压轴题02阅读理解之记叙文-2023年高考英语压轴题专项训练（新高考专用）.docx

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1、压轴题02阅读理解之记叙文记叙文讲述的是发生在当前或过去或将来事情的经过。简而言之，记叙文就是;压轴题叁颁讲故事，包括人物或故事情节。常见的记叙文根据其用途可分为文学记叙文和说明记叙文：文学记叙文以 虚构为主，如趣闻逸事、传说、寓言、传奇故事、短篇小说、科幻小说等；说明记叙文以事实为依据，包 括历史、传记、新闻报道、日记等。从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判 断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的 顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题 目都会用来检测考生对故事

2、的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作 者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命 题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对 了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。1.关注细节记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W (what, who, when, where, why)要素。因 此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂

3、，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。 2 .注重联系在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题, 抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或 右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。3 读懂表象如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解 答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个 可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred fr

4、om 或是What does the author imply in?”之类的题目,文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找， 在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。4 .挖掘意义Joy为像他们这样的家庭提供照顾和安慰的故事。由此可知，B选项“从失去中产生的善举”能概括全文内 容，适合用作标题。故选B项。（2023湖南岳阳统考二模）As a writer and game designer, Tve spent most of the past 30 years trying to do various types of creative work

5、while sitting or standing at a computer keyboard. The power of those devices has grown exponentially, enabling me with a click or a keystroke to create wonders that would have been unimaginable just a few years ago.And yet Ive been increasingly confused to realize that the productivity such as words

6、 written, problems solved, hasnt increased one bit with the improvement of my tools.For a long time I tried to talk myself out of this. I figured that if my computer time didnt work efficiently, it was because I didnt have the right software, or wasnt using it right. I created keyboard shortcuts. I

7、downloaded apps to track time I spent using other apps. Nothing changed the basic observed fact: I was still trapped in the state of low productivity.For myself, Ive found that I spend the vast majority of my working computer time staring at the screen in a state of mind that ranges from “passive to

8、 somewhat productive, and in which a few minutes can stretch unnoticed into a quarter-hour, or a couple of hours. During this process, I cheat myself into believing that because I am at my desk, at my computer, I am therefore working.Its so easy to move words and sentences around in Word or Scrivene

9、r or Final Draft that it feels like writing, even if what Im actually doing would rate only a 2 on the scale in which 10 is getting an idea and writing it down. That is why I now keep my project notes and journals in actual notebooks. Tve even switched to paper for my “to-do lists J and cross off ac

10、tion items literally. Ifs simpler and I get more done this way.17. What do the underlined words “exponentiaHy“ mean in paragraph 1?A. RapidlyB. SilentlyC. UnexpectedlyD. Blindly18. What does the author want to show in paragraph 3?A. He avoided facing the reality of his work habits.B. He usually choo

11、ses the simplest way to accomplish tasks.C. He is able to learn new skills and computer programs quickly.D. He was proud of his ability to master the use of high-tech tools.19. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A. The author can focus on finishing the task at his computer. B. The author may redu

12、ce working efficiency with longer screen time.C , The author can be extremely productive when working at computer.D. The author can work longer time with high efficiency at his computer.20. What is the authors current attitude towards writing down an idea by computer?A. Supportive B. Indifferent C.

13、Unfavorable D. Objective【答案】17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们电脑并不能提升效率，相反把东西记在纸质笔 记本上更简单有效。17 .词句猜测题。根据戈U线词所在句“The power of those devices has grown exponentially, enabling me with a click or a keystroke to create wonders that would have been unimaginable just a few years ago.（这些设备的功能

14、 exponentially增长，使我能够通过点击或敲击键盘来创造奇迹，这在几年前是无法想象的）中“enabling me with a click or a keystroke to create wonders that would have been unimaginable just a few years ago”可矢口, 这些 设备现在的能力的能力是以前无法想象的，由此推知，划线词是指“快速地，迅速地“，与rapidly同义。故 选A项。18 .推理判断题。根据第三段中“For a long time I tried to talk myself out of this. I fi

15、gured that if my computer time didnt work efficiently, it was because I didnt have the right software, or wasnt using it right. I created keyboard shortcuts. I downloaded apps to track time I spent using other apps.（在很长一段时间里,我试图说服自 己不要这样想。我想，如果我使用电脑的时间不高效，那是因为我没有使用正确的软件，或者没有正确地 使用它。我创建了快捷键。我下载了一些应用程

16、序来记录我使用其他应用程序的时间广可推知，作者在第 三段中表明他最初不愿意接受自己工作效率低的现实，不愿意承认工作习惯有问题的现实。故选A项。19 .推理判断题。根据第四段中“For myself, Fve found that I spend the vast majority of my working computer time staring at the screen in a state of mind that ranges from “passive to somewhat productive,and in which a few minutes can stretch un

17、noticed into a quarter-hour, or a couple of hours. During this process, I cheat myself into believing that because I am at my desk, at my computer, I am therefore working.（就我自 己而言,我发现我在 电脑工作的大部分时间里都在“被动”到有点高效”的状态下盯着屏幕，而在这种状态下，几分钟可能会不 知不觉地延长到一刻钟或几个小时。在这个过程中，我欺骗自己，让自己相信，因为我在我的办公桌前， 在我的电脑前，所以我是在工作）”可推知

18、，作者在电脑前并不一定是在工作，长时间看屏幕还可能会降低 工作效率。故选B项。20 .推理判断题。根据最后一段中That is why I now keep my project notes and journals in actual notebooks.Ive even switched to paper for my to-do lists/ and cross off action items literally. Its simpler and I get more done this way.（这就是为什么我现在把我的项目笔记和日记保存在真正的笔记本上。我甚至把我的“任务清 单”换

19、成了纸，然后逐字划掉。这样更简单，我能完成更多的工作。广可知，作者现在把东西都写在真正的 纸质笔记本上，认为这样更简单有效，说明他不喜欢“用电脑记录想法”。故选C项。（2023 春,河北石家庄高三校联考阶段练习）I would mention a journey I made through France the summer after I graduated from college. I had just finished a seasonal job in Paris and was slowly making my way to Greece, where I was to live

20、 and teach fbr a year at Athens College. A business associate of my fathers in Pontarlier, an industrial town near Frances border with Switzerland,said that he was driving to join his family on the Mediterranean and would be happy to give me a lift.I joined him in Pontarlier,and we climbed into his

21、luxury Peugeot and set south for Marseille. This man 一 Mr.D. , ril call him was wealthy and fancied himself a connoisseur （鉴赏家）of great French food and wine. Like many Frenchmen, he also fancied himself something of a philosopher, and what could be better for a philosopher than a young, attentive, a

22、nd captive listener?So he idled （使闲着）us south, stretching what today could be a 10-hour highway drive into a multiple-day moveable feast by taking the most scenic and snairs-paced-country lanes, stopping at great restaurants whenever the mood struck him, which was often, and discoursing （讲述）lovingly

23、 and at length on everything from language to politics to women.How could I complain? I was getting a ride to the Cote dAzur which danced all blue-green sea and sun-bright sand in my mind 一 in the air-conditioned comfort of an elegant Peugeot, and receiving a first-class education in French cuisine,

24、 and all for free!I recall that journey now as a range of images 一 long, straight, tree-bordered roads and Van Gogh fields, Renoir afternoons of dappled （斑驳的）sunlight and shade, rocky restaurant balconies bordered with bright flowers, laughter and the clink of glasses and the music of French filling

25、 the air. I remember drinking a great deal of what seemed to my uneducated nose and mouth to be extraordinarily flavourful red wine.Eventually we reached Marseille and parted company - both of us, I think, happy for the journey and for its end. In the following years, when summer arrives, I think of

26、 road trips.21. What is the function of the first paragraph?A. To introduce the topic of road trips.B. To stress the authors preference for summer road trips.C. To offer some basic information of a road trip.D. To show the authors purpose of a special road trip.A. He has a great talent for doing bus

27、iness.B. He considers himself an expert in a certain field.C. He is rather wealthy and a good listener.D. He is a philosopher fond of educating people.23. How did the author feel about the trip?A. Impressive and eye-opening.B. Unforgettable but short.C. Instructive and classic.D. Inspiring but tirin

28、g.24. What does the author mean in the last sentence?A. He missed Mr.D. very much.B. He cant help associating road trips with summer.C. He made road trips with his family every summer.D. He planned road trips with Mr.D. in the following summers.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者搭乘父亲的一位朋

29、友的汽车前往希腊的所见所闻和所感。21 .推理判断题。根据第一段“I would mention a journey I made through France the summer after I graduated from college. I had just finished a seasonal job in Paris and was slowly making my way to Greece, where I was to live and teach for a year at Athens College. A business associate of my fathe

30、r in Pontarlier,an industrial town near Frances border with Switzerland,said that he was driving to join his family on the Mediterranean and would be happy to give me a lift.（我想提一下我大学毕业那年夏天在法国的一次旅行。我刚刚在巴黎完成了一份季 节性工作，正慢慢地前往希腊。我将在雅典学院生活并任教一年。我父亲在庞塔利埃的一个生意伙伴说, 他要开车去地中海与家人团聚，他很乐意载我一程。庞塔利埃是法国与瑞士边境附近的一个工业

31、城镇。y 第一段主要讲述了作者搭乘父亲的商业伙伴的汽车的一些基础信息，说明了作者此行的目的，还交代了父 亲的这位朋友的决定顺路开车送作者的一些信息。故选c项。22 .细节理解题。根据文章的第二段的“This man 一 Mr.D., Ill call him was wealthy and fancied himself a connoisseur （鉴赏家）of great French food and wine.（这个人，我将称他为D先生。很富有，自诩为法国美食 和葡萄酒的鉴赏家广可知，Mr.D.自认为是一个在法国菜肴和葡萄酒方面的行家。故选B项。23 .推理判断题。根据文章第五段“I

32、recall that journey now as a range of images 一 long, straight, tree-bordered roads and Van Gogh fields, Renoir afternoons of dappled （斑驳的）sunlight and shade, rocky restaurant balconies bordered with bright flowers, laughter and the clink of glasses and the music of French filling the air. I remember

33、 drinking a great deal of what seemed to my uneducated nose and mouth to be extraordinarily flavourful red wine.（我现在回忆起那次旅行的画面是一系列的长长的笔直的树边道路和梵高的田野，雷诺阿的下午, 阳光和阴影斑驳，岩石餐厅阳台上点缀着鲜艳的花朵，笑声和碰杯声，空气中弥漫着法语音乐。我记得我 喝了很多红酒，在我没有受过教育的鼻子和嘴巴看来，这是非常美味的红酒。厂可知，作者见识到了 Cote d，Azur的美丽风景，品尝了一流的法国菜和酒，作者对于这次旅行印象深刻，且令他大开眼界。故选

34、A 项。24 .推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句Eventually we reached Marseille and parted company 一 both of us, I think, happy for the journey and for its end. In the following years, when summer amves, I think of road trips.（最 后我们到了马赛，分道扬镶了我想，我们俩都为这次旅行和它的结束感到高兴。在接下来的几年里， 每当夏天到来，我就会想到公路旅行。厂可知，作者因为对这段旅行留下了很深的印象，所以在后来的日 子里总是

35、忍不住把公路旅行和夏天联系在一起。故选B项。（2023陕西榆林统考二模）In the leafy Pine Barrens of southern New Jersey lies a very different kind of farm: the astonishing Funny Farm, a not-for-profit animal shelter open to the public two days a week, created by New Jerseys own Doctor Doolittle, Laurie Zaleski.Every animal here is a

36、rescue - abused, abandoned, disabled - and Zaleski has healed and protected more than 600 animals over the last 20 years, from retired racehorses to raucous roosters. We have 115 roosters/9 she said.In Zaleskis eyes, Funny Farm is a perfect place, especially for animals. And it is the same with peop

37、le. When you walk through the gates, you can feel the inner peace and harmony, because they all get along here.As she writes in her book Funny Farm : My Unexpected Life with 600 Rescue Animals, there are lessons here for our polarized, at-each-others-throat society, because the creatures on the Funn

38、y Farm live in harmony, no matter how different they are. Its not quite the fairy tale of the lion lying down with the lamb, but as friendships go, this bond between Emily the emu（鹏鹊）and a goose named Airplane （because of her wounded wings） is pretty jaw-dropping.”Zookeepers often place orphaned bab

39、ies with mothers of another species who are nursing. And when animals meet when theyre young, anything is possible. Even with an animal thafs blind, another animal may kind of turn into a seeing-eye dog and protect that animal, and show where the food is, and just be the bodyguard, be the helper.“I

40、think you see this in cage so often, because these animals are taken care of, theyre not competing fbr food and theyre not stressed. And so, they have this luxury of being able to be social with other animals,“ said Zaleski. 25. What do we know about animals on the Funny Farm?A. They need help.B. Th

41、ey are retired.C. They are funny.D. They enjoy good health.26. How will a person feel when he enters Funny Farm?A. Absurd and strange.B Peaceful and harmonious.C. Confident and proud.D. Stressed and sympathetic.27. What may have happened to Airplane?A. She saved a lamb.B. She dropped her jaws.C. She

42、 crashed herself.D. She had her wings hurt.28. How do animals on the Funny Farm get along?A. By fighting with each other.B By competing for food.C. By socializing with each other.D. By playing tricks on each other.【答案】25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了新泽西州南部一个非营利性的动物收容所。25 .细节理解题。根据第二段中Every

43、 animal here is a rescue - abused, abandoned, disabled - and Zaleski has healed and protected more than 600 animals over the last 20 years, from retired racehorses to raucous roosters.里的每只动物都是救援对象被虐待的、被遗弃的、残疾的在过去的20年里，Zaleski治愈并保护 了 600多只动物，从退役的赛马到喧闹的公鸡厂可知，Funny Farm里的动物都需要帮助。故选A。26 .细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wh

44、en you walk through the gates, you can feel the inner peace and harmony, because they all get along here.（当你穿过大门，你可以感受到内心的平静与和谐，因为它们在这里和谐相处）” 可知，走进Funny Farm会感受到平静与和谐。故选B。27 .细节理解题。根据第四段中“but as friendships go, this bond between Emily the emu（鹏鹏）and a goose named Airplane （because of her wounded win

45、gs） is pretty jaw-dropping .（但就友谊而言，鹏鹉 Emily 和只名叫 Airplane的鹅（因为她的翅膀受伤了）之间的友谊非常令人瞠目结舌广可知，Airplane的翅膀受伤了。故选 Do28 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Even with an animal thats blind, another animal may kind of turn into a seeing-eye dog and protect that animal, and show where the food is, and just be the bodyguard, be the

46、 helper.（艮 使是一只失明的动物，另一只动物可能会变成导盲犬，保护这只动物，告诉它食物在哪里，就像一个保镖， 一个帮手）”可知，Funny Farm里面的动物通过彼此社交而相处。故选C。（2023辽宁沈阳统考一模）Im in the area of Noailles in Marseille, Frances second largest city and its main trade seaport. Some small shops sell vegetables, meat, and, it seems, all the spices of the Middle East. In

47、 addition to French, languages spoken on the busy streets include Arabic and African French. It all adds up to one of the most ethnically diverse cities in Europe.Close to the downtown street, I discover an Algerian restaurant, whose owner makes his signature dish-couscous with barley, not the usual

48、 wheat, using a recipe that hasnt changed since the 1920s. Couscous is an necessary part of Marseille culture. The dish was added to the UNESCOs Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2020.To be honest, before I travelled here, couscous had not been the first meal that came to mind when I thought

49、of Marseille. It was bouillabaisse, the rich soup with olive oil, garlic and saffron. I imagined enjoying it at a small portside cafe. This was clearly a romantic fantasy. For one thing, there are no small cafes at historic city. For another, the restaurants do serve bouillabaisse, but when I see the price at