最新数学专业英语.pdf
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1、精品好文档,推荐学习交流 仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除 谢谢1 Differential Calculus Newton and Leibniz,quite independently of one another,were largely responsible for developing the ideas of integral calculus to the point where hitherto insurmountable problems could be solved by more or less routine methods.The successful a
2、ccomplishments of these men were primarily due to the fact that they were able to fuse together the integral calculus with the second main branch of calculus,differential calculus.In this article,we give su fficient conditions for controllability of some partial neutral functional differential equat
3、ions with infinite delay.We suppose that the linear part is not necessarily densely defined but satisfies the resolvent estimates of the Hille-Yosida theorem.The results are obtained using the integrated semigroups theory.An application is given to illustrate our abstract result.Key words Controllab
4、ility;integrated semigroup;integral solution;infinity delay 1 Introduction In this article,we establish a result about controllability to the following class of partial neutral functional differential equations with infinite delay:0,),()(0txxttFtCuADxtDxtt (1)where the state variable(.)xtakes values
5、 in a Banach space).,(Eand the control(.)u is given in 0),0(2TUTL,the Banach space of admissible control functions with U a Banach space.C is a bounded linear operator from U into E,A:D(A)E E is a linear operator on E,B is the phase space of functions mapping(,0 into E,which will be specified later,
6、D is a bounded linear operator from B into E defined by BDD,)0(0 0Dis a bounded linear operator from B into E and for each x:(,T E,T 0,and t 0,T,xt represents,as usual,the mapping from(,0 into E defined by 0,(),()(txxt F is an E-valued nonlinear continuous mapping on.The problem of controllability o
7、f linear and nonlinear systems represented by ODE in finit dimensional space was extensively studied.Many authors extended the controllability concept to infinite dimensional systems in Banach space with unbounded operators.Up to now,there are a lot of works on this topic,see,for example,4,7,10,21.T
8、here are many systems that can be written as abstract neutral evolution equations with infinite delay to study 23.In recent years,the theory of neutral functional di fferential equations with infinite delay in infinite dimension was developed and it is still a field of research(see,for instance,2,9,
9、14,15 and the references therein).Meanwhile,the controllability problem of such systems was also discussed by many mathematicians,see,for example,5,8.The objective of this article is to discuss the controllability for Eq.(1),where the linear part is supposed to be non-densely defined but satisfies t
10、he resolvent estimates of the Hille-Yosida theorem.We shall assume conditions that assure global existence and give the su fficient conditions for controllability of some partial neutral functional differential equations with infinite delay.The results are obtained using the integrated semigroups th
11、eory and Banach fixed point theorem.Besides,we make use of the notion of integral solution and we do not use the analytic semigroups theory.Treating equations with infinite delay such as Eq.(1),we need to introduce the phase space B.To avoid repetitions and understand the interesting properties of t
12、he phase space,suppose that).,(BB is a(semi)normed abstract linear space of functions mapping(,0 into E,and satisfies the following fundamental axioms that were first introduced in 13 and widely discussed 精品好文档,推荐学习交流 仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除 谢谢2 in 16.(A)There exist a positive constant H and functions K
13、(.),M(.):,with K continuous and M locally bounded,such that,for any and 0a,if x:(,+a E,Bx and(.)xis continuous on,+a,then,for every t in,+a,the following conditions hold:(i)Bxt,(ii)BtxHtx)(,which is equivalent to BH)0(or everyB(iii)BxtMsxtKxttsB)()(sup)(A)For the function(.)xin(A),t xt is a B-valued
14、 continuous function for t in,+a.(B)The space B is complete.Throughout this article,we also assume that the operator A satisfies the Hille-Yosida condition:(H1)There exist and,such that)(),(A and MNnAInn,:)()(sup (2)Let A0 be the part of operator A in)(AD defined by )(,)(:)()(000ADxforAxxAADAxADxAD
15、It is well known that)()(0ADADand the operator 0A generates a strongly continuous semigroup)(00ttTon)(AD.Recall that 19 for all)(ADx and 0t,one has)()(000ADxdssTft and xtTxsdssTAt)(0)(00.We also recall that 00)(ttTcoincides on)(AD with the derivative of the locally Lipschitz integrated semigroup 0)(
16、ttS generated by A on E,which is,according to 3,17,18,a family of bounded linear operators on E,that satisfies (i)S(0)=0,(ii)for any y E,t S(t)y is strong ly continuous with values in E,(iii)sdrrsrtStSsS0)()()()(for all t,s 0,and for any 0 there exists a constant l()0,such that stlsStS)()()(or all t
17、,s 0,.The C0-semigroup 0)(ttS is exponentially bounded,that is,there exist two constants Mand,such that teMtS)(for all t 0.Notice that the controllability of a class of non-densely defined functional differential equations was studied in 12 in the finite delay case.、2 Main Results We start with intr
18、oducing the following definition.Definition 1 Let T 0 and B.We consider the following definition.We say that a function x:=x(.,):(,T)E,0 0,such that 21021),(),(tFtFfor 1,2 B and t 0.(4)Using Theorem 7 in 1,we obtain the following result.Theorem 1 Assume that(H1),(H2),and(H3)hold.Let B such that D D(
19、A).Then,there exists a unique integral solution x(.,)of Eq.(1),defined on(,+).Definition 2 Under the above conditions,Eq.(1)is said to be controllable on the interval J=0,0,if for every initial function B with D D(A)and for any e1 D(A),there exists a control u L2(J,U),such that the solution x(.)of E
20、q.(1)satisfies 1)(ex.Theorem 2 Suppose that(H1),(H2),and(H3)hold.Let x(.)be the integral solution of Eq.(1)on(,),0,and assume that(see 20)the linear operator W from U into D(A)defined by dssCuBsSWu)()(lim0,(5)nduces an invertible operator Won KerWUJL/),(2,such that there exist positive constants 1Na
21、nd 2Nsatisfying 1NC and 21NW,then,Eq.(1)is controllable on J provided that 1)(2221000KeMNNeMD,(6)Where)(max:0tKKt.Proof Following 1,when the integral solution x(.)of Eq.(1)exists on(,),0,it is given for all t 0,by dssCustSdtddsxsFstSdtdDtSxDtxttst000)()(),()()()(Or dsxsBstSDtSxDtxtst00),()(lim)()(荐学
22、习交流仅供学习与交流如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢精品好文档推荐学习交流仅供学习与交流如有侵权请联系网无法解决的问题可以解决更多或更少的常规方法这些成功的人主要是由于他们能够将积分学和微分融合在一起的事实的类空间值和控制用受理控制范围状态变量在间空间是一个有界的线性算子从到上的线性算子是函数的映射相空间在精品好文档,推荐学习交流 仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除 谢谢4 dssCuBstSt0)()(lim Then,an arbitrary integral solution x(.)of Eq.(1)on(,),0,satisfies x()=e1 if and only if dssC
23、uBstSdsxsFsSddDSxDets0001)()(lim),()()(This implies that,by use of(5),it su ffices to take,for all t J,)()()(lim)(01tdssCuBstSWtut )(),()(lim)(0011tdsxsBstSDSxDeWts in order to have x()=e1.Hence,we must take the control as above,and consequently,the proof is reduced to the existence of the integral
24、solution given for all t 0,by tstdszsFstSdtdDtSzDtPz00),()()(:)(DSzDzWCstSdtdt)()()(001 dssdzFBS)(),()(lim0 Without loss of generality,suppose that 0.Using simila r arguments as in 1,we can see hat,for every 1z,)(2Zz and t 0,210021)()()(zzKeMDtPztPz As K is continuous and 1)0(0KD,we can choose 0 sma
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