高考英语全国专用考前三个月课件：专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步 题型突破（十）.pptx

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1、1.细节理解题 2.推理判断题 3.主旨大意题 4.词义猜测题 5.文章结构题 五类题型 分类突破专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步A(2017内蒙古赤峰二中模拟内蒙古赤峰二中模拟)It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time.This is because food attracts germs；germs produce acid，and acid hurts your teeth and gums.Flossing(使使用用牙牙线线)helps to remove the food tha

2、t gets stuck between your teeth.This explains why flossing helps to keep your mouth healthy，but some doctors say that flossing can also be good for your heart.题型突破(十)主旨大意之文章或段落大意题It may seem strange that something you do for your teeth can have any effect on your heart.Doctors have come up with a fe

3、w ideas about how flossing works to keep your heart healthy.One idea is that the germs that hurt your teeth can leave the mouth and travel into your blood.Germs that get into the blood can then attack your heart.Another idea is based on the fact that when there are too many germs in your mouth，the b

4、ody tries to fight against these germs.For some reason，the way the body fights these mouth germs may end up weakening the heart overtime.Not every doctor agrees about these ideas.Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence.The incidence(发

5、发生生率率)of two or more events is completely random，as they do not admit of any reliable cause and effect relationship between them.For example，every time I wash my car，it rains.This does not mean that when I wash my car，I somehow change the weather.This is only a coincidence.Similarly，some doctors thi

6、nk that people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have heart problems，and people who have good flossing habits just happen to have healthy hearts.The theory that flossing your teeth helps to keep your heart healthy might not be true.But every doctor agrees that flossing is a great way

7、to keep your teeth healthy.So even if flossing does not help your heart，it is true to help your teeth.This is enough of a reason for everyone to floss their teeth every day.语语篇篇解解读读文文章章主主要要讲讲述述了了使使用用牙牙线线对对牙牙齿齿有有好好处处，但但是是否否对对心心脏脏有有好好处处还还存存在在异异议议。医医生生建建议议：即即使使使使用用牙牙线线对对心心脏脏没没有有好好处处，也也应应该该天天天天使用牙线保持牙齿清

8、洁。使用牙线保持牙齿清洁。语篇解读1.From the passage，we know that .A.food stuck between your teeth may hurt your teethB.all of the doctors agree that flossing is good for your heartC.doctors judgment about flossing is based on medical researchD.not every doctor thinks flossing helps to keep your teeth healthy答案解析231

9、解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段前前两两句句可可知知，长长时时间间让让食食物物停停留留在在牙牙缝缝中中是是有有害害的的，这这是是因因为为食食物物能能吸吸引引细细菌菌，细细菌菌会会产产生生酸酸，腐腐蚀蚀你你的的牙齿，故选牙齿，故选A项。项。42.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 is to .A.provide an exampleB.make a comparisonC.introduce a new topicD.develop the previous statement答案解析解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据画画线线句句

10、中中的的not every doctor和和上上文文出出现现的的some doctors say.可以判断，此处是为了拓展前面的论述。故选可以判断，此处是为了拓展前面的论述。故选D项。项。23143.Which of the following best states the main idea of the last paragraph?A.It is a fact that flossing can help your heart as well as your teeth.B.There is no good reason to believe that flossing will he

11、lp your heart.C.Because doctors find flossing wont help your heart，it is useless to floss.D.Even if flossing is only good for your teeth，you should still do it every day.答案解析解解析析段段落落大大意意题题。根根据据最最后后一一段段提提到到剔剔牙牙能能保保持持你你的的心心脏脏健健康康这这一一理理论论可可能能是是不不正正确确的的，但但医医生生同同意意剔剔牙牙能能保保证证牙牙齿齿的的健健康康，因因此此即即使使剔剔牙牙不不能能有有助

12、助于于你你的的心心脏脏，肯肯定定能能保保护护你你的的牙牙齿齿，这这就就是是每每天天剔剔牙牙的的重重要要原原因因。故故选选D项。项。23144.Which is the best title for the passage?A.Flossing by CoincidenceB.How to Keep Your Teeth HealthyC.Flossing Habits and Healthy HeartsD.Why Doctors Disagree About Flossing答案解析解解析析标标题题归归纳纳题题。本本文文提提到到经经过过研研究究，剔剔牙牙与与保保持持心心脏脏健健康康之之间间有

13、有没没有有必必然然的的联联系系不不确确定定，但但剔剔牙牙能能保保护护牙牙齿齿的的健健康康，这这是是可可以以肯肯定定的的。故选故选C项。项。2314B(2017黑龙江哈尔滨六中期末黑龙江哈尔滨六中期末)In cities with rent control，the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord(房房东东)can charge for an apartment.Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in the ap

14、artment.Their rent cannot increase；therefore，they are not in danger of losing their homes.However，the critics say that after a long time，rent control may have negative effects.Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits.Therefore，they invest in other businesses where they can increase the

15、ir profits.They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled.As a result，new apartments are not built.Many people who need apartments cannot find any.According to the critics，the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some experts argue that the mini

16、mum wage law can cause problems in the same way.The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers.The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled，low-paying jobs.However，if the minimum is high，employers may hire fewer workers.They will replace workers with machinery

17、.Therefore，other things being equal，the number of workers that employers want decreases.Thus，critics hold the opinion that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage

18、say that it helps people keep their dignity.Because of the law，workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum.Furthermore，employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.Economic theory predicts the results of economic decision，such as decisions about farm production，rent

19、 control，and the minimum wage.The predictions may be corrected only if“other things are equal”.”.Economists do not agree on some of the predictions.They also do not agree on the value of different decisions.Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it.Economists do agree，h

20、owever，that there are no simple answers to economic questions.语篇解读语篇解读本文主要讲了政府对经济的宏观调控可能产生的结果。本文主要讲了政府对经济的宏观调控可能产生的结果。语篇解读5.There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may .A.cause a shortage of apartmentsB.worry those who rent apartments as homesC.increase the profits of landlordsD.encourage

21、 landlords to invest in building apartments答案解析6758解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段最最后后一一句句“According to the critics，the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.”可可知知，房租管制可能导致的结果就是城市住房的短缺，故选房租管制可能导致的结果就是城市住房的短缺，故选A。6.We can safely say that rent control .A.will always benefit thos

22、e who rent apartmentsB.is unnecessaryC.will probably bring inactive effects in the long runD.is necessary under all conditions解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第一一段段内内容容可可知知限限制制房房租租会会带带来来一一系系列列的的影影响响，从长远来看会导致公寓数量的不足，以及一些其他的消极影响。故选从长远来看会导致公寓数量的不足，以及一些其他的消极影响。故选C。答案解析67587.There will be the problem of unemployment

23、if .A.the minimum wage is set too highB.the minimum wage is set too earlyC.the workers are unskilledD.the maximum wage is set for poor workers解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第二二段段内内容容可可知知，如如果果设设定定的的最最低低工工资资过过高高，会会导导致致企企业业不不去去雇雇用用更更多多的的人人，而而借借助助于于机机器器，那那样样就就会会有有更更多多的的人人失业。故选失业。故选A。答案解析67588.The passage tells us

24、about .A.the relationship between supply and demandB.the possible results of government controlsC.the necessity of government controlD.the urgency of getting rid of government control答案解析解解析析主主旨旨大大意意题题。本本文文以以房房租租管管制制，最最低低工工资资的的上上调调为为例例，阐阐述述了了政府对经济的宏观调控可能出现的结果。故选政府对经济的宏观调控可能出现的结果。故选B。6758C(2017辽宁鞍山一中

25、一模辽宁鞍山一中一模)Donald John Trump，born on June 14,1946，is an American businessman.As the Republic Partys nominee for president in the 2016 election，he defeated Hillary Clinton in the general election on November 8,2016.Trump is the chairman and president of The Trump Organization，which is the principal h

26、olding company for his real estate(房房地地产产)ventures and other business interests.During his career，Trump has built office towers，hotels，casinos，golf courses，and other branded facilities worldwide.Trump was born and raised in New York City and received a bachelors degree in economics from the Wharton

27、School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1968.In 1971 he was given control of his father Fred Trumps real estate and construction firm and later renamed it The Trump Organization.Trump has appeared at the Moss USA pageants，which he owned from 1996 to 2015，and has made cameo(配配角角)appearances in fi

28、lms and television series.He sought the Reform Party presidential nomination(提提名名)in 2000，but withdrew before voting began.He hosted and co-produced The Apprentice，a reality television series on NBC，from 2004 to 2015.As of 2016，he was listed by Forbes as the 324th wealthiest person in the world，and

29、156th in the United States.In June 2015，Trump announced his candidacy(候候选选人人资资格格)for president as a Republican and quickly emerged as the front runner for his partys nomination.In May 2016，his remaining Republican rivals suspended(暂暂停停)their campaigns，and in July he was formally nominated for presid

30、ent at the 2016 Republican National Convention.Trumps campaign has received unprecedented media coverage and international attention.Many of his statements in interviews，on Twitter，and at campaign rallies(集集会会)have been controversial or false.Several rallies during the primaries were accompanied by

31、protests or riots.语语篇解读篇解读本文主要介绍了美国的新任总统特朗普。本文主要介绍了美国的新任总统特朗普。语篇解读9.What do we know about Donald John Trump?A.His career is limited in America.B.It was a surprise that he defeated Hillary Clinton.C.His business has expanded all over the world.D.His father was against him being a politician.答案解析10119

32、12解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第二二段段的的介介绍绍可可知知，特特朗朗普普集集团团主主要要从从事事房房地地产产行行业业，其其他他行行业业也也有有所所涉涉足足，尤尤其其是是根根据据第第二二段段最最后后一一词词worldwide可知，他的产业遍布全球。故选可知，他的产业遍布全球。故选C。10.Whats the main idea of Paragraph 3?A.Introduction to Trumps life.B.Introduction to Trumps family.C.The secret of Trumps success.D.Trumps dream.答案解析解

33、解析析段段落落大大意意题题。第第三三段段对对特特朗朗普普自自出出生生以以来来的的每每个个阶阶段段都都作作了了简单介绍。故选简单介绍。故选A。101191211.Which of the following is NOT true for Donald John Trump?A.He once acted as a leading actor in films.B.He once worked as a host.C.He owns a lot of money.D.He majored in economics in university.答案解析解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据第第三三

34、段段中中的的“.and has made cameo(配配角角)appearances in films and television series.”可可知知，他他在在电电影影和和电电视视剧剧中中演演过配角，没有演过主角。故过配角，没有演过主角。故A选项是错误的。选项是错误的。101191212.According to the last paragraph，we can conclude at the campaign .A.Trump owed his success to his familyB.at a point all Americans protested against Tr

35、umpC.Trump had no Republican rivalsD.all people didnt agree with the remarks Trump made答案解析解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据文文章章最最后后两两句句“Many of his statements in interviews，on Twitter，and at campaign rallies(集集 会会)have been controversial or false.Several rallies during the primaries were accompanied by protests

36、or riots.”可知选可知选D。1011912D(2017安徽安庆二模安徽安庆二模)Dragging a sleigh loaded with enough presents for the worlds children can be no easy skill.But，since ancient times，the Christmas Eve duty has been performed with distinction by a team of beloved reindeer(驯鹿驯鹿).Soon，however，Santa Claus may have to start loo

37、king around for a stronger type of animal，as a new research shows the species is becoming increasingly puny.A 16-year survey on the Arctic Norwegian island of Svalbard found the reindeer there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent.The reduction in average body-mass is being blamed on glo

38、bal warming.In the research presented lately at a meeting of the British Ecological Society in Liverpool，scientists have explained how rising temperatures are robbing female reindeer of nutrients during important periods of pregnancy.Snow in Svalbard typically covers the ground for eight months of t

39、he year，which，combined with low temperatures，limits grass growth to June and July.But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5，grass has become more productive，allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to have more babies.However，warmer winters have brought

40、with them greater rainfall which freezes when it settles on the snow.Reindeer can often access the poor food sources beneath the snow by clearing it away with their antlers(鹿鹿角角)，but they cannot break through the hard ice.As a result，female reindeer are becoming starved，causing them to abort their b

41、abies or give birth to much lighter young.Despite the findings，reindeer appear to be suffering less from the effect of climate change than some other Arctic species.Last week the scientists warned that a third of the worlds polar bears could disappear in the next 40 years.语语篇解读篇解读本文主要介绍了一项关于驯鹿受气候变化影

42、响的研究。本文主要介绍了一项关于驯鹿受气候变化影响的研究。语篇解读13.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“puny”in Paragraph 2?A.Strong.B.Mature.C.Heavy.D.Weak.答案解析141513解解析析词词义义猜猜测测题题。根根据据第第二二段段第第一一句句“Soon，however，Santa Claus may have to start looking around for a stronger type of animal.”可可知知，圣圣诞诞老老人人可可能能很很快快就就得得

43、开开始始寻寻找找一一种种更更加加强强壮壮的的动动物物了了，由由此此可可推推断断出出驯驯鹿鹿不不像像以以前前那那样样强强壮壮了了，故故puny的的意意思思为为“瘦瘦弱弱的的”，与与weak意意思思相相近。近。14.Why do female reindeer become fat in autumn?A.The temperature is getting low.B.They give birth to more babies.C.Grass has grown well since summer.D.They often break through the hard ice.解解析析细细节节

44、理理解解题题。根根据据第第四四段段第第二二句句“But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5，grass has become more productive，allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to have more babies.”可可知知，由由于于夏夏季季气气温温会会升升高高约约1.5，牧牧草草更更茂茂盛盛，使得雌性驯鹿到了秋天会变胖。故选使得雌性驯鹿到了秋天会变胖。故选C项。项。答案解析14151315.Wha

45、t does the text mainly talk about?A.The Christmas Eve duty will still be carried out by reindeer.B.Reindeer has decreased in weight owing to global warming.C.Global warming contributes to more young reindeer.D.Many Arctic species are at the risk of dying out.答案解析解解析析主主旨旨大大意意题题。通通读读文文章章可可知知，本本文文主主要要介介绍绍了了全全球球变变暖暖导导致致驯驯鹿鹿平均体重降低了平均体重降低了12%，故选，故选B项项。A项表述并非事实项表述并非事实；C、D两项偏离主题。两项偏离主题。141513本课结束