压轴题05七选五-2023年高考英语压轴题专项训练（新高考专用）.docx

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1、压轴题05七选五I商向行而该题型的阅读材料长度为300词左右,主要以说明文为主。文中有五处空白， 文后有七个选项，要求考生从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章空白处的最佳选项。该题型要求 考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和前后文联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一 致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析和理解长难句的能力。文章的体裁以说明文为主，注重选取贴近生活，新颖的，时代感强的材料。其他文体为辅。单纯以 时间或事件为线索的记叙文不利于考查逻辑思维能力，出现的次数较少。文中的五处空白一般分布于各个段落的段首、段中或段尾。其选项一般分为四类:主题概句、过

2、渡句(反 映文章结构)、细节理解句(反映上下文逻辑关系)、结论句。多余两个选项也往往从这四个方面设置，例 如题概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡句不能反映文章的行文结构，节理解句与上下文脱 节等。I压轴题要颁根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略1 .如果空白在段首(1)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，从而推 断出主题句。(2)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找 相关词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。(3)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，阅读上一段的结尾部

3、分，并结合下一段的内容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能承上启下，将两段内容连起来。2 .如果空白在段尾(1)重点阅读空白前的一两句以锁定关键词。(2)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，选项中也可发现 前文的同义词、句。(3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项内容 是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。(4)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是要补全说明本段主题的其他细节，在选项中会出 example, posts related to alcohol may encourage teens to d

4、rink. That means that what you like online has the power to influence not just what others like, but even what they do.29 And not always in a good way. For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were around. Researchers also looked at the t

5、eens9 brains during this task. They saw activity in a part of the brain thats involved in rewards, which suggests the teens were changing their behavior to try to get social approval.Joining social media can give people a sense of being in the know. But posts may exaggerate （夸大）how well our friends

6、and others are feeling, making them appear much happier than we are. 30A. It can also lower the viewers self-control.B , A popular post doesnt necessarily mean it is a quality post.C. Its no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.D. Their brains respond to those likes by turning on t

7、he reward center.E. And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them.F. But those “likes can have power that goes beyond a simple connection.G. Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.【答案】26. G 27. F 28. A 29. C 30. E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是社交媒体是生活中的一部

8、分及其对生活的的影响。26 .根据空前的“They use some of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts.（他们利 用其中一些时间在社交媒体帐户上发布图片并创建个人资料。户可知，此处讲述的是青少年们在社交媒体 中所作的事情，G 选项Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.（他们所做的大 部分工作是阅读和回复朋友和家人的帖子。）”中所描述的也是青少年在社交媒体中所做的事情，其中的t

9、hey 指代与上文的teens一致。故选G项。27 .根据空前的“Clicking on a thumbs-up or a heart icon is an easy way to stay in touch.（单击竖起大拇指或心形 图标是保持联系的简单方法。户可知，小红心或者大拇指是点赞的位置，空后的“Some social media sites use those likes to determine how many people eventually see a post.（一些社交媒体网站使用这些喜欢来确定有多 少人最终看到帖子。）”可知，获赞的多少决定了有多少人关注帖子，由此可知

10、，此空处讲述的内容与“点赞” 相关，F 选项“But those “likes can have power that goes beyond a simple connection.（但这些“赞”可以拥有超越 简单联系的力量。厂中的“those likes”内容与空前后内容吻合。故选F项。28 .根据空前的“Whats more, viewing posts with a lot of likes activates the reward system in our brain.（更重要 的是，查看有很多赞的帖子会激活我们大脑中的奖励系统。广可知，浏览贴子会激活大脑中的奖励体系， 根据空后的

11、For example, posts related to alcohol may encourage teens to drink.（例如，与酒精相关的帖子可能 会鼓励青少年饮酒。户可知，与酒精相关的帖子可能会鼓励青少年饮酒，由此可知，此空处的内容是看到 的帖子对青少年的影响，A选项“It can also lower the viewers self-control.（它还可以降低观众的自制力。广 讲述的是浏览贴子对青少年的影响，其中的让指代的是上文中的viewing posts, also未结题关键词，且内 容与空前后一致。故选A项。29 .根据空后的“And not always in

12、 a good way.（而且并不总是以一种好的方式。）”以及下文中的举例“For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were around.（例 如，在2011年的一项研究中，当朋友在身边时，在实验室做驾驶任务的青少年会冒更多的风险。广可知, 本段讲述的是青少年朋友在身边的影响，而且影响不总是好的，C选项力六no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.（这并不

13、奇怪：来自同龄人的反馈会影响青少年的行为方式。）”讲述的是来自同龄人 的反馈对青少年行为的影响，与空后内容衔接合理，且与举例说明的内容吻合。故选C项。30 .根据空前的“But posts may exaggerate （夸大）how well our friends and others are feeling, making them 叩pear much happier than we are.（但是帖子可能会夸大我们的朋友和其他人的感觉，使他们看起来比我们快 乐得多。）“可知，帖子可能会使得他们看起来比我们更快乐，E选项“And that can, inappropriately, m

14、ake us feel less successful than them.（这可能会不恰当地让我们觉得自己不如他们成功。厂中描述的内容与空前内容相 对应，且其中的代词them以及us空前内容指代一致。故选E项。（2023湖北校联考二模）If youve had a bad nights sleep, or youve just got too much to do, the last thing you want to be told is to “be positive!” 31.Of course, developing a positive attitude is easier sai

15、d than done -it doesnt come naturally to everyone. When youre feeling down, it is hard to be optimistic. But a study has found that people who are optimists are more likely to live longer than those who have a more negative approach to life. So, maybe once you think of a longer life, 32The study con

16、cluded that optimists may find it easier to control emotions and get less stressed. And as stress impacts on the immune system, 33 Professor Lewina Lee from Boston University said: “Our findingsspeak to the possibility that raising levels of optimism may promote longevity and healthy aging. And she

17、advises that pessimists could benefit from doing things like imagining a future where everything turns out well.But if youre a glass half empty type of person, could seeing the world through rose-tinted glasses work for you? Every bean has its black. 34 Some people say its best to celebrate the posi

18、tives and ignore the negative parts of our lives.35. Vicki Siska says “Music feeds my soul, a sense of humour keeps things in perspective： PippaKennedy says “being grateful for what you have!” Other people recommend doing yoga and meditation as well as staying fit to help maintain a positive outlook

19、 on life.A. Accepting this helps us control our emotionsB. Accept it and make efforts to improve yourselfC. its possible that optimists better handle infectionsD. But having this mindset could have many benefitsE. But it could help you have a positive outlook on lifeF. it might encourage you to have

20、 a more hopeful outlook on lifeG. People have their personal advice on keeping a positive approach to life【答案】31. D 32. F 33. C 34. A 35. G【导语】本文是说明文。保持乐观的生活态度有助于你长寿和控制情绪等好处以及保持乐观的生活态度的 几点建议。31 . 根据上文“If youve had a bad nights sleep, or youve just got too much to do, the last thing you want to be to

21、ld is to “be positive!（如果你晚上睡得不好，或者你有太多事情要做，你最不想被告知的就是“保持积极！ 并结合下文介绍保持乐观的心态可以让你长寿，更容易控制情绪和减少压力等好处可知，虽然不想被告知 要“保持积极”，但事实上“保持积极”这种心态有很多好处。D项“But having this mindset could have many benefits（但拥有这种心态会有很多好处）”符合题意，承上启下。故选D。32 .空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“When youre feeling down, it is hard to be optimistic. But a st

22、udy has found that people who are optimists are more likely to live longer than those who have a more negative approach to life. So, maybe once you think of a longerlife,（当你情绪低落时，很难乐观。但一项研究发现，乐观主义者 比消极主义者更有可能长寿。所以，也许一旦你想到长寿）”可知，虽然情绪低落时很难保持乐观，但一想 到乐观可以长寿，这可能鼓励我们看生活积极的一面，对生活充满希望。F might encourage you

23、to have a more hopeful outlook on life（它可能会鼓励你对生活有更大的希望广符合题意，选项和上句是明显的因果关 系。故选F。33 .根据上文“The study concluded that optimists may find it easier to control emotions and get less stressed. And as stress impacts on the immune system,（研究得出的结论是，乐观主义者可能会发现更容易控制情绪，压力 更小。随着压力对免疫系统的影响）”推知，空处应陈述当压力影响免疫系统时，乐观主义

24、者更擅长处理由 此引起的疾病或不适症状。C项“it，s possible that optimists better handle infections（乐观主义者有可能更好地 处理感染）”符合题意，与上文衔接自然，infections呼应上文的immune system。故选C。34 .根据上文“But if you9re a glass half empty9 type of person, could seeing the world through rose-tinted glasses work for you? Every bean has its black.（但如果你是一个“半

25、空的杯子”类型的人，那么透过玫瑰色的眼镜看世 界对你有用吗?人人都有缺点）和下文Some people say its best to celebrate the positives and ignore the negative parts of ourlives.（有些人说，最好是庆祝我们生活中积极的一面，而忽略我们生活中消极的部分广 可知，人人都有缺点，我们应该庆祝生活中积极的一面。由此可知，我们应该接受人都不完美，这样能控 制好自己的情绪，在更大程度上做一个积极的人。A项“Accepting this helps us control our emotions（接受这 一点有助于我们控

26、制自己的情绪）”符合题意，this指代上文的“Every bean has its black.。故选Ao35 .空处位于段首，是本段主旨句。根据下文“Vicki Siska says “Music feeds my soul, a sense of humour keeps things in perspective”. Pippa Kennedy says being grateful fbr what you have!” Other people recommend doing yoga and meditation as well as staying fit to help mai

27、ntain a positive outlook on life.（Vicki Siska 说：“音乐滋养 着我的灵魂，幽默感让事情保持正确的视角。PippaKennedy：要感激你所拥有的！ ”其他人建议做瑜伽、 冥想以及保持健康，以帮助保持积极的人生观广可知，本段主要介绍人们对如何保持乐观态度的个人建议。 G 项“People have their personal advice on keeping a positive approach to life（人们对保持积极的生活方式有自 己的个人建议广可以作为本段主旨句，下文是对本句的举例说明。故选G。（2023湖南岳阳统考二模）Your

28、Brain Was Made For WalkingIf a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do?36.Get walking! Ifs not just some people who made

29、a case fbr it as a prime creativity booster. 37 A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside-versus on a treadmill-produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants wh

30、o walked and then sat down to do creative work.The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. Youve probably heard the phrase Exercise your creativity, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement. 38But the scenery is almost as important as the swea

31、t. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside, youre more likely to stagnation, the antithesis of energy. Without energy, you cant wonder or create. 39 Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surrounding

32、s and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities.40 Engage more closely with your surroundings for the next four weeks. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the w

33、ay people move. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.A. Physical movement is unintentional.B. In fact, you probably do it every day.C. So why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking?D. That is why walking-with a friend, or alone-feeds creative thinking.E. Interrupting your routine

34、with a walk can produce fresh ideas for problems.F. Researchers have traced connections between walking and generating ideas.G. Disconnecting from multimedia increases performance on all problem-solving tasks.【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. E 40. C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步可以有助于创造性思维的培养。36. 根据上文“If a president

35、, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do?（如果一位总统、一位传奇哲学家和一位有史以来最畅销的作家都认为他们成功的秘诀是相同的, 你也会尝试遵循它吗？如果这个秘密是你已经知道怎么做的呢？户结合后文提到了成功的秘诀是散步，可

36、 推测本句是在回答上文的问题，并引出下文散步的话题。故B选项“事实上，你可能每天都在做“符合语境， 故选B。37. 根据上文“Get walking! Ifs not just some people who made a case fbr it as a prime creativity booster.（散步! 不仅仅是一些人认为它是一种主要的创造力助推器！）”以及后文“A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to si

37、tting. According to the study, walking outside-versus on a treadmill-produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who walked and then sat down to do creative work.（斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，参与者走路时的创造力比坐着时高出 81%o根据这项研究，在户外行走与在跑步机上行走相比，在步行后坐下来做创造性工作的参与者中产生 了最新颖和最高质量的类比）“可知，后文提到了大学的户外行走的研究，

38、可见有研究人员在研究走路和产 生想法之间的联系。故F选项”研究人员追踪了走路和产生想法之间的联系”符合语境，故选F。38. 根据上文“The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. Youve probably heard the phrase Exercise your creativity, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement.（走路的 动作显然是关键。你可能听说过“锻炼你的创造力”这句话，它

39、把大脑比作肌肉。我们的创造性思维是由身 体运动激发的户可知，上文提到了“创造性思维是由身体运动激发的“，即回答了为什么散步可以培养创造 性思维的问题。故D选项“这就是为什么散步和朋友一起，或者独自一人能培养创造性思维”符合 语境，故选D。39. 根据上文“But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside,

40、 youre more likely to stagnation, the antithesis of energy. Without energy, you carft wonder or create.（但风景儿乎和汗水一样重要。全国人类活动模 式调查显示，美国人87%的时间都在室内度过。待在室内，你更有可能停滞不前，这是能量的对立面。没 有能量，你就无法好奇或创造）以及后文Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is nec

41、essary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities.（只要 走出去，你就走出了你习惯的环境和你的舒适区，如果你想打开你的心扉，迎接新的可能性，这是必要的广 可知，上文提到待在室内无法培养创造力，后文则建议走出去，可知本句属于过渡句，指出散步的作用： 打断你的日常工作可以让你对问题产生新的想法。故E选项“用散步来打断你的日常工作可以让你对问题 产生新的想法”符合语境，故选E。40. 根据后文“Engage more closely with your surroundings for the next four weeks. Tur

42、n off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the way people move. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.（在接下来的四周里，要更密切地接触周围的环境。关掉手 机，给自己一个融入世界的机会，去倾听对话和自然的声音，去注意人们移动的方式。走路不只是为了锻 炼。为惊奇而行走）“可知，后文主要提出了如何专注地散步，融入世界，且提

43、到“走路不只是为了锻炼。为 惊奇而行走”，即设定创造性的目标。故C选项“那么为什么不从步行开始设定一个创造力目标呢？ ”符合 语境，故选C。（2023山西太原统考一模）Museums become the next stop many students want to visit at their leisure. 41 However, the experience of visiting a museum could be quite disappointing if not done right, even for the experienced museumgoers.42. No m

44、atter how much you9re enjoying yourself, many museums can take hours, days, or evenweeks to fully explore. If you try to put it all in, you will get worn out to the point that you wont really be seeing anything. Pick a few paintings and explore them in a detailed way, and your museum experience will

45、 be more relaxing.Have you ever started your visit by waiting in line in front of the museum for a few hours just to get in? And thats the sad reality when visiting many of those world-famous museums. Thus, be smart to browse the instructions for visiting and book in advance online. 43What if you do

46、nt like some museums? Then dont visit them! Im not a massive fan of parks, so I would hardly ever end up in any park while travel ling 44 Do they have a nice collection of an art style you love? Just ask yourself and visit the museum website to see what the highlights are.There is nothing worse than

47、 impolite manners while visiting. Weve all witnessed that guy being yelled at by the security for touching or taking flash photos. 45 .Otherwise, not only will you absolutely get embarrassed by security guards, but you can actually ruin artworks!All of these ground rules are often neglected by us. B

48、ear them in mind before setting off, and you will enjoy your museum tour!A. Its the same with the museumsB , But most of them do it all wrongC. If you havent, dont let it be youD. That way you can have an easy accessE. The first step is to research how to enjoy everythingF. Sometimes you may sigh mu

49、seum tiredness is a real thingG. Generally, there is no right or wrong way to visit a museum【答案】41. G 42. F 43. D 44. A 45. C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对如何更好地游览博物馆给出一些建议。41. 根据下文“However, the experience of visiting a museum could be quite disappointing if not done right, even for the experienced museumgoers.（然而，如果做得不对，参观博物馆的经历可能会非常令人失望，即使是对 经验丰富的博物馆游客来说也是如此广