冀教小学英语语法总结及练习.pdf

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1、冀教小学英语语法总结及练习一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2.以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾 力 口-es,次 H：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3 .以“辅音字母y 结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4 .以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe为 v,再加一 e s,如:knife-knives Leaf-leaves5 .不规则名词复数：man-men,wo

2、man-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I him this_her _watch child photo_diary _day foot bookdress _tooth sheep boxstrawberrypeach sandwichdish busman woman二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍No.1 一般现在

3、时的功能L表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The skyis blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get upat six every day.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes aroundthe sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成L b e动 词：主 语be(am,is,are)其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语 行为动词(其它)。如：W e study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(h e,s h e,i t)时，要在动词后加“-s 或“-e s 。如:M a r y l

4、i k e sC h i ne s e .玛丽喜欢汉语。N o.2 一般现在时的变化1 .b e 动词的变化。否定句：主 语 b e n o t 其它。如：H e i s not a wor k e r.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be主语其它。如：-A r e you a s t u d e nt?-Y e s.I a m./N o,I*m not.非凡疑问句：疑问词一般疑问句。如：W h e r ei s m y b i k e?2 .行为动词的变化。否定句：主 语 d on t(d oe s n t )动词原形(其它)。如：I d on t l i k e b r e a d.当主语为第三人

5、称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesn*t often play.一般疑问句：Do(Does)主语动词原形其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，鲫does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.动 词 s 的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2.以 s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾,加-es,如：guess-guesses,wash-washe

6、s,watch-watches,go-goes3 .以“辅音字母y 结尾，变 v 为 i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练：一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink g o staymake_look have passcarrycome watch plantf l y _study brush doteach_wash_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He o f t e n(h a v e)dinner at home.2.Daniel and T o m m y(b e)in ClassOne.3.We(n o t watch)TV on Monday.

7、4.Ni c k(n o t go)to the zoo onSunday.5.t h e y(l i k e)the WorldCup?6.What they o f t e n(d o)onSaturdays?7.y our p a r e n t s(r e a d)newspapers every day?8.The g i r l(t e a c h)us English onSundays.9.She and I(take)a walktogether every evening.10.T h e r e(b e)some water in thebottle.11.M i k e

8、(l i k e)cooking.12.They(have)the same hobby.13.My a u n t(l o o k)after her babycarefully.14.You a l w a y s(d o)your homeworkwell.15.I(be)ill.I*m staying inbed.16.S h e(g o)to school from Mondayto Friday.17.Liu T a o(d o)not like PE.18.The child o f t e n(w a t c h)TV inthe evening.19.Su Hai and S

9、u Ya ng(have)eight lessons this term.20.-What d a y(b e)it today?-I f s Saturday三、现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为b e动词 ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意b e主 语 动 词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意b e动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加ing,如Co

10、ok-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加in g,如：make-making,taste-tasting3.假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加in g,如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play run swim_ make_go like write_skiread have sing_ dance_put see buylove_live take comeget_stop sitbegin shop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：l.The boy(draw)apicture now.

11、2.Listen.Some girls(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What you(do)now?5.Look.They(have)anEnglish lesson.6.They(not,water)theflowers now.7.Look!the girls(dance)in theclassroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She(listen)to music.9.It*s 5 o*clock now.We(have)supper now10.H

12、elen(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.四、将来时理论及练习一、概 念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时 间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year)，soon,the day aftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构：be going to do；will do.三、否定句：在 be动 词(am,is,are)1后加not或情态动词will后加not成won,to例 如：工 m going to have a picnic thisafternoon.一 工 m not going to ha

13、ve apicnic this afternoon.四、同义句：be going to=willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).二工 will go swimming tomorrow.练 习：填空。1 .我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I h a ve a p i c ni cwi t h m y f r i e nd s.I h a ve a p i c ni c wi t h m y f r i e nd s.2 .我们将要学习英语W e l e a r n E ng l i s h.W e l e a r n E ng l i s h.五、一般过去

14、时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2.B e 动词在一般过去时中的变化：a m和 i s 在一般过去时中变为wa S o(wa snot=wa s n,t)a r e 在一般过去时中变为we r e。(we r enot=we r e n,t)3.句 中没有b e 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：d i d n t动词原形，如：Ji m d i d n tgo home yesterday.动词过去式变化规则：1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：work-worked,cook-cooked2.结尾是 e 力

15、 口 d,如：live lived3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed,如：stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母v”结尾的，变y为i,再力 一e d,如：study-studied5.不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew

16、,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isWam plant aredrink play gomake_does danceworry asktaste eat putkick pass doBe动词的过去时练习Q)Name N o.D a t e一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I at school just now.2.H e at the camp last week.3.W e students two years ago.4.They on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling eleven years

17、 oldlast year.6.There an apple on the plateyesterday.7.There some milk in the fridgeon Sunday.8.The mobile phone on the sofayesterday evening.一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I an English teacher now.2.S h e happy yesterday.3.They glad to see each otherlast month.行为动词的过去时练习(2)Name N o.D a t e一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I(watch)

18、a cartoon on Saturday.2.Her f a t h e r(r e a d)a newspaperlast night.3.W e to zoo yesterday,weto the park.(go)4.y o u(v i s i t)yourrelatives last Spring Festival?5.he (fly)a kite onSunday?Yes,he.6.Gao S h a n(p u l l)up carrotslast National Day holiday.7.I(sweep)the flooryesterday,but my m o t h e

19、 r.8.What she(find)in thegarden last morning?She(find)a beautiful butterfly.六、人称代词和物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性I me my mineyou you youryourshe him his hisshe her her hersitit its itswe us our oursthey them theirtheirs习题一.用所给词的适当形式填空1.That is not kite.That kiteis very small,but is very big.(I)2.The dress is.Give

20、it to.(she)3.Is this watch?(you)No,it,s not.(I)4.i s my brother.name is Jack.Look!Those stamps are_.(he)二、用 am,is,are 填空1.I a b o y.y o u a boy?No,I not.2.The girl Jacks sister.3.The d o g tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes a teacher.5.y our brother in the classroom?6.Where your mother?She athome.

21、7.H o w your father?8.Mike and Liu Tao at school.9.Whose dress this?10.Whose socks they?小学英语六年级语法训练语法及练习1 b e动词B e动词的用法：(1)Am-was Is-was Are-were 口 诀：我用a m,你用are,i s用在他她它，复数全用are。(2)肯定和否定句 I am(not)from London.He is(not)a teacher.She is(not)in thedining room.My hair is(not)long.Hereyes are(not)small

22、.(3)一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese?Yes,youare.No,you aren*t.Are they American?Yes,they are.No,they aren*t.Is thecat fat?Yes,it is.No,it isn*t.用恰当的be动词填空。1.I a b o y.y o u a boy?No,I not.2.The girl Jack*s sister.3.The d o g tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes ateacher.5.y our brother in the classroom?6.Where

23、your mother?She athome.7.H o w your father?8.Mike and Liu Tao at school.9.Whose dress this?10.Whose socks they?11.That my red skirt.12.Who I?13.The jeans on the desk.14.Here a scarf for you.15.Here some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves for Su Yang.17.This pair of gloves for YangLing.18.The two c

24、ups of milk for me.19.Some t e a in the glass.20.Gao shan s shirt over there.21.My sister*s name Nancy.22.This not Wang Fangs pencil.23.David and Helen from England?24.There a girl in the room.25.There some apples on the tree.26.there any kites in theclassroom?27.there any apple juice in thebottle?2

25、8.There some bread on theplate.29.There a boy,two girls,threemen and ten women in the park.30.You,he and I from China.语法及练习2人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词1.人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2.物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。1.That is n o t kite.That kiteis very small,but is

26、 very big.(I)2.The dress is.Give it to.(she)3.Is th is watch?(you)No,it,s not.(I)4.is my brother.nameis Jack.Look!Those stamps are(he)5.d resses are red.(we)Whatcolour are?(you)6._ Here are many dolls,which one is_?(she)7._ I can find my toy,but where*s_?(you)8.Show your kite,OK?(they)9.I have a bea

27、utiful cat.nameis Mimi.These cakes are.(it)10.Are these tickets?No,are not.area*t here.(they)11.Shallhave a look at that classroom?That is classroom.(we)12.is my aunt.Do you knowjob?a nurse.(she)13.That is n o t camera.is at home.(he)14.Where are?I can t find.Let*s call parents.(they)15.Don t touch.

28、not a cat,a tiger!16.sister is ill.Please goand get.(she)17.don t know her name.Wouldyou please tell.(we)18.So many dogs.Let*s count.(they)19.I have a lovely brother.isonly 3.I like very much.(he)20.May I sit beside?(you)21.Look at that desk.Those book are on.(it)22.The girl behind is ourfriend,(she

29、)语法及练习3名词复数和动词三单一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾 加一 es,如 bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3 .以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4 .以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe为 v,再力 一 e s,如：knife-knives5.不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,po

30、liceman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese练 习：写出下列各词的复数。I h i m thisher watchbook_child photo diaryday footdress tooth sheepbox strawberrythief yo-yo peachsandwichman woman paperpeople_二.动词三单的变化规则

31、1.一般情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2.以 s.x.sh.ch.o 结尾，加-e s,如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies练习：写出下列动词的第三人称单数。drink g o staymake lookha ve pass carrycome watchpl ant flys t udy brushteach语法及练习4 一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能L表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：T

32、h e s k yi s b l u e.天空是蓝色的。2 .表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I g e t u pa t s i x e v e r y d a y.我每天六点起床。3 .表示客观现实。如：T h e e a r t h g o e s a r o u n dt h e s u n.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1 .b e 动词:主语+b e(a m,i s,a r e)+其它。如：I a m a b o y.我是一个男孩。2 .行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:W e s t u d y E n g l i s h.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,

33、it)时，要在动词后加“-s或“-es。如:Mary likesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Are youa student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereis my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don*t(doesn,t)+动词原形(+其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt o

34、ften play.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+苴它如：-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，哪does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesn*t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoes your father go to work?一般现在时用法专练：一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He o f t e n(h a v e)dinner athome.2.Daniel and T o

35、 m m y(b e)in ClassOne.3.We(not watch)TV on Monday.4.N i c k(n o t go)to the zoo onSunday.5.t h e y(l i k e)the WorldCup?6.What they o f t e n(d o)onSaturdays?7.y our p a r e n t s(r e a d)newspapers every day?8.The g i r l(t e a c h)us English onSundays.9.She and I(t a k e)a walktogether every even

36、ing.10.T h e r e(b e)some water in thebottle.11.M i k e(l i k e)cooking.12.T h e y(h a v e)the same hobby.13.My a u n t(l o o k)after her babycarefully.14.You a l w a y s(d o)your homeworkwell.15.I(be)ill.I*m staying inbed.16.S h e(g o)to school from Mondayto Friday.17.Liu T a o(d o)not like PE.18.T

37、he child o f t e n(w a t c h)TV inthe evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang(have)eight lessons this term.20.-What d a y(b e)it today?-It,s Saturday.二、按照要求改写句子。1.Daniel watches TV every evening.（改为否定句）2.I do my homework every day.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）3.She likes milk.（改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答）_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

38、_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _4.Amy likes playing computer games.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）5.W e go to school every morning.（改为否定句）6.He speaks English very w ell.（改为否定句）7.I like taking photos in the park.（对划线部分提问）8.John comes from Canada.（对划线部分提问）9.She is always a good student.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）10.Simon and Daniel like

39、goingskating.（改为否定句）三 改错（划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上）1.Is your brother speak English?2.Does he likes going fishing?3.He likes play games after class.4.Mr.W u teachs us English.5.She don t do her homework on Sundays.语法及练习5现在进行时现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3.现在进行

40、时的否定句在be后加not。4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主 语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词 ing?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加ing,如Cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加in g,如：make-making,taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加in g,如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：pl ay run swimmake g

41、ol i ke write skiread havesin g _dance put see_ buy_love_l i ve take come_ get_stop sitbegin shop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：l.The boy(draw)apicture now.2.Listen.Some girls(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What you(do)now?5.Look.They(have)anEnglish lesson.6.They(not,water)theflowers

42、 now.7.Look!the girls(dance)in theclassroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing?She(listen)to music.9.It s 5 o*clock now.W e(have)supper now10.Hel en(wash)clothes?Yes,she is.三、句型转换：1.They are doing housework,(分另L l 改成一般疑问句和否定句)2.The students are cleaning theclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）3.T m p l a y i n

43、 g t h e f o o t b a l l i n t h ep l a y g r o u n d.（对划线部分进行提问）4.T o m i s r e a d i n g b o o k s i n h i s s t u d y .（对划线部分进行提问）语法及练习6将来时将来时一、概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、结 构：be going to+do；will+do.三、否定句：在 be动 词(

44、am,is,are)1后加not或情态动词will后加not成won to例 如：工 m going to have a picnic thisafternoon.-I*m not going to have apicnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或 will提至U句首，some改为any,and改为 o r,第一二人称互换。例 如：We are going to go on an outing thisweekend.-Are you going to go on anouting this weekend?五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三

45、种情况。1.问人。Who 例 如：1 m going to New Yorksoon.一Who s going to New York soon.2.问干什么。What do.例 如：My fatheris going to watch a race with me thisafternoon.一What is your father going todo with you this afternoon.3.问什么时候。When.例如：She s going togo to bed at nine.一When is she going tobed?六、同义句：be going to=willI

46、 am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.二工 will go swimming tomorrow.练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I have a picnicwith my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打篮球。What_next Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday?I play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。your mother goshopping this

47、?Yes,she_.She _buy some fru it.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time you_ meet?改句子。5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy going to go camping.6.I*11 go and join t h e m.（改否定）I go join them.7.I*m going to get up at 6：3 0 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）to get up at6：3 0 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10：3 0.（改一般疑问句

48、）meet at the bus stop at10：3 0.9.She is going to listen to music afterschool.(对划线部分提问)_s h e _after school?10.My father and mother are going to seea play the day after tomorrow.(同上)going to see a playthe day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Today is a sunny day.We_(have)a picnic thisafternoon.12.My bro

49、ther(go)toShanghai next week.13.Tom often(go)toschool on foot.But today is rain.He(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends?I u s u a l l y(w a t c h)TV and(catch)insects?15.It*s Friday today.What she(do)this weekend?She(watch)TV and(catch)insects.16.What(dO)you do lastSunday?I(pic

50、k)apples ona farm.What(do)next Sunday?I_(milk)cows.17.M a r y(v i s i t)hergrandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao(fly)kites inthe playground yesterday.1 9.David(give)a p u p p e ts h o w n e x t M o n d a y.2 0.I(p l a n)f o r m ys t u d y n o w.语法及练习7 一般过去时一般过去时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般