突破10 时态-2023年中考英语复习语法知识专项突破.docx

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1、中考英语复习语法知识专项突破（通用版）10时态【知识突破】1 . be（是/存在”）动词的各种时态变化:一般现在时一般将来时现在完成时/am .You are .He/She/It is . yVe/You/They are .（/等各人称）will be .I amHe/She/It is going tobe._We/You/They areI have been .You have been .She/he/It has been .We/You/They have been .一般过去时过去将来时过去完成时I was .You were.He/She/It was.We/You/The

2、y were .（/ 等各人称）would be .1 wasHe/She/It was going tohe.-We/You/They wereI had been .You had been .She/he/It had been .We/You/They had been .注意：句型变化时,否定句在 am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would后面加 nol,而且 not 都可以缩写为nt （am后面not不可以缩写）;疑问句将 am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /woul

3、d提前到句首。2 .其它超适动词（主动语态）的时态变化一览表:现在 时态一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时现在完成 时谓语动 词构成动词用原形（单三 加 s / es）（问句和否定句借 用助词do / does）am is j +动词-Eg arewill +动词原形have +过去分 词 hasam is +going fo+动词原形 一 are去态 过时一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成 时谓语动 词构成动词用过去式 （问句和否定句借 用助词did）was 1） +动词-加g werewon la was形一 were+动词原形rgoing /o+动词原had +过去分词3 .八种时态的具

4、体用法:（1） 一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态，或说明主语的特征。 一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：oftenf usually sometimes always everyA. Arc; arcB. Do; doC. Can; doD. Do; can53. The big changes in the city also us some.A. has brought; questionB. have brought; problemC. has brought; questionsD. have brought; problems54. Our hometown a

5、lot, and it is becoming more beautiful now.A. will changeB. changedC. was changing D. has changed55. 一How long have you been a teacher?2006.A. SinceB. ForC. InD. After56. Helen, we your report. Is it ready?一Yes, it is. I just want to look it over and then Ill send it.A. didn,t receiveB. havent recei

6、vedC. hadnt receivedD. dont receive57. Though Michael Jackson for many years, we still remember his crazy music.A. diedB. has diedC. has deadD. has been dead58. My parents and 1 will travel abroad as soon as the holiday.A. beginB. is beginning C. beginsD. will begin59. My son computer games when I g

7、ot home last night.A. has playedB. was playingC. will playD. played60. Ruby,her grandpa table tennis.A. like; likesB. likes; likesC. likes; likeD. like; like61. How is Annie? The expression on her face that she is sad.She didnt pass the math exam.A. advisesB. suggestsC. showedD. seemed62. Tom needs

8、$1,000 to buy a computer. But he has only made $ 500.A. so farB. so as toC. so thatD. so much63. Mr. Smith will check our homework this afternoon, but I it.A. dont finishB. wont finish C. didnt finish D. havenH finished64. Dennis the balls when juggling. He was terrible.A. keeps droppingB. kept drop

9、pingC. kept to drop65. 一What film did you watch last weekend?I Crossing the Yalu River.A. watchB. watchedC. will watchD. was watching66. Mum, where is Dad?He the supermarket.A. was going toB. has gone toC. has been to67. The dirty water from the factory has caused serious pollution,?A. didnt itB. ha

10、snt itC. wont itD. doesnt it68. You dont have to describe your Chinese teacher. We a few times.A. metB. have metC. would meetD. have been met69. Where is John? He has gone to the library. He there for an hour.A. has goneB. has beenC. wentD. goes1. .1 Bill since he to our school.A. know; has comeB. k

11、now; cameC. have known; cameD. have known; has come71. There a basketball game in our school this afternoon.A. will haveB. is going to beC. arc going to be72. Where is Betty?She for a few minutes.A. has goneB. has leftC. has returned D. has been away73. What great progress Huawei in the past few yea

12、rs!No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.A. madeB. has madeC. makes74. Look! Someone the classroom. Its clean and tidy now.一Well, it wasnt me. I went to the playground just now.A. is cleaningB. was cleaningC. had cleanedD. has cleaned75. The students in our group the final preparati

13、on fbr the match. We are sure to win.A. madeB. are makingC. makeD. will make76. Look! A group of teachers over there now.A. is going to sing and danceB. are going to sing and danceC. is singing and dancingD. are singing and dancing77. Anna, where is your brother?He in the garden with a group of kids

14、.A. playsB. playedC. is playingD. has played78. He has a new. He at a supermarket.A. job； jobB. work： workC. work； jobsD. job； works79. Many wild animals their lives because of the of living areas.A. loss; loseB.lose; loseC.loss; lossD.lose; loss80. My friend just me a book. But I cant find it now.A

15、. gaveB.givesC.was givingD.will give81. Were not sure if it tomorrow. If it, we wont climb the South Hill.A. will rain, rainsB.will rain, willrainC. rains, rainsD.rains, willrain82. David playing the piano for 9 years, and he is very good at it.A. learnsB. is learningC. will learnD. has learned83. N

16、o one can be sure in thousands of years, not to say in a million years.A. what man looks likeB. what will man look likeC. what did man look likeD. what man will look like84. 一There a new movie next Sunday.Really? I will go to watch it.A. will haveB. are going to be C. are going to have D. is going t

17、o be85. There great changes in our city in the last ten years.A. areB. wereC. have been86. 一What are you going to do on Sunday?A. Im watching TV al home nowB. Im going to visit LilyC. Id like to go to the cinemaD. I often do my homework at home87. My grandparents taijiquan for a year now and they ar

18、e both in excellent condition.A. playedB. will playC. have playedD. were playing88. David is a tennis player. He to play tennis when he was six years old.A. beginsB. will beginC. beganD. has begun89. Im moving to London. Lets stay in touch.Of course. And you never.A. will; forgetB. were; forgottenC.

19、 are; forgotD. will; be forgotten90. My dog likes. but it never me.A. to bark; bark atB. barking; barkC. barking; barks atD. barking at; barks91. How long have you?A. got marriedB. marriedC. be marriedD. been married92. Lily her room every day, so her room is very .A. clean: cleanB. cleans; cleansC.

20、 clean; cleansD. cleans; clean93. He much healthier if he takes enough in his free time.A. is; exerciseB. will be; exerciseC. is; exercisesD. will be; exercises94. Look! The woman is soup. Soup vegetables tastes delicious.A. make, withB. making. withC. makes, withD. making, and95. Be quick! The impo

21、rtant meeting for ten minutes.A. beganB. has beganC. has begunD. has been on96. Wheres Mr. Yang?He Longquan Mountain in Danzhai. He there three times because heenjoys the local scenery.A. has gone to; has beenB. has gone to; has gone toC. has been to; has goneD. has been to; has been to1.1 1 think t

22、he boy already his homework.A. does; doB. did; doC. is; doingD. has; done98. Could you tell me?For two weeks.A. how long you borrowed (his bookB. how long you have borrowed this bookC. how long you kepi (he bookD. how long you have kept the book99. In the past few years, there great changes in my ho

23、metown.A. wereB. have beenC. had been100. He in his best clothes, ready fbr his evening out.A. is dressingB. dressesC. is dressedD. dressed参考答案1. B【解析】句意：据报道，我市一些学校的学生每天都上体育课。考查一般现在时用法。句子中主语是“the students”，可数名词复数形式，结合设空处后文提 到的“every day”可知，时态是一般现在时，谓语动词使用动词原形“lake”。故选2. B【解析】句意：Kate不喜欢梨。考查动词辨析。has有;

24、like喜欢；eats吃；likes喜欢；空前有助动词doesnt,后接动词原 形，故选B。3. D【解析】句意：Kate正在唱歌，其他人在听。考查时态。sing唱：listen听。根据“now”可知，此处应用现在进行时，所以第空用is singing the others剩余的所有人，表复数，所以应用are listening.,故选D。4. B【解析】句意：下周会有一场足球赛。Theres going (o be是there be句型的将来时形式，表示“将会有: 这是there be句型时态的 一个变化，而be going to的后面应该用动词原形，此空应填be,其他不符合题意，选B。5.

25、 B【解析】句意：李雷上周五错过了校车。考查一般过去时。根据时间状语“last Friday”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式missed。 故选Bo6. B【解析】句意：我妈妈一个月带我妹妹和我去两次博物馆。考杳动词辨析和频度副词。take带去：bring带来；twice两次；two times两倍，当“time” 表示次数时,不能用two times； second第二。根据“to the museum”可知,空一表示“带去博 物馆，take sb. to.“带某人去某地”,排除AC选项；再根据a month.”可知,此处表示“一个 月两次“，用twice a month。故选B。7.

26、 C【解析】句意：Scott早餐后洗个澡。考查动词辨析及动词时态。have a shower相当于take a shower“洗澡”；bring“带来”，是动词， 根据语境是一般现在时态，主语是Scoil,是第三人称单数，谓语动词变第三人称单数，lake a shower中take变第三人称单数,故选C。8. A【解析】句意：看图片里可爱的猫。它们正在玩一只玩具老鼠。考查动词时态。根据Look at the cute cats in the picture.”可知，描述正在发生的动作，要用现 在进行时be doing的结构，故选A。9. B【解析】句意：安静！爸爸现在正在网上开会。考查现在进行

27、时。根据“now”可知，此句用现在进行时be doing。故选10. C【解析】句意：我父亲昨天没有生病。考查一般过去时。yesterday为一般过去时的时间状语，主语是第三人称单数my father, be 动词用was否定形式为wasnto故选C。11. B【解析】句意：彼得，你在干什么？哦，我在写一篇关于民族英雄的报告。考查动词时态。根据Peter, what are you doing?”可知句子是现在进行时，其结构为am/is/are doingo 故选 Bo12. C【解析】句意：我饿了。你知道我们在哪里可以买到好吃的吗？当然！拐角处有一 家餐馆。考行there be句型。根据问句

28、可知答语的时态用一般现在时，而在there be结构中，be动词 要与其后面相邻的主语保持数的致，本句的主语“a restaurant”为单数，所以用is,故选C。 13. C【解析】句意：到上学期为止，他们已经学了 2000多个英语单词。考查时态。learned 一般过去时;has learned现在完成时；had learned过去完成时;learn 一 般现在时；根据时间状语by the end of last term,表示动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成 时，故选C。14. B【解析】句意：昨天这个时候我正在和我的朋友们参观博物馆。考杳过去进行时。visil参观，根据空后的时间状语“

29、at this lime yesterday”可知，应该用过去 进行时，故选B。15. B【解析】句意：我可以和校长通电话吗？ 恐怕不能。他正在给同学们做演讲。考查时态辨析。由“Could I speak to the headmaster?以及Im afraid not.“可知,”他正在给学 生做演讲”，用现在进行时。故选B。16. D【解析】句意：Tom每天打扫他的房间，所以他的房间很干净。考查动词及形容词。cleans作“打扫”，是动词；clean作“干净的”，是形容词；第一空作谓语, 应用动词，结合“every day”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数形式，动词用三 单形式；

30、排除A、C选项；第二空作表语，应用形容词，故选D。17. B【解析】句意：明天是星期六，我们要去看望我的祖父母。考查动词时态。根据前句“Tomorrow is Saturday.”可以推知，我们是明天去看望爷爷奶奶，用 一般将来时态，则A、D两项错误；又因will后应加动词原形，则C项错误；be going to表 示将要发生的事情。故选B。18. C【解析】句意：蒂姆昨天这个时候正在读一本由亚瑟柯南道尔写的侦探小说。A. read动 词原形；B. reads第三人称单数形式：C. was reading过去进行时态；D. is reading现在进行 时态。过去进行时表示在过去某一时间段或某

31、一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。其 构成是：was/were+现在分词。根据时间状语ihis lime yesterday,结合给出的四个选项，因 此可知这句话的意思是“蒂姆昨天这个时候正在读一本由亚瑟柯南道尔写的侦探小说”，可 知,此空故填was reading,故选Co19. A【解析】句意：他正在下棋。他每个周末都下棋。考查动词时态。根据“now”可知，第一空要用现在进行时，即be doing,排除CD：再根据 every weekend”可知，第二空时态为一般现在时，主语为“he”，动词要用第三人称单数，排除B。 故选Ao20. A【解析】句意：安静点。婴儿正在睡觉。考查时态。根

32、据Be quiet. The baby.now.”可知，此处描述的动作正在进行，应用现在进行 时，结构是“be+doing”，故选A。21. A【解析】句意：赵林不经常乘火车去北京。他通常乘地铁去。考杳动词时态。根据often”可知，此句为一般现在时，主语“Zha。Lin”为第三人称单数，故 动词要用其第三人称单数形式，故排除D项。根据“He usually goes by subway.”可知，第一 句表达否定的含义。g。“去”，其否定需要前加助动词doesnl故选A。22. B【解析】句意：明天早上意大利和德国有一场足球比赛。考查一般将来时。“there be+名词+and+名词”的句子结

33、构采取就近原则。be与离得最近的名 词的单复数保持一致。根据“a football game”可知是单数概念。根据“tomorrow moming”可知 是一般将来时，排除C；用“here is going to be”或“there will be“。“have”表示“某人有某物”， 不能与“there be”的句子结构连用。排除AD；故选B。23. D【解析】句意：昨天晚会上我没看到你。我正在上DIY课。考查动词的时态。根据didnt see you at the party yesterday”可知表达昨天晚会的时候正在上 课，句子是过去进行时。主语是“I”，表达“上课”动词用was t

34、aking”。故填was taking。24. C【解析】句意：爸爸，妈妈在哪？ 她正在房间里工作。考查动词时态。根据“Dad, wheres Mom?”可知，此处回答她正在做某事，时态为现在进行时， 结构为be doing,主语为She, be动词用is。故选Co25. A【解析】句意：我可以借你的自行车吗？ 不好意思，我昨天把它借给吉姆了。考查动词辨析和时态。borrow“借”，强调借来；lend“借给”，强调借出去。根据Could I . your biker,此处是“借”来自行车,应用borrow；再根据力it to Jim yesterday.”可知,此处指“借 给”吉姆了，且时态为

35、一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选A。26. B【解析】句意：一-我可以和简讲话吗？一对不起，她现在不在。她一回来我就告诉她。 考查动词时态。as soon as一就”，引导时间状语从句,主句是一般将来时,从句要 用一般现在时。本句主语“she”是第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式。故选B。27. B【解析】句意：听着！谁在音乐室唱歌？一定是简。她通常每天这个时候唱歌。 考查动词时态。根据“Listen!”可知，第一句询问的动作正在进行，所以应用现在进行时态“be doing，排除A：第二空根据“usually”和“every day“,知，句子时态应是一般现在时态，主 语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三

36、单sings。故选D。28. D【解析】句意：罗伯特搬进了新房子。他打算卜星期五举行一个乔迁派对来庆祝。考查时态。根据时间状语“next Friday”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，故用be doing to do或 will doo 故选 Do29. C【解析】句意：他长什么样？ 他有一头短直发。考查动词短语和一般现在时的用法。look like像；like喜欢，动词；像，介词。第一句有助 动词，所以空处应用动词原形，结合“He has shorl straight hair.”可知是问外貌，故选C。30. D【解析 1句意：快点！电影演了半小时了。根据begin/start开始，短暂性动词，

37、不能和时间 段连用；beon上演，延续性动词，可以和时间段连用；for half an hour半小时，时间段；故 选D。31. C【解析】句意：自北京2022年冬奥会和残奥会开幕以来，冰墩墩和雪容融一直很受欢迎。 考查时态。根据since”可知，句子要用现在完成时，主语是“Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuey Rhon Rhon”，助动词用have,故选Co32. B【解析】句意：她说她去过上海迪斯尼乐园两次。考查过去完成时ohave/has gone to表示“（某人）现在到某地去了（现在不在这儿了 ）； have/has beenio表示“（某人）曾经去过某地；根据“Shes

38、aid，所以此处用过去对应的时态，排除 A；根据“sheto Shanghai Disneyland twice可知是“去 了回来了“，故选 B。33. C【解析】句意：迈克，你爸爸在哪里？ 他正在院子里洗车。考查现在进行时的用法。根据问句可知本题询问的是迈克的爸爸当前的情况，所以空处应用 现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。故选C。34. B【解析】句意：每年儿童节，每个学生都会收到老师送的精美礼物。考查动词时态。根据every year”可知，此处指经常性的动作，故为一般现在时，主语是第 三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故选B。35. B【解析】句意：关掉水龙头。壶里装满了水。考查形容词短语以

39、及时态。be full of=be filled with,排除D选项。根据Turn off the tap. The potwater”可知，壶里现在装满了水，用一般现在时结构，故选B。36. C【解析】句意：你的父亲要去商店。你想让他帮你买点什么吗？考查时态。go to 一般现在时态形式；went to 一般过去时态形式；is going to现在进行时态笫 三人称单数形式，表示将来的意思；goes to一般现在时态第三人称单数形式。结合句意可 知，“你的父亲将要去商店”要用现在进行时态第三人称单数形式，表示将来的意思，根据主 语Your father是第三人称单数,此空应填is goin

40、g to,故选C。37. B【解析】句意：你知道布朗先生什么时候来我们学校吗？ 下周。考查宾语从句。句子作“know”的宾语，属于宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A和D；根 据答句“Next week.“可知，时态用一般将来时：will+doo故选B。38. C【解析】句意：我知道莉莉是你最好的朋友。你们现在经常见面吗？不。她在纽约 住了十年，但现在她住在洛杉矶。考杳时态。根据bul now she lives in Los Angeles”可知过去住在纽约，用一般过去时，谓语 用过去式lived。故选C。39. C【解析】句意：一萨拉在哪儿呢？一她在公交车站等着迎接她的朋友们呢。考查现在进行时

41、和介词。根据“Where is Sara，可知回答的是正在做的事情，要用现在进行 时，动词用“is waiting”，根据“the bus stop”可知在公交车站，是小地点，介词用at。“wait for sb.”表达“等待某人”，与句意不符合。故选C。40. D【解析】句意：嘘，不要按门铃。宝宝正在睡觉。考查动词辨析。paini绘画;wake醒来；rain下雨；ring响铃。根据The baby is sleeping.可 知，宝宝正在睡觉，所以不要按门铃。故选D。41. C【解析】句意：我在去美术馆的路上遇到珍妮时，她正慢慢地、小心地骑车回家。考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句，从

42、句用一般过去时，主句表示在过去某个时刻 正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，故选C。42. D【解析】句意：我所收集的邮票还差一张才能成整套。考查时态和语态。complete完成，结合句意，主语my collection与谓语complete之间是被动 关系，因此用被动语态，before引导的时间状语从句中用现在时表示将来，故选D。43. B【解析】句意：他们在晚会上又唱又跳，多么开心啊！考查动词辨析及时态辨析。take花费（时间），常用于“It takes/take sb. time to do sth.”句式中： spend花费（时间或金钱），常用于spend . （in） doing sth

43、.或spend . on sth.结构中。分析句 子结构可知此处用spend；再由“had”可知用过去完成时，此处用spend的过去分词形式spento故选B。44. B【解析】句意：张老师，我们的英语老师，对我们来说就像一位父亲。我们班所有的学生都 喜欢他。考查like词义辨析。like像一样，介词；喜欢，动词。根据空后、船出仃。四”可知，空 一应是表示“像一样”，介词,主语“Mr. Zhang, our English teacher是第三人称单数，故 系动词应用 is；根据前句“Mr. Zhang, our English teacher,a father to us.”可推知，应 是学

44、生们都喜欢他，故空二应是like“喜欢”，动词；句子是一般现在时，主语“All the students in our class”是复数形式，故动词应用原形。故选B。45. C【解析】句意：一从2020年3月5日起，许多人又回到了工作岗位。城市恢复了生 机。考查介词辨析。for为了; in接年、月、季节等；since自从；on接具体的某一天。根据“Many people have been back.”可知，本句是现在完成时，“since+过去的时间点”用于现在完成时。 故选C。46. A【解析】句意：过去经常有很多孩子在花园里玩，但是现在花园里很安静。考查非谓语动词。there used

45、lobe表示“过去曾经有”，因此第一空填be；第二空填现在分词 playing作后置定语修饰“kids”。故选A。47. C【解析】句意：我过去很害羞，和别人一起做课题帮助我变得外向了。考查动词短语辨析。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事“；be used to doing sth.”习惯做某事”；be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”；根据Doing projects with others has helped me become outgoing.”可知，此处是过去是害羞的，used io be+adj.意为“过去常常是”，故选C。48. D【解析】句意：苏珊，

46、你知道你妈妈明天会不会回来吗？对不起，我不知道。她一 到家，我就告诉她给你打电话。考查动词时态。第一句中的if引导宾语从句，此处主句为一般现在时，从句根据“tomorrow” 选择一般将来时，排除A；第二个空As soon as引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”，此处 从句使用一般现在时，she为第三人称单数，使用动词三单形式。故选D。49. D【解析】句意：昨天的这个时候，八年级的学生正在参加数学考试。考查动词时态。take a math exam参加数学考试；根据时间状语“at this time yesterday昨天的 这个时候”“J知，句子时态为过去进行时，其构成为：was/were+动词的现在分词：主语students 是第三人称复数，be动词用were, take的现在分词是taking。故选D。（day等）， once/twicey a （week等），on （Sunday等），nevery in the （morning 等）。如：They go to the Palace Muse