高三英语二轮复习---高考英语概要写作讲解素材.docx

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1、高考英语概要写作讲解考点分析：高考新增题型，1题15分；要求学生在理解原文的基础上，在不改 变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的 主要内容和观点。PART III概要写作：原文350词左右概要6020定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition*评分要点 1）理解准确，涵盖全部要点 2）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇 3）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑 4）完全使用自己的语言举例：Mary

2、is a beautiful girl who always smiles to others.改： Mary is a girl. Contain the main idea Ignore the unoeeessary detailsRequests of Summary Writing 写作要求第1页共16页 People hold mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. In the 16th century, people of some European countries, believed that dirt protected peo

3、ple from getting ill. However,(3) People began to change their attitudes to dirt more than 200 years ago. They have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. Nevertheless/But,nowadays, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system.练习一：Getting up ea

4、rly has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be energetic the whole day. Nowadays, people still hold the same view. So, vetting up early is of great importance to us all.In fact, morning is the best

5、time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people areTisualiyinsthe best conditions. Many of us may have the experiences that we more quickly and accurately in the morning than at any other time of the day.Additionally if we get up early and do some morning exercise or only fake a sh

6、ort walk in the morning, without doubt we can build our bodies and become muchThat is why many people getting up early do physical exercise year after year. Also, we will have enough time to make a plan and qet ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. For example, if everyone in th

7、e family gets up early, wife will have enough time to prepare the breakfast for the whole family. Children will have enough time to catch the school bus, and husband will never forget to change his dirty shirt. Everything is in order. What a harmonious scene! However, if we get up late, well probabl

8、y have to do everything in a great hurry, making it in a mess.Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. Late risers may find it difficult to form the habit of getting up early. They have to make efforts to do so. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will

9、certainly benefit a lot from it参考答案： The importance of getting up early in the morning can never be overemphasized. Inthe first place, our brain works faster and more correctly. Whats more, we can be increasingly healthy by breathing the fresh air and working out in the morning. Lastly, it enables u

10、s to make a good preparation for the day.练习：阅读下列七篇短文，然后分别用约30个词概括各篇文章的内容要点。One day, a fanners donkey fell down into a well. The farmer thought that it wasnt worth saving the donkey because he was too old, so he decided to bury him.He invited his neighbors to help him. They began to shovel dirt into

11、the well. At first, the donkey realized what was happening and cried horribly. Then, to everyones surprise, he calmed down. A few shovel loads later, the farmer finally looked down the well and was astonished at what he saw. With every shovel of dirt that hit his back, the donkey would shake it off

12、and take a step up.As the farmers neighbors continued to shovel dirt on top of the animal, he would shake it off and take a step up. Soon, everyone was amazed as the donkey stepped up over the edge of the well and happily trotted off!1 .记叙文One day, a donkey fell into a deep well and then his master

13、decided to bury it rather than save it. However, the donkey shook every shovel of dirt off, stepped up and eventually saved itself.Tennis champion Andre Agassi, who retired in 2006. Agassi was a terrific player who won 60 titles, including 8 major championships.When he was young, Agassi was a showof

14、f who seemed to care only about himself. He didnt train very hard, but he won matches because of his tremendous talent. Eventually, though, injuries and his bad attitude caught up with him. He fell from No. 1 in the world rankings to No. 141.So Agassi changed. He trained harder and became a world-cl

15、ass player again. More importantly, he changed as a person. He was nicer to fans and opponents. He stopped 第11页共16页thinking just about himself and started thinking about others. Through his Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation, he raised more than $60 million to help disadvantaged kids around his home

16、town of Las Vegas, Nevada. He even started a school, the Andre Agassi College Preparatory Academy, for at-risk kids.At the start of a new year, lots of people promise themselves they will change. They might vow (发誓)to get in good physical shape, do better in school or be nicer to others.Change such

17、as those can be difHcult. But they do happen. Just remember Andre Agassi. It wasnt easy, but he changed, and changed for the better.2.夹叙夹议记叙文Dropping from No.l to No.147 made Agassi change himself from a proud, selfish person to a hard-working and warm-hearted gentleman. We can change ourselves to b

18、e a better person too, though it is difficult.One in every five young people has a sleep problem, so youre not alone. Getting enough sleep has become as important as eating vegetables and exercising regularly. Its very important for your body.Most young people only get seven hours of sleep each nigh

19、t, when they actually need nine hours. And making up for lost sleep during the week by sleeping on weekends doesnt really work. In fact, sleeping late on weekends may actually do you more harm than good, if you have sleep problems.What happens if you dont get enough sleep? If you sleep problem conti

20、nues for a few nights, you could suffer serious problems. Lack of sleep can affect learning and memory. Worse, if your sleep difficulties last a long time, that could lead to anxiety or depression.(3) 说明文Many young people have sleep problems, which, if lasting for a few nights, may affect their lear

21、ning and memory or even cause anxiety and depression. Sleeping late on weekends wont help.(4)Getting a good education may be the most important price you can pay, because, perhaps第12页共16页more than anything else, what you do with that huge gray material between your ears will determine your future. T

22、hese words actually describe millions of people worldwide who choose to limit their potential ability by not widening their education.A person is much more likely to have better job offers, more successful career with a better education.This, in turn, would allow for much better life style. For exam

23、ple, compare two men. The first person is a high school dropout. The second has a law degree. The high school dropout will be fortunate to get a job in food services, making less than twenty thousand dollars a year, barely surviving each week. To contrast this, the person with the law degree will ce

24、rtainly have a successful career as a lawyer, making over $70,000 anually. The lawyer will, of course, have a very wealthy lifestyle. Statistics show that high school dropouts make 42% less money than college graduates.Our generation will become doctors, lawyers, teachers and leaders of tomorrow. To

25、 do this successfully, a higher level of education is very important! We must crave learning. This, in turn, will pay for not only our future but also will help to insure success for those who follow.(4) 议论文A good education plays an essential part in ones life, which can release our potential and he

26、lp us gain better-paid jobs. Therefore, everyone is supposed to receive higher education.Hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are healthier than housewives. Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than the job-holders. A study shows that whenever the

27、employment rate increases by 1%, the death rate decrease correspondingly by 2%. All this comes down to one point: work is helpful to health.Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy, away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and lonely when they

28、have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are busy. Work serves as a bridge between man and reality. By work, people come into contact with each other. By collective(集体的)activities, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work means the loss of everythin

29、g. It affects man spiritually and makes him likely to disease.Besides, work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When a writer Hnishes his writing or teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond words.Work is helpf

30、ul to peoples health, because it can rid one of loneliness as well as make one feel fruitful and proud of himself, which always contributes to physical and mental health.Growing up is not always easy. When facing difficulties, courage and a spirit of independence can be more useful than crying for h

31、elp. Thats what Hong Zhanhui9s story of growing from boy to man with family hardships tells usHong who was born in 1982 in a poor family in Xihua County, Henna Province is now a hero in peoples mind. When he was only 11, his father became mentally ill and one day came back with an abandoned baby gir

32、l. A year later, Hongs mother and younger brother both left home because of poverty and pressure from his ill father. Their burdens fell onto the ll-year-old shoulders: to treat his fathers illness, bring up the adopted sister Chenchen, and to go on to study. Hong didnt give up. Since a young age, h

33、e has worked in part- time jobs to feed his family. At the same time, he has studied at college. To take care of Chenchen, he worked hard to rent a room near his campus for her, and send her to school. After Hongs story went public, people were moved to tears by his unselfishness. Hard as his life w

34、as, Hong didnt abandon his father and the adopted sister, because they needed his help. With his hard - won money, he even aided other students struggling against misfortunes.Hongs story shows that with love and willpower, no hardship can defeat a person but himself. So when facing difficulties, don

35、t complain about bad luck. Consider what more you could do for your family and society and youll find the world smiling back.假设你是一名读者，名叫李华，你读到了以上关于洪战辉事迹的报道后，你想写信与他交朋 友，在鼓励他的同时和他分享你自己的成长经历。请你在信中的第一段用约30个词概括关 于洪战辉事迹的报道的内容要点，开头已经给出。Dear Mn Hong,Recently I have been deeply touched by your story.6.书信体Dea

36、r Mr. Hong,Recently I have been deeply touched by your story that you, a poor student, grow up to be independent by looking after your sick father and bringing up your adopted sister, which shows that difficulties can be overcome if we take an active attitude.In addition to teaching here, I also tea

37、ch at a smaller high school 17 miles down the freeway from where I live. One day a few weeks ago I was driving to that school when my car broke down just after I exited the freeway. I was only about a quarter of a mile away from the school so I grabbed my books, and started walking.As soon as I got

38、there I called a repairman to meet me at my car after class. One of my colleagues asked me what had happened. uThis is my lucky day I replied, smiling.“Your car breaks down and today is your lucky day?” She was puzzled. What do you mean?”“I live 17 miles from here!” I replied. “My car could have bro

39、ken down anywhere along the freeway. It didnt. Instead, it broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here. Im still able to teach my class, and Ive been able to arrange for the repairman to meet me after class. If my car was meant to break down today, it couldnt ha

40、ve been arranged in a more convenient fashion.”I once read somewhere before that every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to approach life that day. And this is what I choose to be cheerful!最近你经常感觉学习压力非常大。假设上文是你的外籍老师今天在课堂上所讲述的亲身经 历，你准备在今天的日记中表达自己的感受(日记的开头已为你写好)。请以约30个词概括 老

41、师所讲述的这个故事的内涵。Dear Diary,Today in class my teacher told us a story that really helped me deal with pressures I often feel in my studies.7.日记体Dear Diary,Today in class my teacher told us a story that really helped me deal with pressures I often feel in my studies. The story described why it is importa

42、nt to be optimistic and maintain a positive attitude when facing difficulty. This way we can better cope with the problems we meet in life.第16页共16页a 60-word summary use your own words in the third person with a brief sentence connection between sentences （句子衔接）Steps of Summary WritingStep 1. Determi

43、ne the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the authors purpose确定体裁，明确主题Step 2. Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each partStep 3. Highlight the key information of each partStep 4. Make an outline of the passageStep 5. Write the first draftStep 6. Revise the summarySkills

44、of Summary Writing删除细节要点When? Where? Who? What? Why? How?r-r-trtr1）提炼同义转换：近义词、同义词等替换 厂Y2）语言I：3）衔接（照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接）例文1：The Renaissance (15th to 16th century)(1) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religiou

45、s themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great

46、houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions, as well as their activities and achievements.(2) One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When peo

47、ple first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in the wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which ma

48、de the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.体裁：记叙文主题：文艺复兴时期的艺术Step 1.Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the authors purpose确定体裁，明确主题Step 2.Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part明确文章结构para 1Step 3.Highlight the key information of each partpara 1Topic Sentence:“During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced ”Idea 1: People began to concentrate less on religious