高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破 第9讲 名词性从句课件 牛津译林版.ppt

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1、第九第九讲名名词性从句性从句一、主一、主语从句从句引引导词(1)that引引导的从的从句作主句作主语时，不，不在从句中充当任在从句中充当任何成分，只起何成分，只起连接作用，无任何接作用，无任何意意义，通常不能，通常不能省去，且常用省去，且常用it作作形式主形式主语。That the college will take in more new students is true.It is true that the college will take in more new students.It suddenly occurred to him that he had made a serio

2、us mistake.连接接词引引导词(2)whether引引导的主的主语从句既可从句既可放在句首，也可放在句首，也可放在句尾，放在句尾，译成成“是否是否”，在从，在从句中不作成分。句中不作成分。It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesnt matter whether you have lived there for a short or a long time.连接接词引引导词who，whom，w

3、hose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有等，有词义，在，在从句中作主从句中作主语、宾语、表、表语、定、定语等。等。(2014高考湖北高考湖北卷卷)What was so impressive about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.When the new cinema will be open to the public hasnt been made clear.连接接代代词引引导词when，wh

4、ere，why，how等，有等，有词义，在从句，在从句中作状中作状语。Why he came late today has been clear now.Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.连接接副副词it作作形形式式主主语的的句句型型归纳(1)It系系动词形容形容词that从句从句(2)Itbe名名词(短短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等等)that从句从句(3)Itbe过去分去分词(said/told/reported等等)that从句从句(4)It不及物不及物动词(se

5、em，appear，happen，matter)that从句从句(5)It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/orderedthat从句从句结构中，从句用构中，从句用“(should)动词原形原形”。It is certain that your son will do well in his exam.Its no wonder that youve achieved so much success.It was suggested that they(should)start at once.It happened to me that I

6、had been away when he called.It is necessary that one(should)master the skill of operating computers so as to meet the need of a job.B2(2014高高考考天天津津卷卷)I think _impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.Awhat Bthat Cwhich DwhoA 二、二、宾语从句从句引引导词连接接词(1)that无无词义，在从句，在从句中不作成分。并且中不作成分。并且that可可以

7、省略。以省略。(2)whether，if意意为“是是否否”，在从句中不作成，在从句中不作成分。分。if和和whether可互可互换，后面直接跟后面直接跟or not时用用whether不用不用if；作介；作介词宾语时一般用一般用whether。(2014高考新高考新课标全国卷全国卷)He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone.I went in and askedif/whether there was a John living there.We dont know whether or

8、not she was ready.引引导词连接接代代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有等，有词义，在，在从句中作主从句中作主语、宾语、表、表语、定、定语等。等。(2013高考新高考新课标全国卷全国卷)Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue.She will give whoever needs help a warm support.连接接副副词when，where，why，how等，有等，有词义，在从，在从句中作状

9、句中作状语。I dont know where we are going to have the meeting.要要点点归(1)否定前移：主句的主否定前移：主句的主语是第一是第一人称人称单数，数，谓语为think，believe，suppose，expect等等时，其后引，其后引导的的宾语从句中若含有否定意从句中若含有否定意义，一般要把否定一般要把否定词移到主句移到主句谓语上，上，从句从句谓语用肯定式。用肯定式。I dont think I know you.I dont suppose he cares,does he?(2)动词find,feel，think，consider，make等

10、后有等后有宾语补足足语(形容形容词或名或名词)时，需用，需用it作形式作形式宾语而将而将that宾语从句后置。从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.纳(3)在在find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose等及等及hate，like，owe.to，take.for granted等表示等表示“喜喜欢；痛恨；痛恨；认为”的的动词或或动词短短语和和see to(表示表示“注意，注意，务必必”)后后有有宾语补足足语时，需要用，需要用it作形

11、式作形式宾语，而将，而将宾语从句后置。从句后置。I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.1(2014高考福建卷高考福建卷)Pick yourself up.Courage is doing _youre afraid to do.Athat BwhatChow Dwhether解析：考解析：考查宾语从句。句意：振作起来。勇敢就是做你从句。句意：振作起来。勇敢就是做你(明知明知自己自己)害怕做的事情。分析句子害怕做的事情。分析句子结构可知，构可知，动词doing后接的是后接的是宾语从句，从句中从句，从句中do后缺的是后缺的是

12、宾语，需用，需用what引引导。B2(2014高考山高考山东卷卷)It is difficult for us to imagine_ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.Awhere BwhatCwhich Dwhy B三、表三、表语从句从句引引导词连接接词(1)that无无词义,在从句中不作成分。在从句中不作成分。(2)whether(是否是否)引引导表表语从句从句时,只能用只能用whether，而不能用，而不能用if。(3)as if/as though意意为“好像，仿好像，仿佛佛”，引，引导的表的表语从句常跟在系从句常跟在系动词(

13、如如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等等)之后。若之后。若表表语从句所述的是非真从句所述的是非真实的情况的情况,从句用虚从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事气；若所述的是事实的或是极可能的或是极可能发生的情况生的情况,从句用从句用陈述述语气。气。(2014高考新高考新课标全国卷全国卷)The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were focused on the wrong things.It looks as if its going to rain.引引导词连接接代代词连接接副

14、副词who，whom，whose，which,what,whoever，whomever,whichever，whatever等等,有有词义，在，在从句中作主从句中作主语、宾语、表表语、定、定语等。等。(2015四川巴蜀名校四川巴蜀名校联合合测试)Everyone is different and that is what makes our world much better.when，where，why，how等，有等，有词义，在从，在从句中作状句中作状语。(2015大大连双基双基测试)When choosing furniture，you only focus on function w

15、hile I think more about the design.Thats where we differ.要要点点归纳主句的主主句的主语是是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名等名词时，表表语从句的从句的谓语用用“(should)动词原形原形”。His suggestion is that we(should)change our plan.温馨提示温馨提示表语从句的三个易混句式表语从句的三个易混句式This/That/It is why结果果This/That/It is because原因原因The reason wh

16、y.is that.意意为“这/那就是那就是的的原因原因”，why引引导的是的是表表语从句。从句。That is why our teacher recommends another interesting course for us.意意为“这/那是因那是因为”，because引引导表表语从句。从句。(2013高考安徽卷高考安徽卷)From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.意意为“的原因是的原因是”,why引引导的定的定

17、语从句修从句修饰先行先行词reason,that引引导表表语从句。从句。The reason why he didnt come was that it was raining heavily.1(2014高考四川卷高考四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“Thats_ I was born.”Awhen BhowCwhy DwhereD 2(2014高考江高考江苏卷卷)What a mess!You are always so lazy!Im not to blame，mum.I am _ you have made me.Ahow Bw

18、hatCthat DwhoB 四、同位四、同位语从句从句引引导词要要点点归纳大多由大多由that引引导，也可以由，也可以由which，what，whether，how，when，where等引等引导。I had no idea who had stolen the money.He must answer the question whether he agrees to the plan or not.(1)同位同位语从句在句中起同位从句在句中起同位语的的作用，一般放在作用，一般放在fact，news,idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief,th

19、ought，doubt,promise,question等名等名词的的后面后面,对名名词作作进一步的解一步的解释。Evidence has been found through years of study that childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.要要点点归纳(2)suggestion，advice，request，order等表示等表示“建建议、命令、命令、要求要求”的名的名词后的同位后的同位语从句从句用虚用虚拟语气，即从句中的气，即从句中的谓语动词用用“(should)动

20、词原形原形”。His suggestion that we(should)hold another meeting to discuss the problem was adopted.(3)分隔式同位分隔式同位语从句。有从句。有时同同位位语从句的从句的谓语较短，而从句短，而从句内容内容较长，这时为避免避免“头重重脚脚轻”,常常将常常将谓语提到从句前提到从句前面面,形成分隔式同位形成分隔式同位语从句。从句。My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents.B 解析：考解析：考查同位同位语从句引

21、从句引导词的的选择。句意：。句意：昨天昨天迈克拒克拒绝了耶了耶鲁大学的大学的录取取，这是真的是真的吗？是的是的，但是我不知道但是我不知道他他为什么什么这样做；那是他最喜做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。的大学之一。idea后接同位后接同位语从句从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。根据表示某个想法的具体内容。根据thats one of his favorite universities(那是他最喜那是他最喜欢的大学之一的大学之一)可知可知，“我我”不不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因(why)所在所在，故故B项正确。正确。B 五、五、that和和what引引导名名词性从句性从句引引导词句法

22、功能句法功能词义省略情况省略情况thatwhat不作任何句子不作任何句子成分成分无无词义引引导宾语从句从句有有时可以省略可以省略可以作主可以作主语、宾语、表表语、定、定语什么，什么，的的事情事情不能省略不能省略1(2014高考浙江卷高考浙江卷)“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.”This is _ my mother used to tell me.Awhat BhowCthat DwhetherA 2(2013高考山高考山东卷卷)Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat BwhoseCwhich Dthat D