高考英语北师大版一轮复习课件：专题二　代词.pptx

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1、专题二代词语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-2-高考感悟 考点归纳.单句语法填空1.(2018 全国卷)Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive it atry.2.(2018 全国卷)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthem(they)alive.3.(2018 浙江卷)ManywesternerswhocometoChinacoo

2、kmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap it canbetoeatout.4.(2017 浙江卷)“ShethoughtIhadhurtmyself(I),”saysPahlsson.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-3-高考感悟 考点归纳.单句改错1.(2018 全国卷)They(Myparents)wouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.usme2.(2018 全国卷)Ihaddonemyselfhomework,butIwasshy.mysel

3、fmy/the3.(2017 全国卷)Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.allboth4.(2017 全国卷)Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.yourmy语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-4-高考感悟 考点归纳考点一 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-5-高考感悟 考点归纳注意形容词性物主代词通常用作定语,修饰名词。如:herfather她的父亲“of(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双

4、重所有格。如:afriendofmine 我的一个朋友语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-6-高考感悟 考点归纳考点二 it 的用法1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等。Itishalfpasttwonow.(指时间)Itis6milestothenearesthospital.(指距离)Itisverycoldintheroom.(指温度)2.指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。Whosthatatthedoor?Itisthemilkman.(it 指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人)Ivebrokenapl

5、ate.It(=Breakingtheplate)doesntmatter.(it 指前面所提到过的事情)语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-7-高考感悟 考点归纳3.it 可以用作形式主语或形式宾语,而把从句、动词-ing 形式和不定式充当的真正的主语或宾语放在后面。Itissaidthatallofthemhavegonetothecinema.Nomatterwhereheis,hemakesitaruletogooutforawalkbeforebreakfast.4.enjoy,like,love,dislike,hate,dontmind,befondof,feell

6、ike,seeto等动词(短语)后面的宾语从句前要加it。Ihateitthatyouleavethedooropen.我讨厌你把门开着。5.用于某些固定结构。如makeit;getit;seetoitthat;putit。HowshallIputit?我该怎么说呢?语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-8-高考感悟 考点归纳考点三 替代词it,one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those1.it 特指上文所提到的同一事物,它所代替的名词常由the,this,that等修饰。one 泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个,不特指,相当于“a/an+单数名词”;o

7、nes 泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词;theone特指前面的可数名词单数,有时可以用that来代替(尤其是后面有后置定语时);theones 特指上文提到的复数名词,有时可以用those 代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。that特指前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词,相当于“the+可数名词单数/不可数名词”;that 的复数形式为those,替代可数名词复数,既可指人也可指物。语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-9-高考感悟 考点归纳YesterdayIlostmypenandIcouldntfindit.SoIhadtobuyone.(it指代mypen;one 替代apen

8、)Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theonesunderthedesk.(those/theones 替代thebooks)Nopleasurecanequalthatofacooldrinkonahotday.(that 替代pleasure)语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-10-高考感悟 考点归纳2.that 和one 的主要区别that既可替代可数名词单数,也可替代不可数名词,常有后置定语,一般不指人,复数形式为those;one 只能替代可数名词单数,复数形式为ones。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时,只能用one,不用that。

9、当of短语做可数名词单数的后置定语时,用that,不用one。Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthanthatinsomelargerschools.(that 替代thequalityofeducation)Ifyourebuyingtodayspaperfromthestand,couldyougetoneforme?(one 替代apaper 一份报纸)语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-11-高考感悟 考点归纳考点四 指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,有this,that,these,those。t

10、his,that 是单数,these,those 是复数。指示代词可以在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语等。Iwantthisbook,notthatbook.Iliketheseandhelikethose.TheweatherinShanghaiisnotsocoldasthatinBeijing.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-12-高考感悟 考点归纳考点五 all,both,either,neither,each 和none1.both(两者都),either(两者中的任何一个),neither(两者都不)。以上这些词的使用范围为两者。JohnandMaryhavebot

11、hwontheprizes.Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.IvelivedinNewYorkandChicago,butdontlikeeitherofthemverymuch.2.both 与复数名词连用,either 与单数名词连用。Thereareflowersonbothsidesofthestreet.Thereareflowersoneithersideofthestreet.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-13-

12、高考感悟 考点归纳3.all(所有的,全部的人或物),any(任何一个),none(都不)。以上词的使用范围均为三者或三者以上。Allthestudentsinmyclasslikeourteachers.AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaseriousillnessforyears,shelostnoneofherenthusiasmforlife.4.each 可指两者,也可指两者以上。Theyeachhaveacar.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-14-高考感悟 考点归纳考点六 no,none,nobody 和nothing1.no不能单

13、独使用,相当于nota 或notany,做定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词。Hehasnoworryaboutsafety.2.none 既可以指人,也可以指物,侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物,可与介词of 连用,用于回答howmany/much 引导的疑问句。Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?None.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-15-高考感悟 考点归纳3.nobody指人,用于回答who 引导的疑问句;nothing 指物,用于回答what 引导的疑问句。ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,butnobodyknows

14、thedateforsure.Whatareyoudoing?Nothing.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-16-高考感悟 考点归纳考点七 another,other,the other 和others1.another 既可以单独使用,也可以用于单数名词前,泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人或物”。还可以用于“another+数词+复数名词”中,表示“再,又”。Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reusingisanother.Youhavetowaitforanotherthreeweeks.2.other 可用作形容词,

15、意思为“别的,其他的”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。Youcanaskotherpeopletohelpyou.3.theother 指两个人或物中的“另一个”,不能用another,此时other为代词。Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher;theotherisadoctor.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-17-高考感悟 考点归纳4.theother 后可接可数名词单数也可接可数名词复数,不接不可数名词。此时other 为形容词。Ontheothersideofthestreet,thereisatalltree.Heistallerthant

16、heotherstudentsinhisclass.5.others 是other 的复数形式,泛指“另外几个;其他的”。others 表示复数意义,相当于“other+复数名词”,但不能做定语;theothers 相当于“theother+复数名词”,指剩下的全部。Twostudentsinourclassfailed,butalltheotherspassedtheexam.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-18-高考感悟 考点归纳考点八 复合不定代词everyone/everybody 意为“每个人”;someone/somebody 意为“某人,有人”,其特殊含义是“有

17、价值的人或者重要的人”;anybody 意为“任何人,无论谁”;nobody 意为“没有人,无人,谁也不”,还可指“无名之辈”。everything 意为“每件事,所有事物”;something 意为“某事/物”,其特殊含义是“大致左右,有价值的或者重要的事物”;anything 意为“任何事物”;nothing 意为“没有;无关紧要的事物”。语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-19-高考感悟 考点归纳Somebodyhasparkedhiscarrightinfrontofmine.Hewassuchafasttalkerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim

18、.Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?$4,000,orsomethinglikethat.Asmilecostsnothing,butgivesmuch.常见搭配:nothingbut 只不过anythingbut 绝不;根本不somethingof有点儿;在某种程度上是nothingtodowith 和没关系fornothing 免费;白白地;白费;无缘无故地语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固核心考点-20-高考感悟 考点归纳考点九 部分否定与全部否定all,both,everyone,everybody,everything 以及“eve

19、ry+名词”都表示全部肯定。none,noone,nobody,nothing,neither,notany 以及“no+名词”均表示全部否定;但当not 与表示全部肯定的不定代词连用时,不管not 的位置在其前还是其后,都表示部分否定。Noneofthemsmoke.Nowordscanexpressmyanger.Suchapersoncantbefoundeverywhere.(部分否定)Notallthestudentshavereadthebook.(部分否定)语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固-21-.单句填空1.Thetrafficonthemainstreetsh

20、asalongergreensignalthanthatonthesmallones.2.LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,butneitherofthemwantsto,becausetheyhaveworktodo.3.Susanmade it cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.4.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whileinothers,knivesandforks.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固-22-5.I

21、dappreciate it ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.6.It saneither-orsituationwecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan tdoboth.7.ShedlivedinLondonandManchesterbutshelikedneitherandmovedtoCambridge.8.Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilartothosedescribedinthismagazine.9.Whenh

22、etookhisglovesoff,Inoticedthateachonehadhisnamewritteninside.10.Ipreferthelargeboxtothesmallone.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固-23-.单句改错1.John,mySpanishteacher,said,“Takeeasy;itisjustasmallquiz.”在easy 前加it2.Someofthehouseshavebathroomsbutmuchdonot.muchmany3.Itwasthefirsttimehefelthehadachievedsomethingbyhi

23、m.himhimself4.Mrs.Zhang,whoisournewteacher,issoconcernedaboutusthatweareallfondofhim.himher5.ChinaisbiggerthananyotherscountryinAsia.othersother语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固-24-.语法填空Emilysitsbyherdesk.Shestudiesforanexam.Actually,sheforces1.herselftostudyforthatexam,sincewhatshereallywantstodoisgooutside

24、andplaysoccer!HerfriendKellyisbyherwindow.Shethrowsalittlestoneatitandthencalls,“Isthere2.anybody/anyonehome?”“Yes,Iamhere!”Emilyanswers.“Thisissounfair!Iwanttobeoutsidewith3.youandnotherewiththeseboringbooklets(小册子)!”“Whateveryouaredoingwiththoseboringbooklets,youshouldcomeoutandplaywithus!”Kellyca

25、llsback.语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固-25-“Ican tdo4.that,”Emilysayssadly.“Thisexamof5.mineistomorrow,sonowIneedtostudyforit.”ShetakesthestonethatKellythrewin,andsendsitflyingoutside.Thensheclosesthewindow.Sheknowsthateverybodyelsehasstudiedalready,andnow6.allofthemareplayingoutside.“Well,”shethinkstohers

26、elf,“itismytest,andImyselfhavetostudyforit.IknowthatKellywantstohelpme,butnotthistime.Wecanhelp7.eachotherwithotherthings.”Shetakesanotherlookathertwobooklets.Shetriestoreadapageofthefirstbooklet,andthenapageofthe8.other.Bothareboring.“9.Neitherofyouisinteresting!”shetellsthemseriously.“WhatcanIdo?”

27、shethinkstoherself.“Ireallyhaveenough!”语法专题突破专题二代词核心考点 随堂巩固随堂巩固-26-Suddenly,agreatideacomestohermind.“Iknow!”shethinks.“I llmakeadrawingofeverythingIread!Iliketodraw,anddrawingswillmakeitinteresting!”Shegrabsherpencilandhappilybeginstodraw.Moreandmoreisdrawnonhernotebook,andaftertwohoursshefinishesh

28、erbooklets.Sheistiredbuthappy,andshecanfinallygoouttoplay.“Whereis10.everybody/everyone?”sheasksherself.Emilynoticesitisdarkalready.“Iguesstheyallwenthome.”Suddenlyherdoorbellrings.Kellyandtherestofherfriendsarethere.Theyarealltiredandtheywanttowatchamovietogether.Emilyisveryhappy.Shecannowenjoyamoviewithherfriends!