高考英语复习精品语法课件-定语从句.ppt

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1、专题十专题十 定语从句定语从句 专题专题十十定语从句定语从句专题十专题十 专题导读专题导读定定语语从从句句考考查查的的重重点点是是关关系系副副词词与与关关系系代代词词的的区区分分及及“介介词词关关系系代代词词”型型的的定定语语从从句句，其其中中对对as，which，whose用用法法的的考考查查也也比比较较多多。考考查查方方式式由由知知识识结结构构的的单单一一性性向向综综合合性性、交交叉叉性性转转变变；由由重重点点考考查查关关系系代代词词向向“介介词词关关系系代代词词”以以及及关关系系副副词词转转变变。学学习习时时尤尤其其要要注注意意以以下下两两种种定定语语从从句句：1.使使用用where而而

2、非非“地地点点”型型定定语语从从句句。定定语语从从句句的的先先行行词词是是mark,situation,case,point,scene,business等等名名词词而而且且从从句句缺缺少少状状语语时时，要要使使用用where表表示示“一一种种特特定定的的情情况况”或或“一一个个特特定定的的场场合合”。2.“分分裂裂”型型定定语语从从句句。即即运运用用插插入入语语、介介词词、副副词词短短语语等等手手段段使使先先行词远离关系代词或关系副词，以达到增加试题难度的效果。行词远离关系代词或关系副词，以达到增加试题难度的效果。2012年对定语从句考查将会继续遵循上述考点。年对定语从句考查将会继续遵循上述

3、考点。专题导读专题导读专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例（）1.2011全全国国卷卷Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt，_ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.Athis BthatCwhat Dwhich【解解析析】D本本题题考考查查非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句。which代代表表前前面面的的整整个个句句子子的的内内容容，指指特特德德只只穿穿短短裤裤和和T恤恤衫衫来来度度周周末末这这件件事事。this和和that均均构构成成单单句句，逗逗号号不不能能连连接接

4、两两个个单单句句；what不不是关系代词，不引导定语从句。是关系代词，不引导定语从句。真题典例真题典例专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例 （）2.2011安安徽徽卷卷 Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator，_it will keep for two or three weeks.Awhen Bwhich Cwhere Dwhile【解解析析】C考考查查定定语语从从句句。首首先先注注意意本本句句中中的的keep表表示示“（食食物物）保保持持不不坏坏”，如如：Finish off the pieit wont keep.（把把馅馅

5、饼饼吃吃了了吧吧搁搁不不住住。）；其其次次从从句句的的主主语语it指指代代的的是是Whatever is left over（剩剩下下的的任任何何东东西西），从从句句的的全全句句为为：Whatever is left over will keep for two or three weeks in the refrigerator.先先行行词词为为refrigerator，在在从从句句中中作作地地点点状状语语，故故选选C。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例（）3.2011北北京京卷卷 Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，_

6、，of course,made all the others upset.Awho Bwhich Cwhat Dthat【解解析析】B考考查查定定语语从从句句的的关关系系词词。去去掉掉干干扰扰成成分分of course后后，题题干干会会更更清清晰晰。可可以以看看出出，使使大大家家不不安安的的是是前前面面所所说说的的事事情情，即即：Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，代代替替前前面面所所说说的的一一件件事事情情，要要用用which引引导导的的非非限限制性定语从句。制性定语从句。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例（）4.201

7、1福福建建卷卷 She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students_ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A.which B.where C.what D.who【解解析析】A本本题题考考查查定定语语从从句句。句句意意：她她具具有有给给学学生生创创设设一一种种允允许许他他们们自自由由交交流流的的氛氛围围的的天天赋赋。分分析析句句子子结结构构可可知知，定定语语从从句句“_allows them to communicate freely with each other

8、”修修饰饰先先行行词词atmosphere，将将先先行行词词代代入入从从句句后后为为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other.由由此此可可知知先先行行词词在在定定语语从从句句中中作作主主语语，而而且且指指代代物物，所所以以须用关系代词须用关系代词which，故正确答案为，故正确答案为A项。项。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例（）5.2011湖湖南南卷卷 Julie was good at German,French and Russian,all of _ she spoke fluently.Awho B

9、whom Cwhich Dthat【解解析析】C本本题题考考查查非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句。分分析析句句子子结结构构可可知知“all of _”引引导导非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，修修饰饰指指代代物物的的“German,French and Russian”，故故排排除除A、B两两项项，又又根根据据that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选C。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例 （）6.2011江江西西卷卷 She showed the visitors around the museum,the construction_ had taken more th

10、an three years.Afor which Bwith which Cof which Dto which【解解析析】C考考查查定定语语从从句句。句句意意为为：她她带带参参观观者者在在博博物物馆里到处参观，这家博物馆的建设花了三年多时间。馆里到处参观，这家博物馆的建设花了三年多时间。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例 （）（）7.2011全国卷全国卷 The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.Athat Bwhich Cwhose Dwhat【解析解析】C本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。本空在定本题考

11、查定语从句引导词的用法。本空在定语从句中作语从句中作story的定语，因此用的定语，因此用 whose。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例 （）8.2011山山东东卷卷 The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.Athey Bwhere Cwhat Dthat【解解析析】D本本题题考考查查定定语语从从句句。从从结结构构判判断断，houses后后面面是一个定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，因此用是一个定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，因此用that引导。引导。专题十专题十 真题典例真题

12、典例 （）9.2011陕陕西西卷卷 I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.Awhich Bwhere Cwho Dthat【解解析析】B考考查查定定语语从从句句。分分析析句句子子成成分分可可知知，此此处处为为非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，先先行行词词是是the top of the hill，在在此此处处指指地地点点，关关系系词词在在从从句句中中作作地地点点状状语语，故故用用关关系系副副词词where，选选B。其其余余选项与题意不符。选项与题意不符

13、。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例 （）10.2011四四 川川 卷卷 The school shop,_customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.Awhich Bwhose Cwhen Dwhere 【解解析析】B本本题题考考查查定定语语从从句句。此此处处是是whose引引导导的的非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，在在定定语语从从句句中中作作customers的的定定语语。句句意意为为“这这个学校商店个学校商店其顾客大多是学生其顾客大多是学生因此放假就关门了。因此放假就关门了。”专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例 （）11.2

14、011天天津津卷卷 The days are gone_ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.Awhen Bthat Cwhere Dwhich【解解析析】A考考查查定定语语从从句句的的关关系系词词。解解题题时时要要注注意意，关关系系词词和和先先行行词词被被are gone隔隔离离。引引导导一一个个定定语语从从句句，代代替替表表示示时时间间的的先先行行词词the days，在在从从句句中中作作时时间间状状语语，所所以以要要用用关关系系副副词词when。句意为：全靠体力谋生的日子已经一去不复返了。句意为：全靠体力谋生的日子已

15、经一去不复返了。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例 （）12.2011浙浙江江卷卷 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of _uses it somewhat differently.Awhich Bwhat Cthem Dthose【解解析析】A考考查查定定语语从从句句。本本句句中中的的先先行行词词是是several diverse cultures，在在从从句句中中作作of的的宾宾语语，所所以以应应用用关关系系代代词词which。专题十专题十 真题典例真题典例 （）13.2011浙浙 江江 卷卷 A ba

16、nk is the place_ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.Awhen Bthat Cwhere Dthere 【解解析析】C考考查查定定语语从从句句。本本句句中中的的先先行行词词是是the place，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。专题十专题十 新题预测新题预测 （）1.The small town is just the one you know _ I used to wor

17、k when I was young.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhere【解解析析】D考考查查定定语语从从句句。分分析析语语境境逻逻辑辑和和句句子子结结构构可可知知，先先行行词词the one在在从从句句中中作作地地点点状状语语，因因此此该该空空应应填填where引引导导的的定定语语从从句句。做做题题时时应应注注意意先先行行词词与与定定语语从从句句之之间间出出现现的的插插入语入语you know。新题预测新题预测专题十专题十 新题预测新题预测 （）2.The hardships of my early life constantly remind me to provide t

18、he best environment for my son，_，I have to admit,may result in a little spoiling（溺溺爱爱）.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwho【解解析析】B考考查查定定语语从从句句。I have to admit作作插插入入语语，which在在此此引引导导非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，充充当当从从句句的的主主语语，代代指指前前面句子的内容。由此可以排除其他选项。面句子的内容。由此可以排除其他选项。专题十专题十 新题预测新题预测 （）3.As a result of our serious staff shorta

19、ges,the situation has risen _ we have to hire graduating college students for help.Athat Bwhen Cwhere DAs【解解析析】C考考查查定定语语从从句句。把把从从句句补补充充完完整整：We have to hire graduating college students for help in the situation，可可以以看看出出，先先行行词词为为the situation在在从从句句中中作作状状语语，故故用用关关系系副副词词where，因此答案为，因此答案为C。专题十专题十 新题预测新题预

20、测 （）4.As soon as you get home from school,think about the order _ you will do homework and how much time you will spend on each one.Aof which Bin which Cthrough which Dat which 【解解析析】B考考查查定定语语从从句句。此此题题从从搭搭配配入入手手，inorder意为意为“按照按照顺序顺序”，此题即可迎刃而解。，此题即可迎刃而解。专题十专题十 新题预测新题预测 （）5.Believe it or not,my sister

21、 and I are twins.Oh,you must have had the case_ you were mistaken for your sister.Awhich Bwhose Cwhere Dwhom【解解析析】C考考查查定定语语从从句句。语语意意表表示示“你你肯肯定定有有过过你你被被误误认认为为是是你你姐姐姐姐的的情情况况”。where you were taken for your sister是是定定语语从从句句，修修饰饰先先行行词词the ease，表表示示的的是是抽抽象象地地点点，where可用可用in which替换。替换。专题十专题十 新题预测新题预测 （）6.W

22、hat does the notice say?All the storytellers should meet at the same hall _ won the first three prizes.Awhat Bas Cwho Dwhich【解解析析】C考考查查定定语语从从句句。根根据据句句法法，这这是是个个分分隔隔式式定定语语从从句句，从从句句“_won the first three prizes”缺缺少少主主语语，先先行行词词“All the storytellers”指指人人，所所以以用用关关系系代代词词who或或that，且不能省略。且不能省略。专题十专题十 新题预测新题预测

23、 （）（）7.We stayed in a quiet hotel,_.Anext to it was a thick wood Bnext to which was a thick wood Cnext to it there was a thick wood Dnext to which a thick wood was【解解析析】B考考查查定定语语从从句句和和倒倒装装。句句意意：我我们们居居住住在在一一个个安安静静的的旅旅馆馆，旅旅馆馆附附近近是是一一片片茂茂密密的的树树林林。后后半半句句是是定定语语从从句，句中的句，句中的which代指代指hotel，从句用倒装。，从句用倒装。专题十专

24、题十 新题预测新题预测 （）8.The beautiful village，_ we spent our holiday last month,lies at the foot of a mountain.Awhat Bthat Cwhich Dwhere【解解析析】D考考查查定定语语从从句句。先先行行词词the beautiful village表表地地点点，定定语语从从句句we spent our holiday last month中中缺缺少少状状语语，所所以应用关系副词以应用关系副词where。专题十专题十 新题预测新题预测 （）9.We hope the measures to control house prices,_ are taken by the government,will succeed.Awhich Bthat Cwhat Das【解解析析】A考考查查定定语语从从句句。which 引引导导非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，修饰先行词修饰先行词 the measures,which 在从句中作主语。在从句中作主语。