新发明与创造2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读.docx

《新发明与创造2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新发明与创造2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读新发明与创造题型主要内容1完形填空讲述“新中国四大发明“：高铁，电子支付，共享单车和网上购物。这新发明关系着中 国新科技的创新，中国已经进入了一个新的创新时代。越来越清楚的一件事是中国 正在创新。2阅读理解介绍久坐对身体有害，因此两条腿的椅子被发明出来，为了鼓励人们改变不好的习惯。3阅读理解介绍了一种名叫TTTV的电视，这个机器包括屏幕和盛调料的容器，人们可以通过 舔屏幕而尝到来自世界各地食物的味道。4阅读理解介绍了中国科学家屠呦呦，挖掘中医宝藏，发现青蒿素的过程。青蒿素成为治疗疟 疾的一线药物，拯救了全世界数百万人的生病。5短文填空讲述了清华大学学生柳济琛开发

2、了一个叫做“光盘打卡”微信小程序，来帮助减少粮 食浪费。01（2022全国九年级课时练习）In ancient times, the Four Great Inventions in China had a great influence on the whole world. In recent years, China once again has 1 its ability to change the world with its four great new inventions: high-speed railways, mobile payment, bike-sharing an

3、d online shopping.Do you know 2 the new inventions can appear in China? The fbur great new inventions are3related to Chinas high-tech innovation （仓U新）.For example, the operating mode of bike-sharingis based 4 the satellite navigation system （卫星导航系统），mobile payment, big data and other high technologi

4、es. This shows that Chinas high-tech innovation has greatly 5 the quality of peoples lives.China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amount of 6 that China has spent encouraging innovation. China is beginning to 7 in innovation in some ways.“The four great new inventions9 have sure

5、ly improved customer experience, and helped national and global（全球的）economy8 al the same lime J said Charlie Dai, principal analyst （首席分析师）ofan American market research company.As a whole, all the Chinese are 9 of their four new inventions. It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no lo

6、nger copying western ideas. More and more foreigners 10 to promote 式作后置定语修饰way。故填solveo27 .句意：为了改进这个小程序，该团队花了半年时间在学校食堂和餐厅收集了超过10万张照片。 根据half a year collecting ”可知,此处是spend time (in) doing sth.”花费时间做某事”的结构，此处描 述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以空处用动词过去式。故填spent。28 .句意：很快，它就成为了中国大学里最受欢迎的小程序之一。根据“one of.mini-programs

7、 in universities across China.”可知，此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+比较范围”结构，最高级前用定冠词 theo故填 the。29 .句意：与此同时，在大学三年级的11月，柳和他的团队以及其他组织发起了“清理你的盘子活 动。根据Liu and his team, together . other organizations,“可知,此处是 together with和，固定短语。 故填witho30 .句意：吸引了近160万名大学生，减少了 862吨食物浪费。根据theearYourPlate，campaign” 和“take action again

8、st food waste”可知，应是减少食物浪费，reduce “减少”，动词，food waste reduce 之间是动宾关系，was后跟动词的过去分词构成一般过去时的被动语态结构，故填reduced。31 .句意：“通过这个活动，我们希望鼓励每个人都采取行动，反对浪费食物。”他说。根据“wehope to encourage . to take action against food waste”可知， 是倡导大家起彳亍动 everyone/everybody”每个 人”符合语境，不定代词作宾语。故填everyone/everybody。32 .句意：由于他的努力，柳从全球7600多名

9、杰出人士中脱颖而出，并被联合国授予可持续发展目 标青年领袖之一。根据“more than 7,600 people around the world ”可知，在超出全球7600多人中脱颖 而出，超过三者以上，用among表示“在中”，故填among。（促进）economic development in their countries by learning from Chinas innovation.1. A.seemedB.appearedC.lookedD.showed2. A.whenB.whatC.whyD.where3. A.allB.bothc.neitherD.none4.

10、A.inB.onc.toD.from5. A.improvedB.finishedc.inventedD.wasted6. A.peopleB.waterc.electricityD.money7. A.tryB.leadc.winD.value8. A.developB.warnc.meanD.live9. A.proudB.tiredc.boredD.satisfied10. A.affordB.repeatc.hopeD.wait02（2022江西九江二模）Sitting fbr longer than four hours a day increases a persons chanc

11、e of suffering （患）illness.Benoit Maltaone, a designer （设计者） from France, discovered that office workers spent about 70 percent of the day sitting down. To solve the problem caused by jt in modern working life, he came up with a great idea the two-legged chair, which is to encourage the user to move

12、at his or her desk.The chair just has two legs and needs the user to balance （平衡）it. Although it looks dangerous, it can stop people from felling while using it. But the chair is a little uncomfortable, as the user has to keep it balanced. It is also good for other parts of the body, just like an ex

13、ercise ball （姿势）.Most people dont get much exercise during the day. People watch a lot of TV and work on computers. Many people suffer from spine （脊椎） problems. Companies are coming up with new products in our houses to make our lives easier. But trying to offer people an easier life causes lots of

14、health problems.According to Benoit, the design is not about making money in the furniture （家具） market. It is to provide a product which tries to encourage people to move their whole body. The practice of this special chair can make people change their bad habits* It will encourage people to try to

15、be more active* 11. What does the underlined word it refer to?A. The two-legged chair.B. Moving at his or her desk.D. The great idea.C. Sitting for too long.12. Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4.A. Sitting long is so common now.B. Doing sports is so popular now.C. Working

16、environment is so hard now.D. Keeping healthy is so cool now.13. Whafs the purpose of this passage?A. To tell people how to keep away from sitting too long.B. To tell people how to stay away from health problems.C. To explain why people suffer from illness now.D. To show a two-legged chair designed

17、to make people healthier.03（2022.浙江.松阳县教育局教研室一模）There are many TV cook shows where you wish you could reach through your screen and taste the delicious recipes yourself.Now, Japanese scientists have taken a huge step towards making that a reality, with the development of a lickable TV screen.The dev

18、ice is called Taste the TV (TTTV) and contains 10 taste cans that can spray taste samples onto the surface of the screen. The different tastes in the cans can then mix to create tastes similar to those being shown on screen, for example, coffee or pizza.It is an experimental technology, produced by

19、Meiji University in Tokyo, Japan, with its developers expecting a commercial version to cost about 650.Japanese professor Miyashita and 30 students have developed all kinds of taste types. In his version the 10 taste cans spray a mixture of samples on to a roll of hygienic (卫生的)film that is placed o

20、ver a flat TVscreen.“During the COVID-19, this kind of technology can improve the way people connect and communicate with the outside world,“ said Miyashita.“The goal is to make it possible fbr people to have the experience of something like eating at a restauranton the other side of the world, even

21、 while at home J he said.Miyashita has also been in talks with companies about using his spray technology for applications like a device that can apply a pizza or chocolate taste to a piece of toasted bread.14. The passage tells us the invention of.A. tasty cansC. a film technology15 . Paragraph 3 t

22、alks aboutA. what the device includesC. what the device is calledB. TV cook showsD. a lickable TV screenB. how the device worksD. why the device is inventedA. waysB. purposeC. conditionsD. importance16. The writer uses what Miyashita says to express the of the invention.17. From the passage, we know

23、 that the device is.A. widely used nowB. popular with the JapaneseC. still in experimentD. liked by restaurant owners04（2022湖北武汉外国语学校（武汉实验外国语学校）模拟预测）Malaria （疟疾）has been a deadlyproblem for humans since ancient times. Usually, people get malaria when infected mosquitoes bite them. Countless people h

24、ave died from it. Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found an effective drug called qinghaosu （青蒿素）.This year marks the 50th anniversary of Tus discovery. In 1969, Tu became the director of a national project to develop a drug against malaria. Her team took a unique approach. They went back to books about

25、classical Chinese medicine. After reading more than 2, 000 old remedies （药方），Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible remedies for malaria.One remedy, which is 1,600 years old, uses the sweet wormwood （青蒿）plant to treat malaria. Tu found it effective and tried to extr

26、act （提取）the qinghaosu from it in order to make drugs. The extraction failed at first, so Tu returned to the classical books again and finally found a wayi She used a low-temperature method to extract the qinghaosu and succeeded in 1972.After her team showed that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice

27、 and monkeys, Tu and two of her colleagues volunteered to test the drug on themselves before testing on human patients. It turned out that qinghaosu was safe. All patients in the tests recovered. Gradually, qinghaosu became the first-line treatment for malaria recommended by the World Health Organiz

28、ation (WHO), saving millions of lives in China and other countries throughout the world.In 2015, when Tu was awarded with the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine, she refused to take all of the credit (荣誉). Instead, she praised her colleagues and Chinese traditional medicine. She once proudly said

29、, “Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.18. According to the passage, to find an effective drug called qinghaosu is.A. impossible B. uneasyC. unexpected D. complicated19. What do we know about the qinghaosu?A. It is extracted from the sweet wormwood plant at room-tempera

30、ture. B. TuYouyou and her team spent three years finding it out.C. Tu and all her teammates volunteered to test it on themselves. D . It has saved millions of lives around the world.20. The underlined word “approach“ in paragraph 2 probably means.A. ideaB. wayC. discussionD. drug21. We can find that

31、 Tu Youyou.A.took all the credit by herselfB.did a lot and never gave upC.succeeded in curing malaria by accidentD.won the Nobel Prize shortly afterthe success22. We can infer that the writers writing purpose is to.A.praise traditional solution in ChinaB.encourage young people to learn medicineC.sho

32、w how the qinghaosu treats malariaD.make Chinese old remedies morepopular05Liu Jichen, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini-program called “Clear Plate”. 23 a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a photo of their 24 plates. Once the image is checked by the AI, us

33、ers can collect points and use them to buy gifts or meals for children in poor 25,Technology is a good way to 26 the problem of food waste J Liu thought. He organised a team of twenty members to work on the project. In order to improve the mini-program, the team 27 half a year collecting over 100,00

34、0 photos in school dining halls and restaurants. In 2018, the mini-program wasput into use. Soon, it became one of 28 most popular mini-programs in universities across China.Meanwhile, Liu and his team, together 29 other organizations, started the Clear Your Plate” campaign in November in the third

35、year of his university. Almost 1.6 million college students were attracted and food waste was 30 by 862 tons. Through the campaign, we hope to encourage 31 to take action against food waste J he said.Thanks to his great efforts, Liu stood out 32 more than 7,600 people around the world andwas rewarde

36、d one of the Young Leaders for the SDGs （可持续发展目标）by the UN.参考答案：1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C【导语】本文主要讲述“新中国四大发明“：高铁，电子支付，共享单车和网上购物。这新发明关系着 中国新科技的创新，中国已经进入了一个新的创新时代。越来越清楚的一件事是中国正在创新。1 .句意：最近这些年，中国又一次用“新四大发明”展示了改变世界的能力：高铁，电子支付，共享 单车和网上购物。seemed 似乎；appeared 出现；looked 看；showed 展示。根据

37、China once again hasits ability”可矢口， 向世界展示它的能力，故选D。2 .句意：你知道为什么新发明能出现在中国吗？when 什么时候；what 什么；why 为什么；where 在哪里。根据The four great new inventions9are. .relatedto Chinas high-tech innovation”可知，本句话解释新四大发明出现的原因，故选C。3 .句意：“新四大发明”都与中国新科技的创新有关。all全部，表示三者及以上；both全都，表示两者之间；neither两个都不；none全都不。空格处表示 都有关，四个大于三，故

38、选A。4 .句意：例如，共享单车的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。in在里；on在上；to到；from从。base on“基于，固定搭配，故选B。5 .句意：这展示了中国的高科技创新已经极大地提高了人们生活质量。improved 提高；finished 完成；invented 发明；wasted 浪费。根据Chinas high-tech innovation has greatly.the quality of peoples lives”可知，这些发明极大地提高了人们的生活水平，故选A。6 .句意：中国已经进入了一个新的创新时代，由于中国在鼓励创新上已经花费了大量的金

39、钱。people A; water zK; electricity money钱。空格处为that引导的定语从句，空格处的单词作spend 的宾语，中国在鼓励创新上，花费了大量的金钱，故选D。7 .句意：中国将会在一些方面开始引领创新。try 尝试；lead 引导；win 赢；value 价值。根据China is beginning to . in innovation in some ways”可 知，中国将引领创新，故选B。8 .句意：一家美国市场研究公司的首席分析师戴查理说：“新四大发明确实提高了客户体验，同时 也帮助了国家和全球经济发展。”develop 发展；warn 警告；mea

40、n 意味着；live 居住。根据helped national and global（全球的）economy” 可知，此处指帮助经济发展，故选A。9 .句意：作为整体，所有的中国人以他们新四大发明而自豪。proud 自豪的；tired 劳累的；bored 无聊的；satisfied 满意的。根据“all the Chinese are.of their four new inventions”可知，中国人都以这几个发明而自豪，故选A。10 .句意：越来越多的外国人希望通过学习中国的创新来促进自己国家的经济发展。afford 支付得起；repeat 重复；hope 希望；wait 等待。根据“p

41、romote （促进）economic development in their countries by learning from Chinas innovation”可知，他们希望能够促进自己国家的经济发展，故 选C。11 . C 12. A 13. D【导语本文介绍久坐对身体有害，因此两条腿的椅子被发明出来，为了鼓励人们改变不好的习惯。11 .词义推断题。根据Benoit Maltaone, a designer （设计者）from France, discovered that office workers spent about 70 percent of the day sitt

42、ing down.”可知it指代这句话中人们久坐的问题。故选C。12 .推理判断题。根据Most people dont get much exercise during the day. People watch a lot of TV and work on computers.”可知本段介绍人们久坐这一现象，A选项“久坐很普遍现在”符合。故选A。13 . 推理判断题o 根据“To solve the problem caused by it in modem working life, he came up with a great idea- the two-legged chair,

43、 which is to encourage the user to move at his or her desk.”和全文可矢H本文主 要介绍两条腿椅子的发明，为了让人们改掉久坐的坏习惯。故选D。14 . D 15. B 16. B 17. C【导语】本文介绍了一种名叫TTTV的电视，这个机器包括屏幕和盛调料的容器，人们可以通过舔 屏幕而尝到来自世界各地食物的味道。14.主旨大意题。根据第二段“Now, Japanese scientists have taken a huge step towards making that a reality, with the development

44、 of a lickable TV screen.和全文可知，主要介绍了可舔电视屏幕这项发明。故选 Do15 . 段落大意题。根据第三段The device . contains 10 taste cans that can spray taste samples onto the surface of the screen. The different tastes in the cans can then mix to create tastes similar to those being shown on screen”可知，这个设备有10个味觉罐，可以将味觉样本喷洒到屏幕表面；罐子里

45、的不同味 道可以混合在一起，创造出与屏幕上显示的味道相似的味道。由此可知，本段主要介绍这个设备是 如何工作的。故选B。16 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The goal is to make it possible for people to have the experience of something like eating at a restaurant on the other side of the world, even while at home”可知， 目标是让人 们即使在家里也有可能体验到在世界另一端的餐馆吃饭的感觉；由此推知，作者引用Miyashita的话 是为了说明这

46、项发明的目的。故选B。17 .细节理解题。根据第四段It is an experimental technology, produced by Meiji University in Tokyo, Japan”可知，这个设备现在还处于实验阶段。故选C。18 . D 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国科学家屠呦呦，挖掘中医宝藏，发现青蒿素的过程。 青蒿素成为治疗疟疾的一线药物，拯救了全世界数百万人的生病。18 .推理判断题。根据第 2 和 3 段“After reading more than 2, 000 old remedies (药方)

47、,Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible remedies for malaria.The extraction failed at first, so Tu returned to the classical books again and finally found a way. She used a low-temperature method to extract the qinghaosu and succeeded in 1972可知，找到一种名叫青蒿素的有效药物是很复杂的。故

48、选 Do19 .细节理解题。根据第四段中“Gradually, qinghaosu became the first-line treatment for malaria recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), saving millions of lives in China and other countries throughout the world.”可知，青蒿素拯救了全世界数百万人的生命。故选D。20 .词义猜测题。根据下文“They went back to books about classical Chinese medicine. After readin