2022年人教版高中必修五unit1练习题 .pdf

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1、Book V Unit 1 Great scientists 第一部分单元知识掌握目标I. 重点词汇1._v.断定，得出结论；结束（正式）2._vt。打败（敌人、对手）n.失败3._vt.出席，参加，照顾，护理，注意vi 专心，留意4._vt. 使暴露，受到，使曝光v.揭露5._n.治愈、疗法vt.治愈、治疗6._n.挑战 vt.向挑战7._vt.怀疑是 n.嫌疑犯8._ vt.污染9._n.把手 vt.处理、操纵10. _vt.宣布；通告11. _vt.吸收；使（精神）贯注；吞并12. _n.过失，责备vt.责备，谴责13. _vt.教，教导，命令，指示，通知14. _vi. & vt. 捐

2、助，捐献，贡献；投稿15. _vt.拒绝（建议、要求） ；不接受II. 重点短语1._提出；提议以供参考2._得出结论3._除之外没有/还有4._暴露在下5._将和联系或链接起来6._对严格的7._有意义、讲得通、有道理III 重点句式1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 2.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies b

3、e examined. 3.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 4.So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete. 5.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round i

4、t . 重点语法1.动词 -ed 的形式做表语或定语。动词的-ed 形式分为两类：动词类和形容词类。动词-ed形式做定语有的置于被修饰词的前面，有的置于被修饰词的后面。第二部分综合强化练习I.单词拼写1.Diligence and perseverance are _（特征） of most successful people. 2.We can safely draw a _ （结论） that world s economic crisis will go on for a while. 3._（分析） what you have and then make a plan. 精品资料 -

5、- - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 4.The General was_（照顾） by several expert doctors and recovered. 5.Parents should_（让接触）their children to good books and ideas. 6.No_（受害者） was found in this accident. 7.I was so_（吸引） in the book that I would n

6、ot put it down. 8.As soon as an outbreak hit London, John Snow would be ready to begin his_（询问） . 9.The US is now facing_ （严重的） economic problems. 10. Disasters cannot be_（预见） and we should get prepared at any moment. 11. Love can_（联系） parents and their children. 12. The government has_（宣布） plans to

7、 create 10,000new jobs. 13. He told us with_ （确定） that everyone may have good luck in life. 14. Teachers should_ （指导）children how to make a practical plan for their studies. 15. A new school library is now under_（建筑） and it ll be completed next September. II. 根据各句上下文意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处（注意所给单词和短语有多余，所填短语

8、的形式变化）第一组movement, construction, theory, cure, absorb, engine, positive, contribute, characteristic control 1.The new tunnel hasn t been finished; it is still under_. 2.It is kind of new medicine can _people of heart disease. 3._are to machines what hearts are to animal 4.As we know, exercise_ to be

9、tter health. 5.The hotel fire was completely under_ the moment the firemen arrived. 6.The need to communicate is a key_ human society. 7.I am a witness. I am _about what time it happened. 8.He seemed totally _ in that book. When I came in he didn t notice me at all. 9.According to the_ of relativity

10、, nothing travels faster than light. 10. Wearing loose clothing gives you greater freedom of_. 第二组handle, serve, enthusiastic, scientific, analyse, complete, blame, valuable, spin, conclude 11. She is a_ woman who never smiles. 12. They didn t draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of _experiment

11、s. 13. It came as a _ surprise to me. I never thought of that. 14. This kind of gold watch is really _. It costs a lot of money to buy one. 15. He _ his speech by wishing everyone a safe trip home. 16. Suddenly the phone was _out of control. 17. Who is to_ for this road accident? 18. It took us a lo

12、ng time to_ what went wrong. And eventually we knew the problem. 19. She was even less _about going to Japan. 20. She turned the_ and opened the door. 第三组cautious, repeat, reject, pump, virus, announce, expose, defeat, instruct, radium 21. I _three times but he still couldn t remember it. 22. This e

13、ngine is used for _water out of the mine. 23. The government _yesterday to the media plans to create a million new jobs. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 24. This is the first time that our team has been_ at a basketball match. 25. M

14、adame Curie is always remembered by people as the discoverer of_. 26. You will be _where to go as soon as the car is ready. 27. Dont_ yourself to strong sunlight; it will harm your skin. 28. He was seriously ill because of a_ infection. 29. This proposal was firmly_ at the meeting. 30. He is very _a

15、bout committing （承诺） himself to anything. 第四组：把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）Put forward, draw a conclusion, in addition, linkto, apart from, be strict with, lead to, make sense, point of view, apart from 31. You must organize your composition well. _, you should pay attention to your handwriting. 32.

16、What he thought and said didn t_. 33. It was because of his carelessness that _his failure. 34. My boss_ me in my new work. 35. He was brave enough to_ objections at the meeting. 36. Peter, what s your _on that matter? 37. _Changjiang and Huanghe there are many other rivers in china. 38. After readi

17、ng the article once again he _. 39. You may your mobile phone_ a computer. 40. Army is happy_ the fact that she can t go home every week. III 句子翻译1. _ （除了） going to the park, I limit my activities to my neighborhood. 2. It is difficult to _（得出结论） without ample evidence. 3. These scientific enquiries

18、 will_（有助于） the success of our project. 4. He often _（提出）unusual plans. So, _ （慎重） them before you decided to join in. 5. Who was the first person_（反对） the idea that earth was the centre of the universe?. 6. Although his writing doesn t _（有意思） , Fred is_（确信）that his composition will score a high mar

19、k. 7. _ （每次我打开书）, I can t help reading it for hours. 8. _（为了阻止交通事故再次发生）, the local government has taken strict measures. 9. Only when you lose it_ （你才能意识到）how valuable time is. 10. Nobody_ （应受责备）for this unavoidable mistake. IV 语法和词汇A 组1.Do you know who _the Pythagorean theorem? A. put aside B. put

20、off C. put away D. put forward 2.Working abroad _his weak points. A. exposes B. lets out C. gives out D. suggests 3.Unemployment is a hard problem to _. A. heal B. cure C. treat D. recover 4.Hall was _of stealing his neighbors new SUV car. A. charged B. cured C. doubted D. suspected 5.The _he pipe l

21、eaked, I m afraid Rosa _ for it. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - A. should blame B. is blamed C. is to be blamed D. is to blame 6.The terrible weather _the delay of the project. A. contributes to B. leads to C. brings up D. adjusts

22、to 7.I can t put up with my parents, for they are very strict _ me _ everything. A. with; in B. with; for C. in; with D. in; for 8.Only when you reread the poem_ make good sense of it. A. do you B. you C. can you D. you can 9.I don t think it_ to work without certain aims of life. A. make a differen

23、ce B. makes good sense C. makes trouble D. make profits 10. The changes Copernicus made _ the old theory were revolutionary A. for B. to C. at D. into 11. Please don t _yourself to viruses without any protection. A. show B. extend C. exhibit D. expose 12. The storm struck the whole city,_ many death

24、s. A. to cause B. having caused C. causing D. caused 13. The project_ by the end of next month. A. is completed B. is to complete C. is to be completed D. will complete 14. We had a pleasant time on the sea shore,_ the unexpected terrible weather. A. except B. apart from C. in addition to D. without

25、 15. Children_ to good books are good at thinking. A. exposing B. exposed C. to expose D. to be exposed 16. SARS is an epidemic disease. It is hard for _ people to breathe. A. affecting B. affected C. effective D. affective 17. A _is way of performing his plan. A. determining B. determined C. convin

26、cing D. convinced 18. The police were searching for the person _of having stolen the Camry car. A. suspect B. suspecting C. to be suspected D. suspected 19. Sorry, my computer is out of order. I ll have to it _ . A. to repair B. repairing C. to be repaired D. repaired 20. The policy _ to be adopted

27、turned out to be set aside. A. being expected B. to be expected C. expecting D. expected 完型填空When we study the great _1_of the world, we find that they are either very _2_. Basic things like the wheel or very complex things like the computer. Some inventions were silly, some deadly serious, _3_ even

28、 the inventions that were not _4_ were not all failure either. Each invention shed some light on the good _5_ of the inventor and their quest to improve the quality of life. Here are some invention facts and myths _6_ to amaze, inspire and amuse you. Did you every wonder why the item _7_ at stores a

29、lways seem to end in 99, instead of _8_ dollar amounts. Well see if you can guess _9_ this newspaper publisher thought it was a great idea. Why did it get _10_? Melville Stone was a self-made man, who worked his _11_ up from newspaper carrier to publisher of the Chicago Daily News. _12_ Stone first

30、started his newspaper in 1875, the price 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - was a _13_. Circulation rose _14_ at first, then leveled off. Then sales started lagging. When Stone investigated why _15_ people were buying his paper, he dis

31、covered the problem had nothing to do with its _16_. Pennies were in short supply. Stone decided he had to do something. First he traveled to the United States mint in Philadelphia and brought about the transfer of barrels of pennies to Chicago. The problem then became _17_to get the pennies into ci

32、rculation. So Stone _18_Chicago merchants to sponsor “ odd-price sales,” during which they would sell their merchandise for a penny_19_ the regular prices. The odd price did the _20_. People had pennies again, and Stone s flourished. And that is why store items today costs “ $8.99,” or $12.99, inste

33、ad of even dollar amount. 1.A. history B. discoveries C. facts D. inventions 2.A. easy B. simple C. important D. valuable 3.A. but B. so C. then D. therefore 4.A. important B. silly C. successful D. reasonable 5.A. intentions B. benefit C. impression D. dreams 6.A. hoped B. meant C. designed D. had

34、7.A. prices B. goods C. work D. product 8.A. still B. even C. some D. any 9.A. how B. if C. why D. when 10. A. worked B. started C. run D. begun 11. A. way B. method C. power D. strength 12. A. when B. because C. during D. though 13. A. coin B penny C. success D. failure 14. A. slowly B. evenly C. s

35、afely D. rapidly 15. A. many B. more C. few D a few 16. A. price B. value C. quality D. quantity 17. A. when B. where C. why D. how 18. A. helped B. persuade C. advised D. meant 19. A. under B. above C. around D. at 20. A. joke B. trick C. work D. effect 阅读理解Batteries can power anything from small s

36、ensors to large systems. While scientists are finding the ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller,

37、lighter and more efficient. “ To provide enough power, we need certain methods with energy density （密度） ,” said Jae Known, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “ The radioisotope （放射性同位素） battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries. ”Kno

38、wn and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, recently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro/nanoelectromechanical systems(M/NEWS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe. “ People hear the word nuclear an

39、d think of something very dangerous, ” he said. “ however, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems. ”精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -

40、His new idea is not only in the battery s size, but also in its semiconductor（半导体）. Kwon s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor. “ The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice str

41、ucture（晶体结构）of the solid semiconductor, ” Kwon said. “ by using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they

42、 hope to increase the battery s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that the battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair. 1.Which of the following is true of Jae Kwon? A.He teaches chemical battery. B.He developed a chemical energy source. C.He is wor

43、king on a nuclear energy source D.He made a breakthrough in computer engineering. 2.Jae Kwon gave example in Paragraph 4_. A.To show chemical batteries are widely applied B.To indicate nuclear batteries can be safely used C.To describe a nuclear-power system D.To introduce various energy sources 3.L

44、iquid semiconductor is used to A.Get rid of the radioactive waste. B.Test the power of nuclear batteries. C.Decrease the size of nuclear batteries. D.Reduce the damage to lattice structure 4.According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery_. A.Uses a solid semiconductor. B.Will soon replace the present on

45、es. C.Could be extremely thin. D.Has passed the final test 5.The text is most probably a _before appearing in daily ext life. A. science news report B. book review C. newspaper D. science fiction story B An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to the glo

46、bal economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works. Application for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said app

47、lications to do economics at A-level were also up. Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures-which are open to students from all departments-were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250. “ There are a lar

48、ge number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn t traditionally done. ” He said. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - -

49、- - - -第 6 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rise above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15 %jump, with people s renewed interest in careers in the public sector, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis. A recent study showed al

50、most two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain. Zack Hocking, the head of Child