肯尼亚经济复苏的核心。故选D。36、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:见第19题详解。A.process过程;B.discovery发 现;C.achievement成就;D.launch发射,启动。根据下文“on May 31, 20

38、17”可知，这里指铁 路启动开通的时间。故选D。37、答案：shortenedandstretcheslinkingacentralgrowthwas announced on/in its解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:从13世纪末到19世纪，随着最高段的建造和总长度的 缩短,运河成为中国南北之间的主要通道和国家的经济命脉。在with复合结构中，空处 应填非谓语动词作宾补,shorten和逻辑主语length之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填shortened。考查固定短语。句意同上。结合句意表达“在和之间“用between.and.o故填 ando考查时态。句意:运河由隋、唐大运河、京杭大运河和

39、浙东运河组成，全长2700多公 里,横跨八个省级行政区，连接五大水系。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现 在时，主语the Canal是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填stretches。考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处和上文crossing并列作状语，应用非谓语动词形式, 逻辑主语the Canal和link之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填linking0考查冠词。句意:大运河是古代中国人民的一项显著成就。achievement意为“成就”时 是可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且notable的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。 考查形容词。句意:其政治和经济中心的联系在中国

40、的政治团结、经济增长和文化繁 荣中发挥了核心作用，并为沿线人口的生计、交流和融合做出了贡献。修饰名词role应 用形容词central”核心的作定语。故填centralo考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词和上文the political unity以及下文cultural prosperity并列作介词in的宾语,growth“增长”是抽象名词，不可数。故填growtho 考查时态和语态。句意:大运河于2013年3月被国务院宣布为第七批国家级重点历 史文化保护遗址之一，并于2014年6月被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录。 空处和下文registered是并列的谓语动词，陈述过去的事情,且主语T

41、he Grand Canal和 announce之间是被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数,谓语动 词用单数。故填was announced。考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表达”在名录上“用on/in.list。故填on/in。考查代词。句意:这一大规模的、鲜活的文化遗产像一条巨龙一样在中国广袤的领土 上传播，在新时代，它的涟漪闪耀着金色的鳞片。修饰名词ripples应用形容词性物主代 词。故填its。38、答案:Today is Womens Day. Our school organized an activityrequired students to“ that /

42、whichdo four things for their mothers. After hearing the news, I immediately took action. First, I expressedhimmade a well-designed cardmy deep love for my mom. When I gave it to,exp res singhershe said it was the most precious gift shehavehadever received. In returnI kissed her onallbothvoluntarily

43、 washed all thedish . . aand cleaned dishesthetable. I also gave her a back massage tocheeks and whispered that she was the best mother in the world. After supper, Ideepease her tiredness. My mother wasmoved, not only by what I did but also by seeing“deeplyhow much I had grown up.39、答案：Dear Jack,Nic

44、e to receive your email. Here let me give you a brief introduction to the aesthetic education in our school.In my opinion, aesthetic education mainly refers to the learning and experiencing of art, music, drama, and dance. Our school attaches great importance to aesthetic education. Firstly, famous

45、calligraphy and paintings are posted everywhere, and we can feel beauty on the campus all the time. Secondly, there is a calligraphy and painting club, a dance club and a drama club in our school, where students can learn much knowledge. Finally, a campus art festival is held by our school every yea

46、r, providing opportunities for students to show their artistic talents.As the saying goes, seeing is believing. Welcome to our school for on-site inspection.Yours,Li Hua1、On which day is The Cable Car Museum not available?A. Saturday.B.Friday.C. Sunday.D.Monday.2、What is special about Alcatraz Islan

47、d?A.Easy access.B. Prison theme.C. Free admission.D. Excellent service.3、What could you enjoy in Musee Mecanique?A. Sweet popcorns.B.Packed items.C. Cable cars.D. Large balloons.The moonlight poured in through the windows, lighting the room. Oliver was sitting at the table, totally absorbed in his b

48、ook. Oliver was a book fan. He read books whenever he could. Grandma Agnes felt sorry for Oliver when she heard him talk enthusiastically about the books he read because they were poor. She knew the money she gave him for lunch was spent on those books instead.The next day, on the bus, Oliver was reading his storybook again when he heard a noise and raised his eyes. He saw the bus driver shouting at a blind older woman. She explained to the driver that her daughter was ill in hospital, and that she fo