突破09 非谓语动词-2023年中考英语复习语法知识专项突破.docx
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1、中考英语复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)09非谓语动词【知识突破】i.动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式;其中分词又包含现在分 词和过去分词两种形式。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语。2.动词不定式形式:动词不定式基本形式由“不定式记号,。+动词原形”构成。它的否定形式只 要在前面加上anot它的疑问形式是:“卬加疑问词+S+动词原形”。*它 的被动形式:力e+过去分词”。*它的完成形式:“1。队”6+过去分词动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,即可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、 状语、表语和宾语补足语。但不定式也保留动词的某些特征,即不定式后面可以跟 宾语、表语和状语。动词不定
2、式加上相关成分就构成不定式短语。动词不定式可以放在谓语前句子作主语。但是通常将作主语的动词不定式或不定式 短语放在谓语后面,而在主语位置用作形式主语(有时在不定式的前面还会用 for s力.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。如:To help aMmals is helping people.(帮助动物就 是帮助人)/ is very difficult (for ”s) to leani Chinese(对于我们而言)学好汉语是非常的困难)/L,ooA me half an hour to work out this problemA解;11 这道题花了 我 一个小时的时间)动词不定式可以作谓语动词(
3、及物动词)的宾语。A及物动词+不定式一般形式:谓语动词(W.)+不定式 (作宾 语)说明想)/ g(试图)/ decide(决定)/ would 派e(想要)/ hope(希望)/ /oye(喜爱)/ 痴r(学会)/ q的rd(提供)/ agree(同意)/ 小(失败、未能)/ mea(意味着)/prefer(宁 愿)(希望)+ to (do)(无)help(帮助)加可以省略beg加(开始)/ starts开始)Wc(憎恨)也可跟动名词,意义变化不大60. The boy didnt know with the math problem, so he asked his teacher for
4、 help.A. how to doB. what to doC. where to do D. which to do61. Why do many fanners put their products online these days?一more people buy them.A. LetB. LettingC. To let62. Some people enjoy in the city, but dont.A. to live; the other B. living; the others C. living; others D. to live; other63. The f
5、amous Notre Dame Cathedral caught a big fire on April 15,2019.一What a pity! I wonder how much difficulty French people may have it.A. repairB. to repairC. repairingD.repaired64. 一Your dream is (o be a singer, right?Yes, and I will spend as much time as I can singing.A. practisingB. practiseC. to pra
6、ctiseD. to practising65. Li Hua used toin the morning. But now he is used to in the evening.A. read; readB. reading; readC. read; readingD. reading; reading66. There arc many things in our city.A. doingB. doneC. to doD. do67. It usually takes us twenty minutes our classroom every day.A. cleanB. to c
7、leanC. cleaningD. cleans68. A lot of doctors and soldiers offered to the front line to help the people in need.A. to goingB. goingC. wentD. to go69. As a professional basketball player, LeBron Janies did what he could do to help his team win the finals.划线部分作.A.状语B.定语C.宾语70. In the past (he poor didn
8、t have warm houses.A. to live in itB. to live inC. living inD. to live in them71. When the little baby saw her mother, she couldnt help.A. coming; laughing B. come; to laugh C. comes; laughs D. came; laughing72. In order to protect wildlife, wc should first let more people understand the importance
9、of it.The underlined part is used to.A. express a result B. express a purpose C. give a reason D. give an example 73. Dont, we are halhvay to.A. worry about the problems, solving themB. worry the problems about, solving themC. worry about Ihe problems, solve themD. worry the problems about, solve th
10、em74. The government advises people to follow the seven-step hand-washing method healthy.A. keepB. to keepC. keeping75. There used to a lot of kids in the garden, but now it becomes very quiet.A. be; playingB. have; playingC. be; playD. be; were playing76. Although Tony tried to the teacher.he didnt
11、 hear anything.A. to listen: butB. to listen; /C. listen; but77. Can you help me the room?A. cleanB. to cleaningC. cleaningD. with cleaning78. Its really interesting game shows.A. watchesB. to watchC. watch79. We should never give up to achieve our dreams.A. tryB. to tryC. tryingD. tried80. Many doc
12、tors from Jiangsu went to Xi,an help fbr the local hospitals several daysago.A. provideB. providingC. to provideD. provides81. When I came into the room, I saw him _TV.A. watchingB. watchC. to watchD. watched82. There are noways she can come upherself out.A. with to helpB. to helpC. with helpingD. t
13、o helping83. The physics problem is too difficult. Can you (ell us?A. how to doB. to how do itC. how to do itD. to how do84. If you want to get good scores on your exams, you should avoid careless mistakes.A. makeB. makingC. to makeD. made85. Their parents dont allow them in the river because its re
14、ally dangerous.A. swimB. swimmingC. to swimD. swam86. He doesnt know the broken computer.A. how to do withB. how can they deal withC. how to deal withD. how they can do with87. 一 Would you mind not noise? Alice is sleeping.Sorry, I didnt know. I she was awake.A. make; thinkB. making; thoughtC. makin
15、g; think88. You must get your bedroom every day.A. to cleanB. cleanedC. to be cleaned D. cleaning88.1 think the best way is taking part in(参力口)ouldoor activities.A. to relaxB. relaxingC. relaxed90. The young man by the police is her husband.A. caughtB. was caughtC. catching91. Dont worry. We will do
16、 anything we can you.A. helpB. to helpC. be helpedD. relaxesD. was catchingD. helped92. Come and see! The baby is crying.Please do something (o make himA. stop cryingB. stop to cryC. cryingD. cry93. Sometimes you have to stop A. thinkB. to thinktoo much and just go where your heart takes you.94. 一He
17、llo, Lucy, please give me someYoud better keepmore English books.A. advices; readC. thinking on how to improve my English!B. advice; readC. advice; reading95. Whats wrong with Jane?D. advices; readingHer friends went to a party without her, so she feelsA. leave outB. left outC. leave forD. left for9
18、6. My dog likesA. to bark; bark atbut it neverme.C. barking; barks a(97. He appearedA. accept98. Mr. White finishedB. barking; barkD. barking at; barks my advice.B. acceptedC. acceptingD. (o acceptinvitation cards for the celebrationparty five minutes ago.A. writeB. wrote99. It is better to ask some
19、one for advice thanA. risk doingB. risk to doC. writing something.C. to risk doingD. io writeD. to risk to do100. Tim couldnt speak French at all. When he was in Paris, he couldnt make himselfA. understandB. understandingC. understood参考答案1. B【解析】句意:你喜欢看电视吗? 不,我不喜欢。考查非谓语动词。固定短语like doing sth”喜欢做某事。故选
20、Bo2. B【解析】句意:一玛丽,你能为我们唱首歌吗?一对不起,我不能。我不擅长唱歌。考查非谓语动词。be good al doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“擅长做某事”,符合句意,故选B。3. B【解析】句意:你饭后需要刷牙。考查可数名词复数及介词用法。brush ones teeth“刷牙”;介词after后接动名词ealing作宾语。故选Bo4. A【解析】句意: 艺术节要来了。这是一个展示自己的好机会。你很会唱歌。你将 成为最受欢迎的明星。考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”,动名词作宾语。故选A。5. D【解析】句意:你大学毕业后要去做什么?
21、我想成为一名画家。但我妈妈建议我去 当一名美术老师。考查非谓语动词。根据“advises me . an art teacher”可知考查advise sb. (o do slh.”建议某人做 某事”,其中t。do为不定式,作宾语补足语。故选D。6. C【解析】句意:中场休息时间对于球员来说就是可以休息的十分钟时间。第-空,”十分钟时间”的意思,有两种表达方式:a tcn-minutc period; a ten minutes periodo 第二空,是动词不定式作后置定语修饰period,应填loresi,故选C。7. C【解析】句意:怀特先生在办公室里忙得不可开交,以至于没能和儿子一起去
22、看电影。 考查非谓语动伺。固定短语be busy doing slh.“忙于做某事。故选C。8. B【解析】试题分析:句意:他匆忙回家去拿他的书包。hurry tod。sth匆忙去干某事。根据 语意和语境故选B。考点:考查动词不定式。9. A【解析】句意:摇头在中国表示“NO”,但是在印度表示“YES”。听起来很有趣。 考查动名词和固定搭配。A.摇晃:B.移动;C.撞击;D.清洗。根据shake head意为摇头;此 处使用动名词作主语。根据句意可知,此空是摇头的意思,此空故填Shaking,故选A。10. A【解析】句意:艾米每天步行回家大约要花20分钟。考查非谓语动词。固定句型II lak
23、es sb.+时间+1。do slh.表示“某人花多少时间做某事,排除B、C项;根据“home”是地点副词可知,前面不用介词2。故选A11. D【解析】句意:我希望毕业后能在家乡工作。考查非谓语动词。固定短语hope to do sth”希望做某事,故选D。12. C【解析】句意:一该到上课时间了。好的,咱们走吧。考查it固定句型及动词不定式。lo动词不定式符号;for为了。Its time for sth/doing slh”该 到做某事的时间了“,固定句型;let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,省略呆的不定式作宾语补足 语。故选c。13. B【解析】句意:你的工作完成了吗?我想和你一
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