2023年2019-2020学年人教版英语必修第一册UNIT5SectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures.pdf

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1、Section Discovering Useful Structuresstruggle n&vi 斗争；奋斗；搏斗(教材 P64)When I started studying German,it was a struggle 当我开始学习德语时，这是一场奋斗。struggle for 努力争取；为 而斗争 struggle against/with 与 作斗争 struggle to do sth 努力做某事 struggle to one s feet 挣扎着站起来 We have to struggle with all kinds of difficulties from home

2、 and abroad 我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。Workers are struggling for a clean canteen and healthy food 工人们正在为干净的食堂和健康的食物而斗争。She never gave up and struggled to_live(live)an active life 她从不放弃，努力过着积极的生活。After the accident,Lin Tao struggled_to_his_feet and dialed 119 出事后，林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了 119。point of view 观点；看法(教材 P

3、64)I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language,and I could see the world from a different point of view 我终于来到了一个可以用外语思考的地方，我可以从一个不同的角度看世界。from one s point of viewin one s view/opinionas far as sb is concerned依某人看来 From my point of view,you should turn to your teacher f

4、or help 依我看来，你应该向老师求助。I respect your point_of_view,_but I m not sure I agree with you 我尊重你的观点，但我还是不敢苟同。In_my_opinion/view,_you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities As_far_as_I m_concerned,_you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the

5、 activities From_my_point_of_view,_you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities 在我看来，通过这些活动，你可以更好地了解春节。the 比较级，the 比较级 越，就越(教材 P64)It was exercise for the brain;the more I learnt of a language,the more my brain would grow 这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言学得越多，我的大脑就会增长得越多。the more

6、the less 越，就越不 the more the better 越多，就越好 The more he explained,the more confused I became 他越解释我就越迷惑。As is known to us，the lazier(lazy)a person is，the more things he needs to do tomorrow 众所周知，一个人越懒，他明天要做的事情就越多。The harder you work，the greater(great)progress you will make 你越努力工作，取得的进步就越大。The more care

7、ful you are，the fewer(few)mistakes you will make 你越仔细，就越少犯错误。关系副词引导的定语从句(when,why,where)用适当的关系副词填空1(教材 P62)There are many reasons why_this has been possible,but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system 2(教材 P62)Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified cou

8、ntry where_the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction 3(教材 P64)I told my mum that I wanted to give up,and that I would never live in a country where German was spoken 4(教材 P64)I finally understood the reason why_my mum had encouraged me not to give up 生活出事后林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了观点看法教材我终于来到了一

9、个可以用外语思考的地方我可以从一个不同的角 更好地了解春节比较级比较级越就越教材这是对大脑的锻炼我对一门语言学得越多我的大脑就会增长得越多越就越不 越仔细就越少犯错误关系副词引导的定语从句用适当的关系副词填空教材教材教材教材教材关系副词引导的定语从句5(教材 P68)Then I saw an advertisement that offered a wonderful summer course in German,and that was the day when I decided to take on a new language 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词的指代及功能 关系副词

10、 先行词 功能 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 1关系副词 when 引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时 间状语。I still remember the time when I first travelled by plane 我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅 行的时候。We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing 我们 将永远不会忘记第 29 届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。2关系副词 wh

11、ere 引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在 从句中作地点状语。I d like to live in the house w here there is plenty of sunshine 我喜欢住在那个阳光充足 的房子里。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down 我十年前居住的那所房子 已经被拆除了。3关系副词 why 引导定语从句时，先行词常常为 reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。I don t know the reason why he didn t turn to his g

12、ood friend for help yesterday 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。Can you tell me the reason why you didn t come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用关系代词。试比较：生活出事后林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了观点看法教材我终于来到了一个可以用外语思考的地方我可以从一个不同的角 更好地了解春节比较级比较级越就越教

13、材这是对大脑的锻炼我对一门语言学得越多我的大脑就会增长得越多越就越不 越仔细就越少犯错误关系副词引导的定语从句用适当的关系副词填空教材教材教材教材教材关系副词引导的定语从句 Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？你还记得我们整 夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when 在从句中作状语)Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm？你还记得我们在 农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that 或 which 在从句中作 spent 的

14、宾语)The reason why/for which you failed was that you had not followed your mother s advice 你失败的原因是你没有听你母亲的忠告。(定语从句中缺少状语，所以用 why 或 for which,why 作原因状语)I won t listen to the reason that/which you have given us 我坚决不听你给我们提供的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用 that/which，不用why)即时演练 1 对比填空：that,which,when,where,why I will

15、 never forget the days that/which we spent together I will never forget the days when we stayed together The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not sound The reason why he was late was that he missed his train Keep the book in a place where you can find it easily This is the house whi

16、ch/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词 whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词 which”；关系代词有时也用 whose(作定语)。选用介词的依据：1根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous 昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for 因而出名)2根据

17、先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。This is the camera with which he often takes photos 这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera 用照相机)The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist 刚才和你们说话的老太太是一位著名的艺术家。(talk with sb 和某人谈话)生活出事后林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了观点看法教材我终于来到了一个可以用外语思考的地方我可以从一个不同的角 更好地了解春节比较级比较级越就越教材这是对大脑的锻炼我对一门语言学得越多我的

18、大脑就会增长得越多越就越不 越仔细就越少犯错误关系副词引导的定语从句用适当的关系副词填空教材教材教材教材教材关系副词引导的定语从句3根据句子的意思来选择。My computer,without which I can t surf the Internet，broke down yesterday 昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我不能网上冲浪。4表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词 of。I have ten books,half of which were written by Mo Yan 我有 10 本书，其中一半是莫言写的。The old man has two sons,bo

19、th of whom are lawyers 这位老人有两个儿子，他们两个都是律师。在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如 look after,look for 等不能把介词移至 which 或 whom 之前。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy(正)The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy(误)即时演练 2 用适当的关系词或介词填空 Maria has written two novels,both of w

20、hich have been made into television series The girl to whom you spoke just now is our English teacher The day will come on which we will win the final victory The woman with whom you shook hands just now is head of our company The death of his son was an experience from which he never fully recovere

21、d 单句语法填空1 We visited the house where the famous scientist once lived 2 The car whose window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown 3 This is the primary school where both my brother and I stayed for six years 4 It was a period when they met very frequently 5 When I arrived,my friend took me

22、to see the house where I would be staying 6 We have come to a point where everyone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement 7 Bob is now in a position where he has no more money to pay his rent 8 One of the reasons why he was refused in the interview was that his spoken Engli

23、sh was terrible 生活出事后林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了观点看法教材我终于来到了一个可以用外语思考的地方我可以从一个不同的角 更好地了解春节比较级比较级越就越教材这是对大脑的锻炼我对一门语言学得越多我的大脑就会增长得越多越就越不 越仔细就越少犯错误关系副词引导的定语从句用适当的关系副词填空教材教材教材教材教材关系副词引导的定语从句9 The reason why he gave up his well-paid job isn t known to us 10 I ll never forget the time that/which we spent together in the

24、 army camp 11 I ll never forget the day when I joined the League 12 Miss Liu is an excellent teacher from whom I have learned a lot 13 The Smiths have two children,both of whom work in New York 14 The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year has risen to one million 15 They hav

25、e reached the stage where they are going to get married 语法与写作将下列句子合并升级为定语从句。1 The university is big and beautiful My brother studies in the university The university where/in_which_my_brother_studies_is_big_and_beautiful 2 The party turned out to be quite successful We sang the beautiful song Foreve

26、r Young at the party The_party_where/at_which_we_sang_the_beautiful_song_ Fore ver_Young_turned_out_to_be_quite_successful 3 Do you know the lady?Our English teacher is taking a photo of her Do_you_know_the_lady_whom_our_English_teacher_is_taking_a_photo_of?4 Rose knew the year The Red Cross was fou

27、nded in the year Rose_knew_the_year_when/in_which_the_Red_Cross_was_founded 5 Paul looked so excited today His friend didn t know the real reason Paul s_friend_didn t_know_the_real_reason_why/for_which_he_looked_so_excited_today 6 We paid a visit to that coffee shop last summer A writer wrote his fa

28、mous book in the coffee shop Last_summer_we_paid_a_visit_to_the_coffee_shop_where/in_which_a_writer_wrote_his_famous_book 7 We ll go to meet the famous singer We often talked about the famous singer We ll go to meet the famous singer whom_we_often_talked_about 8 She has three sons All of her sons ar

29、e abroad now She has three sons,all_of_whom are abroad now 9 There are sixty students in our class Thirty of the students in our class are boys There are sixty students in our class,thirty_of_whom are boys 10 He wrote many children s books Nearly half of the children s books were published in the 19

30、90s 生活出事后林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了观点看法教材我终于来到了一个可以用外语思考的地方我可以从一个不同的角 更好地了解春节比较级比较级越就越教材这是对大脑的锻炼我对一门语言学得越多我的大脑就会增长得越多越就越不 越仔细就越少犯错误关系副词引导的定语从句用适当的关系副词填空教材教材教材教材教材关系副词引导的定语从句He wrote many children s books,nearly half_of_which were published in the 1990s 阅读理解 AAs everyone knows,English is very important today It ha

31、s been used everywhere in the world It has become the most common language on the Internet and for international trade If we can speak English well,we will have more chances to succeed Because more and more people have taken notice of it,the number of the people who go to learn English has increased

32、 at a high speed But for myself,I learn English not only because of its importance and its usefulness,but also because of my love for it When I learn English,I can feel a different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the world When I read English novels,I can feel the pleasure from the

33、 book which is different from reading the translation When I speak English,I can feel the confidence from my words When I write English,I can see the beauty which is not the same as our Chinese I love English,because it gives me a colorful dream I hope I can travel around the world one day With my g

34、ood English,I can make friends with many people from different countries and see many places of great interests I dream that I can go to London,because it is the birthplace of English I also want to use my good English to introduce our great places to the people who speak English I hope that they ca

35、n love our country like us I know,Rome was not built in a day I believe that after continuous hard study,one day I can speak English very well If you want to be loved,you should learn to love and be lovable So I believe,as I love English,it will love me too I am sure that I will realize my dream one

36、 day!【解题导语】作者介绍了英语对自己而言很重要，并说明了自己学习英语的原因。1 What s the main idea of the first paragraph?A English is becoming more and more important in our daily life B English is changing quickly C English has the largest speakers in the world D More and more people enjoy learning English A 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段内容尤其是第一句可

37、知，本段主要说明了英语变得越来越重要。2 Which of the following is NOT the reason why the author likes learning English?生活出事后林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了观点看法教材我终于来到了一个可以用外语思考的地方我可以从一个不同的角 更好地了解春节比较级比较级越就越教材这是对大脑的锻炼我对一门语言学得越多我的大脑就会增长得越多越就越不 越仔细就越少犯错误关系副词引导的定语从句用适当的关系副词填空教材教材教材教材教材关系副词引导的定语从句A English is very important B English is very

38、 useful C The author likes English D The author s parents ask him to study English D 解析：细节理解题。从第二段可知，A、B、C 三个选项都是作者学习英语的原因，D 项未提及。3 When the author reads English novels,he feels _ A pleased B pressed C anxious D confident A 解析：细节理解题。从第二段中的 When I read English novels,I can feel the pleasure from the

39、book which is different from reading the translation 可知答案。4 What can we learn from the last but one paragraph?A Loving others is very important B Loving English can make you successful C If you want to get love from others,you should first love others D You should learn to respect others if you want

40、 to learn English well C 解析：推理判断题。从倒数第二段中的 If you want to be loved,you should learn to love and be lovable 可推出答案。BI had the meanest mother in the whole world While other kids ate candy for breakfast,I had to have porridge,eggs or toast When others had Coke and candy for lunch,I had to eat a sandwich

41、 But at least I wasn t alone when I was sad My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did My mother preferred to know where we were at all times She had to know who our friends were and where we were going We had to clean clothes and take a bath every day The other kids got to wear th

42、e same clothes for days We could not lie in bed“sick”in order to miss school The worst is yet to come We had to be in bed by nine each night and get up at eight the next 生活出事后林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了观点看法教材我终于来到了一个可以用外语思考的地方我可以从一个不同的角 更好地了解春节比较级比较级越就越教材这是对大脑的锻炼我对一门语言学得越多我的大脑就会增长得越多越就越不 越仔细就越少犯错误关系副词引导的定语从句用适当的关系

43、副词填空教材教材教材教材教材关系副词引导的定语从句morning We couldn t sleep till noon like our friends So while they slept,my mother was brave to break the Child Labour Laws She made us work We had to wash dishes,make beds,and learn to cook and all kinds of things at home I believe she lay awake thinking up all things for u

44、s to do My mother was a complete failure as a mother Two of her children received higher education None of us have ever been taken away by the police or divorced(离婚)She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults I am now trying to raise my three children this way I am filled with pride whe

45、n my children call me“mean”Why?Because now I thank God every day for giving me the meanest mother in the world【解题导语】本文主要讲了作者的妈妈对他们很严格，包括不让他们吃糖，要求他们按时睡觉，让他们刷碗等。虽然作者小时候很讨厌妈妈，但是当作者长大后才明白，妈妈这样做是为了让他们变得更优秀，作者因此很感激妈妈。5 Why couldn t the author eat candy for breakfast?A Her mother couldn t afford(买得起)candy

46、B She preferred porridge,eggs or toast to candy C Her mother thought it not good to eat candy for breakfast D Her mother had to give candy to the author s sister and two brothers C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，根据对文章的整体理解可知，作者的妈妈对他们很严格，早上不准他们吃糖果是因为她认为糖果对身体不好。故选 C 项。6 The author s mother made her children work becau

47、se_ A she had trouble falling into sleep B she had no time to do the housework C she was teaching her children to live by themselves D she couldn t keep such a big family without her children s help C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，根据对文章的整体理解可知，作者的妈妈让他们做家务是想让他们学会自理。故选 C 项。7 What can we infer from the text?A The auth

48、or is strict with her children B The author is not happy to have such a mean mother C The author s mother broke the Child Labour Laws to make money D The author s mother failed to educate her children to be honest A 解析：推理判断题。根据文中“I am now trying to raise my three children this way”可生活出事后林涛挣扎着站起来并拨打了

49、观点看法教材我终于来到了一个可以用外语思考的地方我可以从一个不同的角 更好地了解春节比较级比较级越就越教材这是对大脑的锻炼我对一门语言学得越多我的大脑就会增长得越多越就越不 越仔细就越少犯错误关系副词引导的定语从句用适当的关系副词填空教材教材教材教材教材关系副词引导的定语从句知，作者也是用妈妈教育他们的方法教育自己的孩子，所以她对自己的孩子很严格。故选 A项。8 From the text we learn that the author_ A dislikes her mother B is very grateful to her mother C is polite to her mot

50、her D is tired of her mother B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中最后部分“I am filled with pride when my children call me mean Why?Because now I thank God every day for giving me the meanest mother in the world”可知，作者很感激她的妈妈。故选 B 项。七选五Do you sometimes forget where you put your eyeglasses or phone?Do you sometimes,when you ar