大学英语三级阅读及答案.pdf

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1、三级阅读补充材料Passage 1Television has opened windows in everybody9s life.Young men will never againgo to war as they did in 1914.Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle.And the result has been a general dislike of war,and perhaps more interest in helpingthose who suffer from all the terri

2、ble things that have been shown on the screen.Television has also changed politics.The most distant areas can now follow stateaffairs,see and hear the politicians before an election.Better informed,people aremore likely to vote,and so to make their opinion count.Unfortunately,televisions influence h

3、as been extremely harmful to the young.Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unrealworld;that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless.They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable.All educators agreethat the tel

4、evision generations are more violent than their parents and grandparents.Also,the young are less patient.Used to TV shows,where everything is quickand interesting,they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures;toread a book that requires thinking;to listen to a teacher who doesnt

5、do funny thingslike the people on childrens programs.And they expect all problems to be solvedhappily in ten,fifteen,or thirty minutes.Thats the time it takes on the screen.1.In the past,many young p e o p l e.A.knew the effects of warB.went in for politicsC.liked to save the wounded in warsD.were w

6、illing to be soldiers2.Now with TV people can.A.discuss politics at an information centerB.show more interest in politicsC.make their own decisions on political affairsD.express their opinions freely3.The author thinks that TV a d v e rtise m e n ts.A.are not reliable on the wholeB.are useless to pe

7、opleC.are a good guide to adultsD.are very harmful to the young4.Which is NOT true according to the passage?A.People have become used to crimes now.B.With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly.C.People now like to read books with pictures.D.The adults are less violent than the young.5.From th

8、e passage,we can conclude t hat.A.children should keep away from TVB.TV programs should be improvedC.childrens books should have picturesD.TV has a deep influence on the youngPassage 2Nonverbal（非语言的）communication has to do with gestures,movements andcloseness of two people when they are talking.The

9、scientists say that those gestures,movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.For example,the body distance between two speakers can be important.NorthAmericans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend tostand close to the North American when speaking,while

10、 the South American oftenconsiders the North American to be cold or distant“because he keeps a greaterdistance between himself and the person he is speaking to.The“eye contact”provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication.Scientistshave observed that there is more eye conta

11、ct between people who like each other thanthere is between people who dont like each other.The length of time that the personwhom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he hasin the things you are talking about.On the other hand,too long a gaze can make people uncomf

12、ortable.The eyesapparently play a great part in nonverbal communication.Genuine warmth or interest,shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes.We do not always consider asmile to be a sign of friendliness.Someone who is always smiling,and with littleapparent reasons,often makes us uneasy.6.A

13、ccording to the passage,nonverbal c o m m u n ica tio n.A.is a method often used by people who cannot speakB.can tell something that words cannotC.can be used to talk with people who cannot bearD.is less used than words7.The South A m e r i c a n.A.tends to keep a distance between himself and the pe

14、rson he is speaking toB.usually stands close to the person he is talking toC.is often unfriendly when spoken toD.is often cold and distant when speaking8.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Less eye contact suggests distance in relation.B.The longer one looks at you,the more interest he has in you.

15、C.There is more eye contact between people who like each other.D.Shorter eye contact shows more interest in what one is talking about.9.Too long a g a z e.A.may upset people being looked atB.shows ones great confidenceC.indicates ones interest in the talkD.tells you how friendly one is10.Constant sm

16、iling without apparent r e a s o n.A.is a sign of ones friendlinessB.is a sign of ones unfriendlinessC.makes people feel happyD.makes people feel uncomfortablePassage 3In the United States elementary education begins at the age of six.At this stagenearly all the teachers are women,mostly married.The

17、 atmosphere is usually veryfriendly,and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is tomake the children happy and interested.The old authoritarian（要绝对服从的）methods of education were discredited（不被认可）rather a long time ago-so much sothat many people now think that they have gone

18、 too far in the direction of trying tomake children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction.The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea thathuman beings in a society need to work together for their common good.So theemphasis is on co-operation ra

19、ther than competition throughout most of this process.This may seem curious,in view of the fact that American society is highlycompetitive;however,the need for making people sociable in this sense has come tobe regarded as one of the functions of education.Most Americans do grow up withcompetitive i

20、deas,and obviously quite a few as criminals,but it is not fair to say thatthe educational system fails.It probably does succeed in making most people sociableand ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness andfriendliness.11.According to the passage,the U.S.elementary educat

21、ion is supposed to makec h i l d r e n.A.sensible and sensitiveB.competitive and interestedC.curious and friendlyD.happy and co-operative12.Some Americans complain about elementary schools because they thinkA.children are reluctant to help each otherB.schools lay too much emphasis on co-operationC.c

22、hildren should grow up with competitive ideasD.schools give little actual instruction to children13.The authors attitude towards American education can be best described asA.favorable B.negativeC.tolerant D.unfriendly14.The American educational system e m p h a s iz e s.A.material wealth B.competiti

23、on C.co-operation D.personalbenefit15.The word sociable”(Line 7,Paragraph2)most probably me a n s.A.fond of talking freelyB.friendly with other peopleC.concerned about social welfareD.happy at schoolPassage 4In the United States,30 percent of the adult population has a“weight problem”.To many people

24、,the cause is obvious:they eat too much.But scientific evidence doeslittle to support this idea.Going back to the America of the 1910s,we find that peoplewere thinner than today,yet they ate more food.In those days people worked harderphysically,walked more,used machines much less and didnt watch te

25、levision.Several modern studies,moreover,have shown that fatter people do not eat more onthe average than thinner people.In fact,some investigations,such as the 1979 studyof 3,545 London office workers,report that,on balance,fat people eat less thanslimmer people.Studies show that slim people are mo

26、re active than fat people.A study by aresearch group at Stanford University School of Medicine found the followinginteresting facts:The more the men ran,the more body fat they lost.The more they ran,the greater amount of food they ate.Thus,those who ran the most ate the most,yet lost the greatest am

27、ount of bodyfat.16.The physical problem that many adult Americans have is that.A.they are too slim B.they work too hardC.they are too fat D.they lose too much body fat17.According to the article,given 500 adult A m e ric a n s,p e o p le willhave a“weight problem.A.30 B.50 C.100 D.15018.Is there any

28、 scientific evidence to support that eating too much is the causeof a“weight problem?”A.Yes,there is plenty of evidence.B.Of course,there is some evidence to show this is true.C.There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.D.We dont know because the information is not given.19.In comparis

29、on with the adult American population today,the Americans ofthe 1 9 1 0 s.A.ate more food and had more physical activitiesB.ate less food but had more activitiesC.ate less food and had less physical exerciseD.had more weight problems20.Modern scientific researches have reported to us that.A.fat peop

30、le eat less food and are less activeB.fat people eat more food than slim people and are more activeC.fat people eat more food than slim people but are less activeD.thin people run less,but have greater increase in food intakePassage 5By adopting a few simple techniques,parents who read to their chil

31、dren cangreatly increase their childrens language development.It is surprising but true.Howparents talk to their children makes a big difference in the childrens languagedevelopment.If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent isreading,the childs language skills increase.

32、A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents.Half of thechildren participated in the experimental study;the other half acted as the controlgroup.In the experimental group,the parents were given a two-hour training sessionin which they were taught to ask open-ended questions rat

33、her than yes-or-no questions.For example,the parent should ask,“What is the doggie doing?rather than“Is thedoggie running away?”The parents in the experimental group were also instructed inhow to help children find answers,how to suggest alternative possibilities and how topraise correct answers.At

34、the beginning of the study,the children did not differ in measures of languagedevelopment,but at the end of one month,the children in the experimental groupshowed 5.5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal expression andvocabulary.Nine months later,the children in the experimental gro

35、up still showed anadvance of 6 months over the children in the control group.21.Which of the following can be infen ed from the passage?A.Children who talk a lot are more intelligent.B.Parents who listen to their children can teach them more.C.Active children should read more and be given more atten

36、tion.D.Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods.22.What does it”in line 2 can most probably be replaced by?A.Parents increasing childrens language developmentB.Reading techniques being simpleC.Parents reading to childrenD.Childrens intelligence development23.According to the author

37、,which of the following questions is the best typeto ask children about?A.Do you see the elephant?B.Is the elephant in the cage?C.What animals do you like?D.Shall we go to the zoo?24.The difference between the control group and the experimental group wasA.the training that parents receivedB.the age

38、of the childrenC.the books that were readD.the number of the children25.The best conclusion we can draw from the passage is t hat.A.parents should be trained to read to their childrenB.the more children read,the more intelligent they will becomeC.childrens language skills increase when they are requ

39、ired to respondactivelyD.children who read actively seem six months olderPassage 6The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things:theinvention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture.Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor

40、was scarce.uIn Europe”,said Thomas Jefferson,“the object is to make the most of their land,labor beingsufficient;here it is to make the most of our labor,land being abundant.It was inAmerica,therefore,that the great advances in nineteenth century agriculturalmachinery first came.At the opening of th

41、e century,with the exception of a crude（粗糙的）plow,farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural toolson their backs.By 1860,most of the machinery in use today had been designed in anearly form.The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow.As early as1890 Charl

42、es Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-ironplow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention.The farmers,However,would home none of it,claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weedsgrow.Nevertheless,many people devoted their attention to the plow,un

43、til in1869,James Oliver of South Bend,Indiana,turned out the first chilled steel plow.26.The word here(Para,1 ,Line 5)refers to.A.Europe B.America C.New Jersey D.Indiana27.Which of the following statement is NOT true?A.The need fbr labor helped the invention of machinery in AmericaB.The farmer rejec

44、ted Charles Newbolfs plow fbr fear of ruin of their fields.C.Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery.D.It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced.28.The passage is mainly a b o u t.A.the agriculture revolutionB.the invention of labor-saving machineryC.the deve

45、lopment of scientific agricultureD.the farming machinery in America29.At the opening of the nineteenth century,fanners in A m e r i c a.A.preferred light toolsB.were extremely self-reliant(自给的)C.had many toolsD.had very few tools30.It is implied but not stated in the passage t ha t.A.there was a sho

46、rtage of workers on American farmsB.the most important of the early invention was the iron plowC.after 1869,many people devoted their attention to the plowD.Charles Newbolt had made a fortune by his cast-iron plowPassage 7Human needs seem endless.When a hungry man gets a meal,he begins to thinkabout

47、 an overcoat,when a manager gets a new sports car,a big house and pleasureboats dance into view.The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs,another level appears.The first and most basic level of needs involves food

48、.Once this level issatisfied,the second level of needs,clothing and some sort of shelter,appears.By theend of World War II,these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans.Then a third level appeared.It included such items as automobiles and new houses.By 1957 or 1958 this third level of

49、 needs was fairly well satisfied.Then,in thelate 1950s,a fourth level of needs appeared:the“liffeenriching“level.While the otherlevels involve physical satisfaction,that is,the feeding,comfort,safety,andtransportation,this level stresses mental needs for recognition,achievement,andhappiness.It inclu

50、des a variety of goods and services,many of which could be called“luxury“items.Among them are vacation trips,the best medical and dental care,andrecreation.Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.On the fourth level,a lot of money is spent on services,while on the first