高考一轮知识点梳理课件-必修5 Unit 1.ppt

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1、Book 5Book 5 Unit 1 Great scientistsUnit 1 Great scientists基础落实基础落实.高频单词思忆高频单词思忆1.The enemy was 1.The enemy was (打败打败)in a decisive)in a decisive battle.battle.2.The baby was left 2.The baby was left (暴露暴露)to the)to the sun.sun.3.This illness can3.This illness cant be t be (治愈治愈)easily.)easily.4.Cle

2、ver children 4.Clever children (吸收吸收)knowledge)knowledge quickly.quickly.defeateddefeatedexposedexposedcuredcuredabsorbabsorb5.The drought is becoming increasingly5.The drought is becoming increasingly (严重的严重的).).6.Who invented the steam 6.Who invented the steam (发动机发动机)?)?7.Kindness is one of his7.

3、Kindness is one of his (特征特征).).8.It took the jury some time to reach the 8.It took the jury some time to reach the c c that she was guilty.that she was guilty.9.Which driver was to 9.Which driver was to b b for the for the accident?accident?10.We 10.We c c 5,000 5,000 yuanyuan to the to the earthqu

4、ake fund.earthquake fund.severesevereengineenginecharacteristicscharacteristicsonclusiononclusionlamelameontributedontributed.重点短语再现重点短语再现1.1.提出提出2.2.得出结论得出结论3.3.使暴露于使暴露于中中4.4.结束结束5.5.除除之外；此外之外；此外6.6.导致，造成（后果）导致，造成（后果）7.7.调查调查8.8.也；另外也；另外9.9.有意义；讲得通有意义；讲得通10.10.将将和和连接起来连接起来put forwardput forwarddraw

5、 a conclusiondraw a e to an endcome to an endapart fromapart fromlead tolead tolook intolook intoin additionin additionmake sensemake senselink.to.link.to.典型句式运用典型句式运用1.Do you know how to prove a new idea in 1.Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?scientific research?你知道如何用科学的研究

6、你知道如何用科学的研究 方式来证明一个新观点吗？方式来证明一个新观点吗？有些及物动词像有些及物动词像know,ask,tellknow,ask,tell,consider,decide,explainconsider,decide,explain等，后面可以跟等，后面可以跟 “”结构作结构作 ，这类疑问词有，这类疑问词有 how,what,when,where,whetherhow,what,when,where,whether等。等。这种这种“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”结构除了作宾语外，在句结构除了作宾语外，在句 中还可以作中还可以作 、表语、状语等。、表语、状语等。考点提炼考点提炼疑问词

7、疑问词+不定式不定式宾语宾语主语主语2.With this extra evidence John Snow was able 2.With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.water carried the virus.有了这个证据，约有了这个证据，约 翰翰斯诺就肯定地宣布，这种污染了的水携带着斯诺就肯定地宣布，这种污染了的水携带着 病菌

8、。病菌。was/were able to dowas/were able to do意为意为“”，相当于，相当于managed to domanaged to do或或 succeeded in doingsucceeded in doing。此时不可用。此时不可用couldcould替换，因替换，因 为为couldcould通常表示通常表示“曾经具备某种能力，过去能做曾经具备某种能力，过去能做 （而现在不能了）（而现在不能了）”。考点提炼考点提炼成功地做成功地做了某事，做成了某事了某事，做成了某事3.To prevent this from happening 3.To prevent th

9、is from happening again,Johnagain,John Snow suggested that the source of all the Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况为了防止这种情况 的再度发生，约翰的再度发生，约翰斯诺建议，所有水源都要经斯诺建议，所有水源都要经 过检测。过检测。suggest(to sb.)that.suggest(to sb.)that.意为意为 “”，此时，此时that

10、that从句中的谓从句中的谓 语动词要用语动词要用 形式，形式，以省略。以省略。考点提炼考点提炼（向某人）建议（向某人）建议should+should+v v.shouldshould4.He knew that cholera would never be 4.He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.controlled until its cause was found.他知他知 道，在找到病源之前，霍乱是无法控制的。道，在找到病源之前，霍乱是无法控制的。never.until.nev

11、er.until.其中其中until=tilluntil=till意意 为为“”。句中谓语动词应为句中谓语动词应为 动词；若为动词；若为 动动 词，则应用肯定形式。词，则应用肯定形式。注意注意 not until/never untilnot until/never until放在句首时，句子放在句首时，句子 应采用倒装结构。应采用倒装结构。not untilnot until的强调结构为：的强调结构为：It It is/was not until+is/was not until+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who.+that/who.。考点提炼考点提炼直到直到为止为止终止性终止性延续性

12、延续性导练互动导练互动重点单词重点单词1.conclude1.conclude Draw a Draw a .(.(回归课本回归课本P P1 1)观察思考观察思考 He concluded from their remarks that they He concluded from their remarks that they were not in were not in favourfavour of the plan.of the plan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。The play concluded with a happy

13、 ending.The play concluded with a happy ending.这出戏以大团圆结束。这出戏以大团圆结束。They concluded a treaty with Turkey.They concluded a treaty with Turkey.他们同土耳其缔结了一项条约。他们同土耳其缔结了一项条约。conclusionconclusion归纳总结归纳总结conclude conclude vi vi.&.&vt vt.，意为：，意为：。conclude conclude sth.withsth.with sb.sb.就某事与某人达成协议就某事与某人达成协议to

14、 concludeto conclude最后最后(2)conclusion(2)conclusion n n.结束；结论结束；结论in conclusionin conclusion最后；总之最后；总之arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusionarrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论得出结论come to a conclusion e to a conclusion that.所得结论是所得结论是推断，断定；结束；造推断，断定；结束；造成；缔结成；缔结(1)conclude(1)concludesth.(

15、fromsth.(from sthsth.).)(from(from sthsth.)that.)that.推断出，断定推断出，断定conclude conclude sthsth.with with sthsth.by doing by doing sthsth.以以结束结束即学即用即学即用(1)(1)会议于十点钟结束。会议于十点钟结束。The meeting The meeting .(2)(2)从证据看，我敢断定你错了。从证据看，我敢断定你错了。From the evidence I mustFrom the evidence I must you are wrong.you are w

16、rong.(3)(3)最后，祝大家取得圆满成功！最后，祝大家取得圆满成功！,I wish everyone a complete,I wish everyone a complete success!success!(4)(4)我看他是在说谎。我看他是在说谎。I I that he was that he was lying.lying.concluded at ten oconcluded at ten oclockclockconclude thatconclude thatTo concludeTo concludecame to the conclusioncame to the co

17、nclusion2.defeat2.defeat John Snow John Snow “King CholeraKing Cholera”.(回归课本回归课本P P2 2)观察思考观察思考 He defeated the champion in three sets.He defeated the champion in three sets.他三盘击败了冠军。他三盘击败了冠军。The instruction manual completely defeated me.The instruction manual completely defeated me.这操作指南把我完全弄糊涂了。这

18、操作指南把我完全弄糊涂了。Staying late at the office to discuss Staying late at the office to discuss shorter working hours rather defeats the shorter working hours rather defeats the object of the exercise!object of the exercise!迟迟待在办公室讨论缩短工作时间恰恰是在阻挠迟迟待在办公室讨论缩短工作时间恰恰是在阻挠 这一目标的实现！这一目标的实现！They finally had to admi

19、t defeat.They finally had to admit defeat.他们最后只得认输。他们最后只得认输。defeatsdefeats归纳总结归纳总结defeat defeat 。易混辨异易混辨异defeat,beat,windefeat,beat,win这三个词都有这三个词都有“赢赢”的意思，但用法不尽相同。的意思，但用法不尽相同。(1)defeat(1)defeat和和beatbeat都可接都可接sb.sb.作宾语，一般可以互作宾语，一般可以互换，其宾语通常是换，其宾语通常是“人人”或或“一个团体一个团体”，如，如a a team,ateam,a class,aclass,a

20、 school,anschool,an army army等。另外等。另外,defeat,defeat还可用于指在战争中还可用于指在战争中“击败击败”敌军或入侵者。敌军或入侵者。(2)win(2)win后接后接sthsth.,.,如如game,war,prize,love,respectgame,war,prize,love,respect等；后接等；后接sb.sb.时表示时表示“争取某人争取某人”。vt vt.打败；难住；阻挠；打败；难住；阻挠；n n.失败失败即学即用即学即用(1)(1)张怡宁在第张怡宁在第2929届奥运会上艰难地战胜了李佳薇。届奥运会上艰难地战胜了李佳薇。Zhang Zh

21、ang YiningYining Li Li JiaweiJiawei in the 29th Olympics.in the 29th Olympics.(2)(2)这个问题把我难住了，我无法解决它。这个问题把我难住了，我无法解决它。The problem has The problem has and I can and I cant t solve it.solve it.(3)(3)这个政党面临选举失败。这个政党面临选举失败。The party The party in the election.in the election.defeateddefeatedwithwithdiffi

22、cultydifficultydefeated medefeated mefaces defeatfaces defeat3.expose3.expose But he became inspired when he thought But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people about helping ordinary people to to cholera.(cholera.(回归课本回归课本P P2 2)观察思考观察思考 When he smiled he exposed a set of p

23、erfect When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth.white teeth.他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。He exposed the plan to the newspapers.He exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。The film has been exposed.The film has been exposed.这胶卷已经曝光了。这胶卷已经曝光了。Do not expose babies to

24、strong sunlight.Do not expose babies to strong sunlight.不要让婴儿受到强烈的日光照射。不要让婴儿受到强烈的日光照射。exposedexposed归纳总结归纳总结expose expose 。expose expose sthsth.显露或露出某事物显露或露出某事物expose expose sthsth./sb./oneself(to./sb./oneself(to sthsth.).)显露或暴露某显露或暴露某人人/某事物某事物/自己自己exposed exposed adjadj.（指地方）无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的（指地方）无遮蔽的；不遮

25、挡风雨的be exposed tobe exposed to暴露于暴露于exposure exposure n n.显露，暴露；揭露，揭发显露，暴露；揭露，揭发vt vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使遭受暴露；揭露；使曝光；使遭受即学即用即学即用(1)(1)婴儿被遗弃于风雨之中。婴儿被遗弃于风雨之中。The baby was leftThe baby was left .(2)(2)他说了那句不妥的话，暴露了自己对此事的无知。他说了那句不妥的话，暴露了自己对此事的无知。That unfortunate remarkThat unfortunate remark of the subject.of t

26、he subject.(3)(3)那小屋位于山顶毫无遮蔽之处。那小屋位于山顶毫无遮蔽之处。The cottage isThe cottage is at the top of the hill.at the top of the hill.exposed to the wind andexposed to the wind andrainrainexposed hisexposed hisignoranceignorancein a very exposed positionin a very exposed position4.cure4.cure Neither its cause nor

27、 its Neither its cause nor its was was understood.(understood.(回归课本回归课本P P2 2)观察思考观察思考 There is no cure for the common cold at There is no cure for the common cold at present.present.目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。Can you cure me of my cold?Can you cure me of my cold?你能治好我的感冒吗？你能治好我的感冒吗？curecure归纳总结归纳总结c

28、ure cure 治愈，治疗。治愈，治疗。(1)a cure for(1)a cure for sthsth.治疗治疗的方法的方法(2)cure(2)cure sb.ofsb.of+疾病名称疾病名称 治愈某人的疾病治愈某人的疾病cure cure sb.ofsb.of+不良行为不良行为 矫正某人的不良行为矫正某人的不良行为(3)(3)与与cure cure sb.ofsb.of sthsth.结构类似的短语还有：结构类似的短语还有：remind remind sb.ofsb.of sthsth.使某人想起某事使某人想起某事suspect suspect sb.ofsb.of sthsth.怀疑

29、某人（做）某事怀疑某人（做）某事rob rob sb.ofsb.of sthsth.抢了某人某物抢了某人某物inform inform sb.ofsb.of sthsth.通知某人某事通知某人某事warn warn sb.ofsb.of sthsth.警告某人某事警告某人某事accuse accuse sb.ofsb.of sthsth.控告某人某事控告某人某事n n.&.&vt vt.注意注意 treattreat和和curecure都表示都表示“治疗治疗”的意思。但的意思。但treattreat表示治疗过程，不表示结果，而表示治疗过程，不表示结果，而curecure强调结强调结果，意为果，

30、意为“治疗，治愈治疗，治愈”，常与，常与ofof连用。连用。即学即用即学即用用适当的用适当的ofof短语填空短语填空(1)She(1)She him him stealing.stealing.(2)Please(2)Please us us any changes of any changes of address.address.(3)You(3)You me me your father when you your father when you say that.say that.(4)He resigned after he was(4)He resigned after he wa

31、s theft.theft.accusedaccusedofofinforminformofofremindremindededofofsuspected ofsuspected of5.blame5.blame It seemed that the water was to It seemed that the water was to .(回归课本回归课本P P2 2)观察思考观察思考 He blamed you for the neglect of duty.He blamed you for the neglect of duty.他责备你玩忽职守。他责备你玩忽职守。The polic

32、e blamed the traffic accident on The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack Jacks careless driving.s careless driving.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。The government will have to take the blame The government will have to take the blame for the riots.for the riots.政府将不得不对骚乱承担责任。政府将不得不对骚乱承

33、担责任。blameblame归纳总结归纳总结blame blame ；n n.过失；责备。过失；责备。blame blame sb.forsb.for sthsth./doing./doing sthsth.因为某事责备某人因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事责备某人做了某事blame blame sth.onsth.on sb.sb.把某事归咎于某人把某事归咎于某人be to blame(for)be to blame(for)应（为应（为）承担责任；该）承担责任；该（为（为）受责备（此处不能用被动语态）受责备（此处不能用被动语态）accept/bear/take the blame for

34、accept/bear/take the blame for sthsth.对某事负责任对某事负责任put/lay the blame for put/lay the blame for sth.onsth.on sb.sb.将某事归咎于某人将某事归咎于某人vt vt.责备；把责备；把归咎于归咎于即学即用即学即用(1)(1)如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？(2)(2)我们愿对所发生的事负责。我们愿对所发生的事负责。(3)(3)如果结果糟糕，她将会怪罪于我们。如果结果糟糕，她将会怪罪于我们。If you are not to If you are not to blame,thenb

35、lame,then who is?who is?We were ready to take the blame for what We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.had happened.SheShell put the blame on us if it turnsll put the blame on us if it turnsout badly.out badly.6.contribute6.contribute to to (回归课本回归课本P P4 4)观察思考观察思考 This new discovery

36、 will contribute to all This new discovery will contribute to all humanity.humanity.这个新发现将对全人类作出贡献。这个新发现将对全人类作出贡献。Most people contributed something Most people contributed something towards/to the new church buildings.towards/to the new church buildings.大部分人都为教堂的新建筑捐献了一些东西。大部分人都为教堂的新建筑捐献了一些东西。A litt

37、le exercise will contribute a lot to A little exercise will contribute a lot to your health.your health.少量的运动对你的健康大有帮助。少量的运动对你的健康大有帮助。She contributes regularly to a physics She contributes regularly to a physics journal.journal.她经常向一家物理杂志社投稿。她经常向一家物理杂志社投稿。contributecontribute归纳总结归纳总结contribute contr

38、ibute 。(1)contribute.to.(1)contribute.to.把把贡献给贡献给contribute tocontribute to为为作出贡献；把时间投入作出贡献；把时间投入；有助于；导致有助于；导致(2)contribution(2)contribution n n.捐献物；贡献；捐款；稿件捐献物；贡献；捐款；稿件make a contribution tomake a contribution to对对作出贡献作出贡献contribution tocontribution to对对的贡献的贡献(3)contributor(3)contributor n n.撰稿人；捐助

39、人；促成物撰稿人；捐助人；促成物vt vt.&.&vi vi.贡献；捐助；增加，添进；贡献；捐助；增加，添进；投稿投稿即学即用即学即用（1 1）他主动向红十字会捐款。）他主动向红十字会捐款。He offered to He offered to the Red the Red Cross.Cross.（2 2）各种因素导致了他的倒台。）各种因素导致了他的倒台。Various factors Various factors his his downfall.downfall.（3 3）我已经给）我已经给北京晚报北京晚报投了好几篇文章，可一投了好几篇文章，可一 篇也没发表过。篇也没发表过。I I

40、Beijing Evening Beijing Evening NewsNews,but,but none of them none of them have been published.have been published.（4 4）他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。）他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。He He the overall success of the project.the overall success of the project.contribute tocontribute tocontributed tocontributed tohave cont

41、ributed several articles tohave contributed several articles tomade a very positive contribution tomade a very positive contribution to重点短语与句型重点短语与句型7.put forward7.put forward Who Who a theory about black holes?a theory about black holes?(回归课本回归课本P P1 1)观察思考观察思考 A better plan was put forward by the

42、A better plan was put forward by the headmaster.headmaster.校长提出了一项更好的计划。校长提出了一项更好的计划。Her name was put forward as the best for Her name was put forward as the best for the job.the job.她被推荐为这项工作的最佳人选。她被推荐为这项工作的最佳人选。Put the clock forward by 5 minutes.Put the clock forward by 5 minutes.把表拨快把表拨快5 5分钟。分钟。

43、put forwardput forward归纳总结归纳总结put forwardput forward意为：意为：。put asideput aside节省；储蓄，储存节省；储蓄，储存put awayput away放好；积蓄放好；积蓄put backput back放回；拨回放回；拨回put downput down记下；镇压记下；镇压put input in放入；加进放入；加进put offput off延期，推迟延期，推迟put onput on穿上；演出穿上；演出put output out熄灭，扑灭熄灭，扑灭put throughput through接通电话接通电话put upp

44、ut up举起；张贴；公布；挂起；建造举起；张贴；公布；挂起；建造提出；推荐；建议；将提出；推荐；建议；将提前提前即学即用即学即用用用putput的相关短语填空的相关短语填空(1)Tom(1)Tom the lamp and went out.the lamp and went out.(2)Never(2)Never till tomorrow what you can till tomorrow what you can do today.do today.(3)She(3)She some good proposals for some good proposals for educat

45、ional reform.educational reform.(4)We(4)We some money some money every month for every month for our retirement.our retirement.(5)They are going to(5)They are going to a memorial in a memorial in memory of people who died in the memory of people who died in the earthquake.earthquake.put output outpu

46、t offput offput forwardput forwardputputasideasideput upput up8.apart from8.apart from the construction mentioned the construction mentioned above,youabove,you have also learned the following have also learned the following phrases.(phrases.(回归课本回归课本P P4 4)观察思考观察思考 Apart from their house in Apart fr

47、om their house in London,theyLondon,they also also have a villa in Spain.have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座 别墅。别墅。It was a difficult It was a difficult time.Aparttime.Apart from from everything everything else,weelse,we had financial problems.had financial problems.当时是困

48、难时期。别的一切都不说，我们财政上当时是困难时期。别的一切都不说，我们财政上 也有问题。也有问题。Apart fromApart from归纳总结归纳总结apart fromapart from意为：意为：。(1)in addition to(1)in addition to除除之外（还有，包括除去内之外（还有，包括除去内容在内）容在内）besidesbesides除除之外（还有，包括除去内容在内）之外（还有，包括除去内容在内）exceptexcept除除之外（不包括除去内容在内）之外（不包括除去内容在内）except forexcept for除了除了之外；只是之外；只是except tha

49、t(what/when/where.)except that(what/when/where.)除了除了(2)take.apart(2)take.apart将将拆开拆开tell A and B aparttell A and B apart分辨出分辨出A A与与B B除除之外；此外之外；此外即学即用即学即用(1)(1)姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我穿。姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我穿。,the dress doesn,the dress doesnt t suit me.suit me.(2)(2)除了几个缺点外，他是个很好的老师。除了几个缺点外，他是个很好的老师。He is a good

50、 teacher He is a good teacher some some shortcomings.shortcomings.(3)(3)他除了是位学者，还是位有名的作家。他除了是位学者，还是位有名的作家。,he was a famous,he was a famous writer.writer.(4)(4)很小的时候，我常拆卸旧玩具车。很小的时候，我常拆卸旧玩具车。I often I often some old toy cars some old toy cars when I was a child.when I was a child.Apart from the costAp